1846–47 United States Senate elections

none March 2026 January 2016 1846–47 United States Senate elections United States 1846 legislative no 1844–45 United States Senate elections 1844 & 1845 1848–49 United States Senate elections 1848 & 1849 Class 2 1840–41 United States Senate elections 1840 & 1841 1852–53 United States Senate elections 1852 & 1853 19 of the 58 seats in the United States Senate (with special elections) Various dates 100px 30 Seats up Democratic Party (US) 35 seats 33 10 35 2 8 Whig Party (US) 24 seats 23 7 19 4 10 Liberty Party (US, 1840) New party 1 0 0 1 1 Independent Democratic 0 0 1 1 1 0 Majority Party Democratic Party (US) Democratic Party (US) File:1846senatemap.svg Results:#0671B0 Democratic gain #92C5DE Democratic hold #22aaf9ff Independent Democratic gain #f3d586 Whig hold #000000 Legislature failed to elect 380px The 1846–47 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1846 and 1847, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment 17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913) National Archives and Records Administration February 8, 2022 In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2. The Democratic Party gained four seats in the United States Senate. Results Senate party division, 30th Congress (1847–1849) Majority party: Democratic (34–38) Minority party: Whig (20–21) Other parties: Independent Democratic (1) Total seats: 58–60 Change in composition Before the elections After the February 1846 elections in Texas.   D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25Ala.Ran D26Ark.Ran D27S.C.Ran D28Tex.Ran Majority → D29N.H.Ran W19Va.Ran W20Del.Unknown W21Ky.Unknown W22Mich.Retired W23Tenn.Retired W24La.Died V1 D31Ill.Retired D30Miss.Unknown W18R.I.Ran W17N.C.Ran W16N.J.Ran W15Mass.Ran W14Maine.Ran W13Ga.Ran W12 W11 W10 W9   W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 As a result of the regular elections   V3IowaNew state D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25Ala.Appointee elected D26Ark.Re-elected D27S.C.Re-elected D28Tex.Re-elected Majority → D29Ill.Hold W19R.I.Hold V1Tenn.W Loss V2 ID1N.H.Gain D34Va.Gain D33Mich.Gain D32Maine.Hold D31Miss.Hold D30La.Hold W18Ky.Hold W17Del.Hold W16N.C.Re-elected W15N.J.Re-elected W14Mass.Re-elected W13Ga.Re-elected W12 W11 W10 W9   V4IowaNew state W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 As a result of the regular elections   V2Iowa D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24Va. (sp)Hold D25 D26 D27 D28 Majority → D29 W19 W20Tenn.Gain W21N.C. (sp)Gain ID1 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 W18 W17 W16 W15 W14 W13 W12 W11 W10 W9   V3Iowa W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 Key: D# Democratic ID# Independent Democratic W# Whig V# Vacant Race summaries Special elections during the 29th Congress In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1846 or in 1847 before March 4; ordered by election date. State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Mississippi(Class 2) Joseph W. Chalmers Democratic 1845 (appointed) Interim appointee elected January 10, 1846. Democratic Party (US) Joseph W. Chalmers (Democratic) February 2020 Texas(Class 1) None (new state) Texas was admitted to the Union December 29, 1845.Senator elected February 21, 1846.Democratic gain. Democratic Party (US) Thomas Rusk (Democratic) February 2020 Texas(Class 2) Texas was admitted to the Union December 29, 1845.Senator elected February 21, 1846.Democratic gain. Democratic Party (US) Sam Houston (Democratic) February 2020 New Hampshire(Class 2) Benning W. Jenness Democratic 1845 (appointed) Appointee lost election to finish the term.New senator elected June 13, 1846.Liberty gain.Winner was not elected to the next term; see below. Liberty Party (US) Joseph Cilley (Liberty) Democratic Party (US)Benning W. Jenness (Democratic) February 2020 North Carolina(Class 3) William H. Haywood Jr. Democratic 1843 Incumbent resigned July 25, 1846 rather than disobey instructions from the N.C. General Assembly.New senator elected November 25, 1846.Whig gain. Whig Party (US) George E. Badger (Whig) February 2020 Louisiana(Class 2) Alexander Barrow Whig 1840 Incumbent died December 29, 1846.New senator elected January 21, 1847.Democratic gain.Winner was not elected to the next term; see below. Democratic Party (US) Pierre Soulé (Democratic) February 2020 Virginia(Class 1) Isaac S. Pennybacker Democratic 1845 (special) Incumbent died January 12, 1847.New senator elected January 21, 1847.Democratic hold. Democratic Party (US) James M. Mason (Democratic) February 2020 Iowa(Class 2) None (new state) Iowa was admitted to the Union December 28, 1846.Legislature failed to elect due to a three-way split preventing any candidate from earning the required number of 30 legislators' votes.Dan Elbert Clark https://books.google.com/books?id=jXJDAAAAIAAJ History of Senatorial Elections in Iowa 17–46, 72–79 Iowa 1913Seats remained vacant until December 7, 1848. February 2020 Iowa(Class 3) February 2020 Races leading to the 30th Congress In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1847; ordered by state. All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats. State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoralhistory Alabama Dixon Hall Lewis Democratic 1844 (appointed) Incumbent elected to full term in 1847. Democratic Party (US) Dixon Hall Lewis (Democratic) February 2020 Arkansas Chester Ashley Democratic 1844 (special) Incumbent re-elected in 1846. Democratic Party (US) Chester Ashley (Democratic) February 2020 Delaware Thomas Clayton Whig 1837 (special)1841 Incumbent lost re-election or retired.Winner elected in 1846 or 1847.Whig hold. Whig Party (US) Presley Spruance (Whig) February 2020 Georgia John M. Berrien Whig 18251829 (resigned)18401845 (resigned)1845 (special) Incumbent re-elected in 1846. Whig Party (US) John M. Berrien (Whig) February 2020 Illinois James Semple Democratic 1843 (appointed)? (special) Incumbent retired.New senator elected in 1846.Democratic hold. Democratic Party (US) Stephen A. Douglas (Democratic) February 2020 Kentucky James T. Morehead Whig 1841 Incumbent retired or lost re-election.New senator elected in 1846 or 1847.Whig hold. Whig Party (US) Joseph R. Underwood (Whig) February 2020 Louisiana Pierre Soulé Democratic 1847 (special) Incumbent retired or lost re-election.New senator elected in 1847.Democratic hold. Democratic Party (US) Solomon W. Downs (Democratic) February 2020 Maine George Evans Whig 1840 Incumbent lost re-election.New senator elected in 1846.http://www.onlinebiographies.info/me/rmm/bradbury-jw.htm Bio of James W. Bradbury March 8, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20180113093128/http://www.onlinebiographies.info/me/rmm/bradbury-jw.htm January 13, 2018 dead Democratic gain. Democratic Party (US) James W. Bradbury (Democratic) Whig Party (US)George Evans (Whig) February 2020 Massachusetts John Davis Whig 18351841 (resigned)1845 (special) Incumbent re-elected in 1847. Whig Party (US) John Davis (Whig) February 2020 Michigan William Woodbridge Whig 1841 Incumbent retired.New senator elected in February 1847.Democratic gain. Democratic Party (US) Alpheus Felch (Democratic) February 2020 Mississippi Joseph W. Chalmers Democratic 1845 (appointed)? (special) Incumbent lost re-election or retired.New senator elected in 1846 or 1847.Democratic hold. Democratic Party (US) Henry S. Foote (Democratic) February 2020 New Hampshire Joseph Cilley Liberty 1846 Incumbent lost re-election.New senator elected in 1846.Independent Democratic gain. Independent Democratic Party (US) John P. Hale (Independent Democratic) Liberty Party (US)Joseph Cilley (Liberty) February 2020 New Jersey Jacob W. Miller Whig 1841 Incumbent re-elected in 1846. Whig Party (US) Jacob W. Miller (Whig) February 2020 North Carolina Willie Mangum Whig 1840 (special)1841 Incumbent re-elected in 1847. Whig Party (US) Willie Mangum (Whig) February 2020 Rhode Island James F. Simmons Whig 1841 Incumbent lost re-election.New member elected in 1846 or 1847.Whig hold. Whig Party (US) John Hopkins Clarke (Whig) Whig Party (US)James F. Simmons (Whig) February 2020 South Carolina John C. Calhoun Democratic 1832 (special)183418401843 (resigned)1845 (special) Incumbent re-elected in 1846. Democratic Party (US) John C. Calhoun (Democratic) February 2020 Tennessee Spencer Jarnagin Whig 1843 (special) Incumbent retired.Legislature failed to elect.Whig loss. February 2020 Texas Sam Houston Democratic 1846 Incumbent re-elected in 1847 Democratic Party (US) Sam Houston (Democratic) February 2020 Virginia William S. Archer Whig 1840 Incumbent lost re-election.New senator elected in 1846.Democratic gain. Democratic Party (US) Robert M. T. Hunter (Democratic) Whig Party (US)William S. Archer (Whig) February 2020 Special elections during the 30th Congress In this special election, the winner was elected in 1847 after March 4. State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Tennessee(Class 2) Vacant Legislature had earlier failed to elect.New senator elected November 22, 1847.Whig gain. Whig Party (US) John Bell (Whig) February 2020 Iowa List of United States senators from Iowa Iowa became a state in December 1846, but did not elect its senators until December 1848. Louisiana List of United States senators from Louisiana Alexander Barrow (W) died December 29, 1846. Pierre Soulé (D) was elected January 21, 1847 just to finish the term. Solomon W. Downs (D) was elected to the next term. New Hampshire Democratic appointee Benning W. Jenness lost the June 13, 1846 election to finish the term and the election the same day to the next term. Joseph Cilley (Liberty) was elected to finish the term, but lost the election to the next term. John P. Hale (Independent Democratic) was elected to the next term and would later become a Free Soiler. Virginia List of United States senators from Virginia William S. Archer (W) lost re-election to Democrat Robert M. T. Hunter. Virginia (special) List of United States senators from Virginia Isaac S. Pennybacker (D), who was not up for election, died January 12, 1847. James Murray Mason (D) was elected January 21, 1847. See also 1846 United States elections 1846–47 United States House of Representatives elections 29th United States Congress 30th United States Congress References Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov