1257 imperial election

Election for emperor of the Holy Roman Empire January 2020 1257 imperial election Holy Roman Empire Flag Germany Emperors Banner.svg Presidential no 1246 imperial election 1246 1273 imperial election 1273 13 January and 1 April 1257 7 Prince-electors 4 160px Richard of Cornwall House Plantagenet 4 (13 January)3 (1 April) 57.1% (13 January)42.9% (1 April) 160px Alfonso X Burgundy 3 (13 January)4 (1 April) 42.9% (13 January)57.1% (1 April) King William of Holland House of Holland Disputed:Richard of Cornwall (crowned)Alfonso X of Castile House of PlantagenetHouse of Burgundy thumb|400px|Peter II, Count of Savoy is invested with the vicariate general by Richard (right, wearing peach) (painting by Angelo Verolengo, 1863). The 1257 imperial election was a double election in which the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire split into factions and elected two rivals, earl Richard of Cornwall and King Alfonso X of Castile, each claiming to have been legally elected. Background The imperial elections of 1257 took place during a period known as the Great Interregnum of The Holy Roman Empire. In July 1245, Pope Innocent IV declared Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor deposed, opening a split between the factions Guelphs and Ghibellines. This led to a period of chaos, as various figures tried to become King of the Romans. With the death of Conrad IV in 1254 and his rival claimant William of Holland in 1256, an imperial election became necessary. The following prince-electors were called: Gerhard I of Dhaun de Gerhard I. von Dhaun Archbishop Elector of Mainz, Konrad von Hochstaden, Archbishop Elector of Cologne, Arnold II of Isenburg Archbishop Elector of Trier, Albert I Elector of Saxony, Louis, Elector Palatine, Ottokar II, King of Bohemia and Arch-Pincerna of the Empire, Ottokar II, acting as Duke of Austria and Styria by exercising the electoral claims of his then wife Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia, Margraves of Brandenburg (John I, Margrave of Brandenburg and Otto III, Margrave of Brandenburg, holding a single joint vote). The two leading candidates were Alfonso X of Castile and Richard of Cornwall. The pope and King Louis IX of France initially favored Alfonso, but they were convinced by the influential relatives of Richard's sister-in-law, the Eleanor of Provence, to support Richard. Both were related to the Hohenstaufen,299 http://nbn-resolving.de 10.11588/vuf.2017.0.71833 de Andreas Büttner Dynastische Kontinuität im Wahlreich der Kurfürsten? Vorträge und Forschungen 84 2017 978-3-7995-6884-5 Alfonso also campaigned with his descent from Byzantine emperor Isaac II Angelos and the Emperors of All Spain.https://google.com Verspielte Macht: Politik und Wissen am Hof Alfons' X. (1252-1284) de Schlieben Barbara Akademie Verlag 2009 9783050044996 170–1 Richard was additionally related to the Welfs.Lexikon des Mittelalters 809 https://archive.org registration Richard – 1. R. v. Cornwall de Ingo Schwab VII 1995 3-7608-8907-7 With seven electors, it was necessary to gain at least four votes. Richard was backed by three German Electoral Princes (Cologne, Mainz, and the Palatinate), while Saxony, Brandenburg, and Trier supported Alfonso X of Castile.February 2020 Ottokar II of Bohemia at first backed Richard before switching his support to Alfonso, and finally returned to supporting Richard, giving Richard the required simple majority. This led to his election in 1256 as King of Germany. Richard had to bribe four of the electors to secure the election, at an enormous cost of 28,000 marks.February 2020 Election and aftermath Richard of Cornwall was elected but only after a highly partisan election. On 27 May 1257 Konrad von Hochstaden, archbishop of Cologne, himself crowned Richard "King of the Romans" in Aachen;Goldstone, Nancy (2008). Four Queens; The Provençal Sisters who ruled Europe. Penguin Books, London, p. 213. Like his lordships in Gascony and Poitou, his title of Germany never held much significance, and he made only four brief visits to Germany between 1257 and 1269. References Bibliography The Diplomatic Preliminaries of the Double Election of 1257 in Germany C. C. Bayley The English Historical Review 62 245 1947 457–483 10.1093/ehr/LXII.CCXLV.457 555832 Roche T. W. E. The King of Almayne: A 13th-Century Englishman in Europe John Murray 1966 H. Salvador Martínez Alfonso X, the Learned Brill 2010 Odile Cisneros Category:Imperial election (Holy Roman Empire) Category:1257 in Europe Category:Alfonso X of Castile Category:England–Holy Roman Empire relations