1920 Chilean presidential election

Historical presidential election July 2021 Chile presidential 1915 Chilean presidential election 1915 1925 Chilean presidential election 1925 June 25, 1920 354 members of the Electoral College 178 electoral 45.07% Electoral vote Modified result Arturo_Alessandri_Palma_en_1925.jpg Arturo Alessandri Liberal Party (Chile, 1849) Liberal Alliance 82,083 49.41% 179 177 Luis Barros Borgoño.jpg Luis Barros Borgoño Liberal Party (Chile, 1849) National Union 83,100 50.03% 175 176 Chile Electoral Map 1920.svg Presidential election results map. Yellow denotes states won by Alessandri and blue denotes states won by Barros. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes cast by each province. President Juan Luis Sanfuentes Liberal Democratic Party (Chile) Arturo Alessandri Liberal Party (Chile, 1849) Presidential elections were held in Chile on Friday, June 25, 1920. The Liberal Alliance candidate Arturo Alessandri defeated the National Union candidate Luis Barros Borgoño in the last Chilean presidential election to have been decided by an electoral college. The results were a turning point for Chilean history, setting the end of the succession of oligarch and 19th-century governments and the start of a new, modern one run by the middle class. Incumbent president Juan Luis Sanfuentes was not able to run for a second term, as specified in the 1871 reform of the constitution. Arturo Alessandri and Eliodoro Yáñez, both Liberals, became the favourite candidates for the Liberal Alliance, formed by the half of the Liberal Party, the Radicals, the Democrats, the Doctrinals and others. Alessandri won the 1920 Liberal Alliance primary vote in the second round, defeating Yáñez, Enrique Mac Iver and Armado Quezada (both Radicals). The National Union, formed by the National, Liberal Democratic and Nationalist parties and the other half of the Liberals, was divided between those who wanted to come closer to the conservatives and those who did not. Luis Barros Borgoño, Enrique Zañartu and Ismael Tocornal were the principal candidates. The first one won the 1920 National Union Convention with the support of the Conservative Party. The elections were held in a tense and violent political environment, where the social issues, the Legislative power primacy over the Executive and the separation of church and state were at stake. Both candidates proposed similar government plans, with the main difference being Alessandri's fervent campaign, which included passionate speeches from balconies, to rallies with the Chilean middle class. During his campaign, Alessandri spoke against the rule of the oligarchy and advocated for democratic and renovating reforms.Blakemore Harold Chile from the War of the Pacific to the world depression, 1880–1930 1986 The Cambridge History of Latin America 5: c.1870 to 1930 497–552 Bethell Leslie https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-history-of-latin-america/chile-from-the-war-of-the-pacific-to-the-world-depression-18801930/790BE7F587ACE5A2164C699A3D3403B2 Cambridge University Press 10.1017/chol9780521245173.016 978-0-521-24517-3 subscription On the contrary, Barros Borgoño presented himself as the candidate of tranquillity and seriousness, accusing his opponent of fomenting class hatred. A third candidate, Luis Emilio Recabarren, from the Socialist Workers' Party, also run in the election, still knowing he had little chances of winning, but stating the election to be just an intern conflict between different branches of the oligarchy. The election results were almost a tie and were heavily disputed by both sides: the two candidates claimed victory. In the following months, political violence arouse in the country, with the population fearing a revolution. As a response to uncertainty and fraud accusations, a Tribunal of Honour was created to perform a detailed examination of the results. This solution was agreed upon by both parties. On September 30, the verdict was given, giving 177 electoral votes to Alessandri and 176 to Barros Borgoño. The first was declared the winner of the election, and the results modified by the Tribunal were accepted by the Congress in October. Nominations Liberal Alliance nomination alt=|65x65px 1920 Liberal Alliance ticket black Arturo Alessandrifor President center|200x200px Senator from Tarapacá(1915–1920) Liberal Alliance candidates: Arturo Alessandri 407 801 Enrique Mac Iver 294 50 Artemio Gutiérrez Vidal 277 Eliodoro Yáñez 102 261 José María Valderrama Lira 42 Emilio Bello Codesido 34 Armando Quezada Acharán 30 108 National Union nomination 1920 National Union ticket black Luis Barros Borgoñofor President center|200x200px Minister of Foreign Affairs,Worship and Colonization(1918–1919) Socialist Workers' Party 1920 Socialist Workers' Party ticket white Luis Emilio Recabarren Serranofor President center|200x200px Deputy from Antofagasta,Taltal and Tocopilla(1906) Results CandidatePartyPopular voteElectoral voteVotes%OriginalModified Luis Barros BorgoñoNational Union83,10050.03175176 Arturo AlessandriLiberal Alliance82,08349.41179177 Luis Emilio RecabarrenSocialist Workers Party6810.4100Other candidates2510.1500Total166,115100.00354353Valid votes166,11599.52Invalid votes8020.48Total votes166,917100.00Registered voters/turnout370,31445.07Source: Chilean Elections Database, NohlenDieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II, p285 978-0-19-928358-3 References Category:Presidential elections in Chile Presidential Chile Chile