1313 Berna

Asteroid December 2018 yes 1313 Berna #D6D6D6 S. Arend Uccle Obs. 24 August 1933 (1313) Berna 1933 QG1926 EAA911 OA Bern(capital of Switzerland) main-belt(middle)background 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5) 0 84.74 yr (30,953 d) 3.2074 AU 2.1112 AU 2.6593 AU 0.2061 4.34 yr (1,584 d) 241.65° 0.2273 ms / day 12.545° 298.14° 99.773° 1(see 2nd infobox)IAUC-8292 13.12 2.44 km13.504 0.311 km13.93 0.64 km14.27 0.36 km19.96 4.97 km 2.25 2.00 15 kg 1.21 0.14 cm3 25.46 h 0.130.1690.1850.2120.245 S (assumed) 11.5511.611.69 0.1211.7511.80 1313 Berna, provisional designation 1933 QG, is a background asteroid and synchronous binary system from the Eunomian region in the central asteroid belt, approximately 14 km mi off 2 us in diameter. It was discovered on 24 August 1933, by Belgian astronomer Sylvain Arend at the Uccle Observatory in Belgium. The assumed S-type asteroid has a longer-than average rotation period of 25.5 hours and is likely elongated in shape. It was named for the Swiss capital of Bern. The discovery of an 11-kilometer-sized satellite was announced in February 2004.IAUC-8292 Orbit and classification According to modern HCM-analyses by Nesvorný, as well as by Milani and Knežević, Berna is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. Based on osculating Keplerian orbital elements, it is located in the region of the Eunomia family (502), a prominent family of stony asteroids. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.1–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 4 months (1,584 days; semi-major axis of 2.66 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic. In 1911, Berna was first identified as A911 OA at Johannesburg. Its observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Uccle. Naming This minor planet was named after the Swiss capital city of Bern. The name was proposed by Sigmund Mauderli (1876–1962), astronomer and director of the Astronomical Institute at the University of Bern, after whom 1748 Mauderli is named. He computed the definitive orbit of the body, and also insisted to rename the minor planet to its current name, after it had been originally published as "Bernia". The official 1313 naming citation was first mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 120). Physical characteristics Lightcurve A network of astronomers at several observatories including Raoul Behrend at Geneva Observatory, Switzerland, obtained the so-far best rated rotational light-curve of Berna. Light-curve analysis gave a rotation period of 25.464 hours with a brightness variation of 0.28 magnitude (U=3). In November 2007, photometric observations at Cerro Tololo, Chile, using its 0.9-meter Prompt5 telescope in combination with the Spitzer Space Telescope gave a concurring period of 25.46 hours with an amplitude of 0.5 magnitude (U=n.a.).40 Other light-curves were also obtained by several amateur astronomers giving a period of 6, 25.4 and 25.45 hours, respectively (U=1/2-/3-). Satellite #e2e2e2 Satellite IAUC-8292 R. Behrend, R. RoyS. Sposetti 6 February 2004 Light-curve 25 km 25.464 0.001 h 30 mas (maximum) 1313 Berna 8.37 km Δ0.51 fainter than prim. 12.8–13.0 In February 2004, a satellite orbiting the asteroid was discovered. The moon, which does not have a provisional designation, measures about 11 kilometers in diameter and orbits Berna at a distance of 35 kilometer once every 25 hours and 28 minutes. Since the lightcurve is synchronized with the eclipse events, at least one body of the binary system rotates synchronously with the orbital motion. It was identified based on light-curve observations taken in February 2004 by several astronomers, including Raoul Behrend at Geneva Observatory, Stefano Sposetti, René Roy, Donald Pray, Christophe Demeautis, Daniel Matter, Alain Klotz and others.IAUC-8292 Although the IAUC was released on 23 February 2004, the announcement was already made on 12 February 2004. There are several hundreds of asteroids known to have satellites (also see :Category:Binary asteroids). Diameter and albedo According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Berna measures between 13.12 and 19.96 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.13 and 0.25. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.21 – derived from 15 Eunomia, the parent body of the Eunomia family – and calculates a diameter of 13.88 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.6. left Notes IAUC-8292 International Astronomical Union Circular (No.8292), 23 February 2004 for (1313) BERNA:"Photometric observations obtained of the minor planet (1313) on eight nights during Feb. 6–16 show a lightcurve amplitude of 0.25 magnitude and suggest that this is a binary system with an orbital period of 1.061 ± 0.005 days, showing mutual eclipses and/or occultations near both rotational lightcurve minima with a duration of about 0.09 day and depth about 0.7 mag, the first being centered on Feb. 7.85 UT. The regular-appearing lightcurve is synchronized with the eclipse events, indicating that at least one of the two bodies is elongated and rotates synchronously with the orbital motion; the sharp eclipse/occultation events indicate that both components have approximately the same size. The maximum orbital separation observed from earth would be about 0".03."— Reported by R. Behrend, Geneva Observatory, on behalf of R. Roy, S. Sposetti, N. Waelchli, D. Pray, N. Berger, C. Demeautis, D.Matter, R. Durkee, A. Klotz, D. Starkey, and V. Cotrez) References 30em 2018-05-23 last obs. JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1313 Berna (1933 QG) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001313 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 11 December 2018 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1313) Berna Schmadel Lutz D. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 107 2007 978-3-540-00238-3 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1314 (1313) Berna 1313 Berna (1933 QG) Minor Planet Center https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1313 11 December 2018 Johnston Robert (131) Berna http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-01313.html johnstonsarchive.net 28 May 2015 1 November 2015 Asteroids with Satellites Johnston's Archive Wm. Robert Johnston http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons.html 24 November 2015 Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1313) Berna Behrend Raoul Geneva Observatory http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001313 16 January 2017 3 August 2003 https://web.archive.org/web/20030803183423/http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001313 dead Carry, B. December 2012 Density of asteroids Planetary and Space Science 73 1 98–118 2012P&SS...73...98C 10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009 1203.4336 119226456 6 Joseph R. Masiero A. K. Mainzer T. Grav J. M. Bauer R. M. Cutri J. Dailey P. R. M. Eisenhardt R. S. McMillan T. B. Spahr M. F. Skrutskie D. Tholen R. G. Walker E. L. Wright E. DeBaun D. Elsbury T. IV Gautier S. Gomillion A. Wilkins November 2011 Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters The Astrophysical Journal 741 2 20 2011ApJ...741...68M 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 1109.4096 118745497 Asteroid (1313) Berna – Proper elements AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?n=1313&pc=1.1.6 11 December 2018 Asteroid 1313 Berna Small Bodies Data Ferret https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1313+Berna 11 December 2018 October 2026 InternetArchiveBot 1313 16 January 2017 6 Fumihiko Usui Daisuke Kuroda Thomas G. Müller Sunao Hasegawa Masateru Ishiguro Takafumi Ootsubo Daisuke Ishihara Hirokazu Kataza Satoshi Takita Shinki Oyabu Munetaka Ueno Hideo Matsuhara Takashi Onaka October 2011 Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 5 1117–1138 2011PASJ...63.1117U 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 free (online, AcuA catalog p. 153) 6 A. Mainzer T. Grav J. Masiero E. Hand J. Bauer D. Tholen R. S. McMillan T. Spahr R. M. Cutri E. Wright J. Watkins W. Mo C. Maleszewski November 2011 NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results The Astrophysical Journal 741 2 25 2011ApJ...741...90M 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 1109.6407 35447010 (catalog) 6 F. Marchis J. E. Enriquez J. P. Emery M. Mueller M. Baek J. Pollock M. Assafin R. Vieira Martins J. Berthier F. Vachier D. P. Cruikshank L. F. Lim D. E. Reichart K. M. Ivarsen J. B. Haislip A. P. LaCluyze November 2012 Multiple asteroid systems: Dimensions and thermal properties from Spitzer Space Telescope and ground-based observations Icarus 221 2 1130–1161 2012Icar..221.1130M 10.1016/j.icarus.2012.09.013 1604.05384 161887 6 Joseph R. Masiero A. K. Mainzer T. Grav J. M. Bauer R. M. Cutri C. Nugent M. S. Cabrera November 2012 Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 1 5 2012ApJ...759L...8M 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 1209.5794 46350317 6 A. K. Mainzer J. M. Bauer R. M. Cutri T. Grav E. A. Kramer J. R. Masiero C. R. Nugent S. M. Sonnett R. A. Stevenson E. L. Wright June 2016 NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0 https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/non_mission/EAR_A_COMPIL_5_NEOWISEDIAM_V1_0/data/neowise_mainbelt.tab NASA Planetary Data System 247 EAR-A-COMPIL-5-NEOWISEDIAM-V1.0 2016PDSS..247.....M 11 December 2018 6 C. R. Nugent A. Mainzer J. Bauer R. M. Cutri E. A. Kramer T. Grav J. Masiero S. Sonnett E. L. Wright September 2016 NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos The Astronomical Journal 152 3 12 2016AJ....152...63N 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 1606.08923 free 6 R. Behrend R. Roy S. Sposetti N. Waelchli D. Pray N. Berger C. Demeautis D. Matter R. Durkee A. Klotz D. Starkey V. Cotrez February 2004 (1313) Berna IAU Circ. 8292 3 2004IAUC.8292....3B 6 R. Behrend L. Bernasconi R. Roy A. Klotz F. Colas P. Antonini R. Aoun K. Augustesen E. Barbotin N. Berger H. Berrouachdi E. Brochard A. Cazenave C. Cavadore J. Coloma V. Cotrez S. Deconihout C. Demeautis J. Dorseuil G. Dubos R. Durkee E. Frappa F. Hormuth T. Itkonen C. Jacques L. Kurtze A. Laffont Lavayssiè M. re J. Lecacheux A. Leroy F. Manzini G. Masi D. Matter R. Michelsen J. Nomen A. Oksanen Pä ä kkö P. nen A. Peyrot E. Pimentel D. Pray C. Rinner S. Sanchez K. Sonnenberg S. Sposetti D. Starkey R. Stoss J.-P. Teng M. Vignand N. Waelchli February 2006 Four new binary minor planets: (854) Frostia, (1089) Tama, (1313) Berna, (4492) Debussy http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2006/06/aa3709-05.pdf Astronomy and Astrophysics 446 3 1177–1184 2006A&A...446.1177B 10.1051/0004-6361:20053709 16 January 2017 free External links IAUC 8292 Behrend 2005, Four new binary Minor Planets Asteroids with Satellites, Robert Johnston, johnstonsarchive.net Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html 16 December 2017 ) Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR https://web.archive.org/web/20160729213840/http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html 29 July 2016 – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)–(5000) – Minor Planet Center 1313 1312 Vassar 1313 1314 Paula 001313 Category:Discoveries by Sylvain Arend Category:Named minor planets 001313 19330824 20040206