1st Canadian Parliament

1867–1872 national legislative term Arms of Canada 1870.svg CA 1st Majority 1st Canadian House of Commons - 1867.svg 1st Canadian Senate - 1867.svg inactive September 24, 1867 July 8, 1872 Hon. James Cockburn November 6, 1867 – March 25, 1874 Rt. Hon. Sir John A. Macdonald 1867-07-01 1873-11-05 The Hon. Joseph-Édouard Cauchon November 5, 1867 – June 30, 1872 Alexander Campbell July 1, 1867 – November 5, 1873 Luc Letellier de St-Just July 1, 1867 – November 5, 1873 Conservative Party& Liberal-Conservative Liberal Party Anti-Confederation Party November 6, 1867 May 22, 1868 April 15, 1869 June 22, 1869 February 15, 1870 May 12, 1870 February 15, 1871 April 14, 1871 April 11, 1872 June 14, 1872 Victoria 1 July 1867 – 22 Jan. 1901 The Viscount Monck 1 July 1867 – 14 Nov. 1868 Lord Lisgar 2 Feb. 1869 – 25 June 1872 The Earl of Dufferin 25 June 1872 – 25 Nov. 1878 1st Canadian Ministry July 1, 1867 November 5, 1873 180 72 2nd The 1st Canadian Parliament was summoned in November 1867, following the election of the members of the House of Commons in the 1867 federal election. It lasted until dissolution in 1872, prior to the 1872 election (four years and 252 days). It met in five different sessions from 1867 to 1872, and was prorogued between the sessions. The House of Commons was controlled by a majority coalition between the Conservative Party and the Liberal-Conservative Party under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 1st Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, but there was not yet a Leader of the Official Opposition during the 1st Parliament. James Cockburn, M.P., was the Speaker of the House of Commons for the term of the Parliament. Senator Joseph-Édouard Cauchon was the Speaker of the Senate for the term of the Parliament. Creation of the Parliament of Canada Confederation thumb|Sir John A. MacDonald, first Prime Minister of Canada Canada was created on July 1, 1867, when the British North America Act, 1867 (now the Constitution Act, 1867) was brought into force by royal proclamation of Queen Victoria. That was the culmination of Canadian Confederation, which united the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick into a new federation, with the Province of Canada split into two new provinces, Ontario and Quebec.Donald Creighton, The Road to Confederation (Macmillan Publishing, 1964; reprinted ed., University Press, 2012), pp. 430–435; online version.Constitution Act, 1867. The act created a new federal parliament, the Parliament of Canada. It was composed of the monarch, represented by the Governor General of Canada, the appointed Senate, and the elected House of Commons.Constitution Act, 1867, s. 17. The Parliament operates on a similar basis as the British Parliament, with the government of Canada headed by the Prime Minister of Canada, who holds office based on controlling a majority in the House of Commons.Eric Janse and Jeffrey LeBlanc (eds.), House of Commons Procedure and Practice (4th ed., 2025), chapter 2: Parliaments and Ministries. Based on the political situation leading up to July 1, 1867, it was generally expected that John A. Macdonald, one of the co-premiers of the Province of Canada, would be the first prime minister of Canada. This was confirmed by Governor General Viscount Monck, who appointed Macdonald as prime minister in May 1867. Macdonald then appointed the cabinet ministers for the new federal government, which took office on July 1, in the run-up to the first elections for the House of Commons, which occurred in August and September, 1867.Government of Canada Privy Council Office First Ministry, July 1, 1867 – November 5, 1873 Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation https://guide-ministries.canada.ca/en/canadian-ministries/ministry-details/1/1 House of Commons The seats in the House of Commons were allocated to the four provinces, based on population: Ontario had 82 seats, Quebec had 65, Nova Scotia had 19, and New Brunswick had 15.Constitution Act, 1867, s. 37 as originally enacted, note 20. Most of the electoral districts, also called ridings, were single-member districts, but there were some multi-member districts. Voting was done by open ballots, with members elected on a first-past-the-post system. In the first general elections in 1867, Macdonald's supporters, an informal coalition of Conservatives and Liberal-Conservatives, won a majority of the seats in the House of Commons, confirming him and the cabinet in office.Janse and LeBlanc (eds.), House of Commons Procedure and Practice, Appendix 12: General Election Results Since 1867. The Parliament was then summoned for November 7, 1867. Senate The Senate is an appointed body, not elected. Seats are allocated on regional representation, not provincial equality. The Senate in 1867 was composed of three divisions: the Ontario, Quebec and the Maritime divisions. Each division had twenty-four seats, for a total of seventy-two seats in all. The seats of the Maritime division were allocated equally between New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, with twelve senators from each of those provinces. The proclamation of Confederation on May 22 had named the 72 men (24 each for Quebec and Ontario, 12 each for New Brunswick and Nova Scotia) who would sit in the Senate. The province of Quebec has 24 Senate divisions which are constitutionally mandated. In all other provinces, a Senate division is strictly an optional designation of the senator's own choosing, and has no real constitutional or legal standing. A senator who does not choose a special senate division is designated a senator for the province at large. Addition of Manitoba, British Columbia, and the North-West Territories thumb|Map of Canada in 1871 Canada expanded westward during the term of the first Parliament, with the addition of the provinces of Manitoba and British Columbia. That resulted in the expansion of both the House of Commons and the Senate. On July 15, 1870, Canada acquired Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory. That same date, Parliament created the province of Manitoba, a small province centred on Winnipeg. Manitoba was the fifth Canadian province and was allotted two seats in the Senate and four in the House of Commons. By-elections were held to elect the four Manitoba MPs in March 1871. Three members were elected because a tie was declared in one riding (Marquette). The outcome of the disputed election was not resolved prior to the 1872 election so neither candidate took the seat in the House of Commons. With the two added Manitoba Senate seats, the number of seats in the Senate rose to 74. Manitoba's Senate seats were filled in December 13, 1871, when Governor General Lord Lisgar, on the advice of Prime Minister Macdonald, filled the seats. On July 20, 1871, British Columbia became the sixth Canadian province and was allotted six seats in the House of Commons (elected in by-elections in November and December 1871) and three seats in the Senate, bringing the total number of seats in the Senate to 77. On December 13, 1871, Lord Lisgar, on the advice of Macdonald, appointed three persons to fill those seats. Also on July 15, 1870, the federal Parliament created the North-West Territories, which included all of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory (other than Manitoba). The North-West Territories did not receive any representation in the House of Commons or the Senate until 1886. Throne speeches of the first Parliament Each new session of the Canadian Parliament opens with the Throne Speech from the Governor General. Although delivered by the governor general, the throne speech is drafted by the government and sets out the legislative agenda of the government for the upcoming session.Janse and LeBlanc (eds.), House of Commons Procedure and Practice, chapter 8: The Parliamentary Cycle, para. 8.8: Speech from the Throne and Subsequent Proceedings in the House. 1867: First Session thumb|Governor General Monck, who summoned the 1st Parliament after the federal election in 1867 Governor General Monck opened the first Parliament with the throne speech on November 7, 1867."Throne Speech", November 7, 1867, reported in the Journals of the Senate of Canada, 1st Parliament, 1st session, vol. 1, pp. 59–60. Monck commented on the enactment of the British North America Act, 1867, stating that while passed by the Imperial Parliament, it had been the product of careful negotiations between the British government and the delegates of the British North American provinces. While the British government saw the creation of the new country as advantageous to the Empire, the provincial delegates had been given every freedom in the design of the new constitution. He trusted that the new country would soon extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific. He stated that it now fell to the representatives of the people of Canada to create the institutions and laws necessary to put into practice the principles set out in the constitution. He stated that some of the objectives for the government in the upcoming session would be: financial matters, such as currency, customs, excise, and federal revenue generally; the adoption of a uniform postal system; management and maintenance of federal public works and properties; militia organization and defence; administration of Indian affairs; uniform laws respecting patents of invention and discovery; naturalization of aliens; criminal law; laws relating to bankruptcy and insolvency. Monck also stated a proposal would be introduced for the immediate construction of the Intercolonial Railway, as required by the constitution, and assisted by the financial guarantee given by the British government. Measures would also be introduced for the protection of fisheries and marine interests, as well as uniform laws regarding federal elections. He also specifically advised the members of the House of Commons that the financial needs for operation of the government since July 1 had been undertaken on the authority of the ministers, who would account to the House of Commons for their expenditures during that period. 1869: Second Session thumb|Sir John Young, Bt. (later Lord Lisgar), governor general of Canada, 1869–1872 thumb|Flag of the Hudson's Bay Company, which controlled Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory prior to 1870 The second session of the Parliament opened on April 15, 1869. The throne speech was given by the new Governor General, Sir John Young."Throne Speech", April 15, 1869, reported in the Journals of the Senate of Canada, 1st Parliament, 2nd session, vol. 2, pp. 15–17. The governor general commented that the federal government, the Hudson's Bay Company and the Colonial Secretary had been engaged in negotiations for the HBC to surrender Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to Canada, and that the transfer seemed likely. He also announced that the governor of Newfoundland had communicated with him on the possibility of admitting Newfoundland into Confederation. He mentioned that with the assistance of the British government, measures had been undertaken to resolve Nova Scotia's objections to aspects of the new federal system. He announced that bills would be introduced in the session for the following purposes: the assimilation of provincial criminal laws into federal criminal law; uniform federal elections law; uniform bankruptcy and insolvency law; uniform laws relating to patents of invention and discovery. He also mentioned that the charters of several banks would be up for renewal, which would be a very important measure for the sound commerce of the country. 1870: Third Session thumb|Provisional government of Assiniboia in the North-West Territories, June 1870 thumb|Battle of Eccles Hill, Quebec, to repel Fenian raiders, May 1870 The third session opened on February 15, 1870, with a throne speech by the governor general, Sir John Young.":Throne Speech", February 15, 1879, reported in the Journals of the Senate of Canada, 1st Parliament, 3rd session, vol. 3, pp. 11–13. After complimentary opening remarks about the economy, the governor general commented on the political unrest in the North-West Territories, which he attributed to misapprehensions about the intentions of the Canadian government in acquiring the territory. He stated that the government had responded with conciliation measures, which he hoped would lead to a peaceful and equitable settlement of the difficulties and the incorporation of the North-West Territories into Canada. He advised that since the existing act for the temporary government of the North-West Territories was due to expire, a new measure would be introduced in the session. The governor general then mentioned several other proposed bills for the session, to deal with: banking regulation, to balance the financial security of Canadians with the business structures of the banks; a uniform electoral franchise and federal election laws; regulation of the local coasting trade, failing which an Imperial statute would apply; creation of a federal court of appeal, which would also have some original jurisdiction; a uniform census law, to meet the constitutional requirement for a census in 1871, which would be important for the readjustment of seats in the House of Commons. He hoped that similar rules could be adopted for censuses in Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, to assist in uniform data tables. The governor general noted with satisfaction the strong turn-out by the militia, ready to repeal the threat of Fenian raids. He also commented on the attempts made by the provinces to encourage immigration and the improvement of public works. He closed by referring to his visits to all the provinces, including his role in welcoming Prince Arthur on his visit to Canada. He was happy to report to the Imperial government the general satisfaction that Canadians in all parts of the country had with their ability to create their own institutions, governed by their own laws. 4th Session On Wednesday February 15, 1871. The 4th session of the 1st parliament of the Dominion of Canada opened with a speech from the throne by the governor general, John Young (The Lord Lisgar). In the speech, he highlights the menace of invasion from the United States. He also celebrates the creation of the province of Manitoba and looks forward to the same from British Columbia. On that topic, he speaks on the importance of the interoceanic railway to be created. He encourages more immigration to these new territories. He recommends the swift standardization of currency to not fall into the divisiveness seen in Europe. He says the census will occur on April 3, 1871. He briefly touches on some future bills pertaining to Parliamentary Elections, Weights and Measures, Insurance Companies, Savings Banks, and for the Consolidation and amendment of the Inspection Laws.https://lop.parl.ca/staticfiles/ParlInfo/Documents/ThroneSpeech/En/1-04-e.pdf Documents. Throne Speech parl.ca 31 May 2023 5th Session On Thursday April 11, 1872. The 5th session of the 1st parliament of the Dominion of Canada opened with a speech from the throne by the governor general, John Young (The Lord Lisgar). In the speech, he highlights the threat of invasion of Manitoba from the United States. He remarks on a conference held in Ottawa in September 1871 on the subject of immigration. He recognizes the adoption of British Columbia into the union and the continuation of the railway project. He encourages the development of canals and a direct water communication between the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Bay of Fundy. He notes that the census has taken place. He briefly mentions future bills pertaining to Judges of Superior Courts-to the regulation and management of the Public Lands and Mines of the Dominion in Manitoba and the North West Territories, aid for the amendment of the laws relating to the Public Health.https://lop.parl.ca/staticfiles/ParlInfo/Documents/ThroneSpeech/En/1-05-e.pdf Documents. Throne Speech parl.ca 31 May 2023 Party standings at opening of Parliament, 1867 Although there were changes to the House of Commons and the Senate during the term of the 1st Parliament, due to by-elections and new appointments to the Senate, Prime Minister Macdonald and the 1st Canadian ministry retained their majorities in both chambers throughout. House of Commons Seats in the House of Commons by party and provinceParty New Brunswick Nova Scotia Ontario Quebec TotalsCA PC row Conservative11333671CA PC row Liberal-Conservative20161129CA Liberal row Liberal 120331762CA Anti-Confederation row Anti-Confederation0180018 Vacant00011Totals:15198265181 Senate Seats in the Senate by party and Senate divisionParty Ontario Quebec Maritime TotalsCA PC row Conservative13151038CA PC row Liberal-Conservative1146CA Liberal row Liberal 108826 Vacant0022Totals:24242472 Maritime Senate seats by province Seats in the Maritime division by provinceParty New Brunswick Nova Scotia TotalsCA PC row Conservative5510CA PC row Liberal-Conservative134CA Liberal row Liberal 448 Vacant202Totals:242424 House of Commons List of Canadian electoral districts (1867–1871) Following is a full list of members of the House of Commons in the first Parliament, organised by province, John A. Macdonald was the Prime Minister of Canada throughout the term of the 1st Parliament, and appointed the members of the federal Cabinet. James Cockburn, MP for Northumberland West in Ontario, was the speaker for the term of the 1st Parliament.Library of Parliament: ParlInfo: Speakers of the House of Commons. Although the Liberal Party formed the Official Opposition, the party did not yet have a leader, so there was no Leader of the Official Opposition.Library of Parliament: ParlInfo: Leaders of the Official Opposition. Key: Party leaders are italicized. Cabinet ministers are in boldface. The Prime Minister is both. The Speaker is indicated by "()". Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members. Members elected in 1867 Nova Scotia Electoral districtNamePartyFirst electedNo. of termsAnnapolisWilliam Hallett RayAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal1AntigonishHugh McDonaldAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal-Conservative1Cape BretonJames Charles McKeagneyAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal-Conservative1ColchesterArchibald McLelan (to June 21, 1869) (appointed to Senate)Anti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal-Conservative1Adams George Archibald (from September 9, 1869, to May 19, 1870)(named Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories)Liberal-Conservative18691st termFrederick M. Pearson (from November 8, 1870)Liberal18701st termCumberlandCharles TupperConservative18671st termDigbyAlfred William SavaryAnti-Confederate 18671st termConservative1GuysboroughStewart CampbellAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal-Conservative1Halifax*Alfred Gilpin JonesAnti-Confederate 18671st termIndependentPatrick PowerAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal1HantsJoseph HoweAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal-Conservative1InvernessHugh CameronAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal-Conservative1KingsWilliam Henry Chipman to (April 9, 1870) (death)Anti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal1Leverett de Veber Chipman (from June 23, 1870)Liberal18701st termLunenburgEdmund Mortimer McDonaldAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal-Conservative1PictouJames William CarmichaelAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal1QueensJames Fraser ForbesAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal1RichmondWilliam Croke (to March 11, 1869) (death)Anti-Confederate 18671st termConservative1Isaac Le Vesconte (from April 20, 1869)Conservative118691st termShelburneThomas CoffinAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal-Conservative1VictoriaWilliam RossAnti-Confederate 18671st termLiberal1YarmouthThomas Killam (to December 15, 1868) (death)Anti-Confederate18671st termFrank Killam (from April 20, 1869)Liberal18681st term Note: 1 – The Anti-Confederate Party dissolved after failing to secure Nova Scotia's secession from Confederation. In 1869 its members joined other parties, or in one case sat as an independent. New Brunswick Electoral districtNamePartyFirst electedNo. of termsAlbertJohn WallaceLiberal18671st termCarletonCharles ConnellLiberal18671st termCharlotteJohn BoltonLiberal18671st termCity and County of Saint JohnJohn Hamilton GrayConservative18671st termCity of Saint JohnSamuel Leonard TilleyLiberal-Conservative18671st termGloucesterTimothy Warren AnglinLiberal18671st termKentAuguste RenaudLiberal18671st termKing'sGeorge RyanLiberal18671st termNorthumberlandJohn Mercer Johnson (to September 8, 1868) (death)Liberal18671st termRichard Hutchison (from December 24, 1868)Liberal18681st termQueen'sJohn FerrisLiberal18671st termRestigoucheJohn McMillan (to February 15, 1868) (appointed Inspector of Post Offices)Liberal18671st termWilliam Murray Caldwell (from March 13, 1868, to September 29, 1870) (death)Liberal18681st termGeorge Moffat (from November 29, 1870)Conservative18701st termSunburyCharles BurpeeLiberal18671st termVictoriaJohn Costigan Liberal-Conservative18671st termWestmorlandAlbert James SmithLiberal18671st termYorkCharles Fisher (to October 3, 1868) (appointed to the Supreme Court of New Brunswick)Liberal18671st termJohn Pickard (from October 28, 1868)Independent Liberal18681st term Quebec Electoral districtNamePartyFirst electedNo. of termsArgenteuilJohn AbbottLiberal-Conservative18671st termBagotPierre-Samuel GendronConservative18671st termBeauceChristian PozerLiberal18671st termBeauharnoisMichael CayleyConservative18671st termBellechasseLouis Napoléon Casault (to May 26, 1870) (appointed to Superior Court of Quebec)Conservative18671st termTélesphore Fournier (from August 15, 1870)Liberal18701st termBerthierAnselme PâquetLiberal18671st termBonaventureThéodore RobitailleConservative18671st termBromeChristopher Dunkin4 (to October 24, 1871) (appointed to Superior Court of Quebec)Conservative18671st termEdward Carter (from November 17, 1871)Conservative18711st termChamblyPierre BenoitConservative18671st termChamplainJohn Jones RossConservative18671st termCharlevoixSimon Xavier CimonConservative18671st term ChâteauguayLuther HoltonLiberal18671st termChicoutimi—SaguenayPierre Alexis TremblayLiberal18671st termComptonJohn Henry Pope5Liberal-Conservative18671st termDorchesterHector-Louis LangevinConservative18671st termDrummond—ArthabaskaLouis Adélard SénécalConservative18671st termGaspéPierre FortinConservative18671st termHochelagaAntoine DorionLiberal18671st termHuntingdonJohn Rose2 (to September 29, 1869) (resigned)Liberal-Conservative18671st termJulius Scriver (from October 30, 1869)Liberal18691st termIbervilleFrançois BéchardLiberal18671st termJacques CartierGuillaume GaucherConservative18671st termJolietteFrançois Benjamin GodinLiberal18671st termKamouraskano election in 1867 due to riotingCharles Pelletier (from February 17, 1869)Liberal18691st termLaprairieAlfred PinsonneaultConservative18671st termL'AssomptionLouis ArchambeaultLiberal-Conservative18671st termLavalJoseph BelleroseConservative18671st termLévisJoseph BlanchetLiberal-Conservative18671st termL'IsletBarthélemy Pouliot3Conservative18671st term LotbinièreHenri Joly De LotbinièreLiberal18671st termMaskinongéGeorge CaronConservative18671st termMéganticGeorge IrvineConservative18671st termMissisquoiBrown Chamberlin (to June 6, 1870) (resigned to become Queen's Printer)Conservative18671st termGeorge Baker (from July 5, 1870)Liberal-Conservative18701st termMontcalmJoseph Dufresne (to July 13, 1871) (resigned)Conservative18671st termFirmin Dugas (from September 15, 1871)Conservative18711st termMontmagnyJoseph-Octave BeaubienConservative18671st termMontmorencyJoseph-Édouard Cauchon (to November 1, 1867)Conservative18671st termJean Langlois (from December 11, 1867)Conservative18671st termMontreal CentreThomas WorkmanLiberal18671st termMontreal EastGeorge-Étienne CartierLiberal-Conservative18671st termMontreal WestThomas D'Arcy McGee (to April 7, 1868) (assassinated)Liberal-Conservative18671st termMichael Patrick Ryan (from April 20, 1868)Liberal-Conservative18681st termNapiervilleSixte Coupal dit la ReineLiberal18671st termNicoletJoseph GaudetConservative18671st termOttawa (County of)Alonzo WrightLiberal-Conservative18671st termPontiacEdmund HeathConservative18671st termPortneufJean BrousseauConservative18671st termQuebec-CentreGeorges-Honoré SimardConservative18671st termQuebec CountyPierre-Joseph-Olivier ChauveauConservative18671st termQuebec EastPierre Huot (to June 14, 1870) (resigned to become Postmaster of Quebec)Liberal18671st termAdolphe Guillet dit Tourangeau (from July 18, 1870)Conservative18701st termQuebec WestThomas McGreevyLiberal-Conservative18671st termRichelieuThomas McCarthy (to September 23, 1870) (death)Conservative18671st termGeorges Isidore Barthe (from November 18, 1870)Independent Conservative18701st termRichmond—WolfeWilliam Hoste WebbConservative18671st term RimouskiGeorge SylvainConservative18671st term RouvilleGuillaume Cheval dit St-JacquesLiberal18671st termSaint MauriceLouis Léon Lesieur Desaulniers (to September 29, 1868) (resigned)Conservative18671st termÉlie Lacerte (from October 30, 1868)Conservative18681st termSheffordLucius HuntingtonLiberal18671st termTown of SherbrookeAlexander GaltLiberal-Conservative18671st termSoulangesLuc MassonConservative18671st termSt. HyacintheAlexandre Kierzkowski (to August 4, 1870) (death)Liberal18671st termLouis Delorme (from September 1, 1870)Liberal18701st termSt. John'sFrançois BourassaLiberal18671st termStansteadCharles ColbyLiberal-Conservative18671st termTémiscouataCharles BertrandConservative18671st termTerrebonneLouis MassonConservative18671st termThree RiversLouis Boucher De Niverville (to September 30, 1868) (resigned)Conservative18671st termWilliam McDougall (from October 17, 1868)Conservative18681st termTwo MountainsJean-Baptiste DaoustConservative1867 1st termVaudreuilDonald McMillanConservative18671st term VerchèresFélix GeoffrionLiberal18671st termYamaskaMoïse FortierLiberal18671st term Four Quebec members recontested their seats in byelections, and were re-elected: 2 – John Rose was reelected in Huntingdon on November 28, 1867, after being named Minister of Finance. 3 – Barthélemy Pouliot was unseated on petition, but was reelected in L'Islet on July 14, 1869. 4 – Christopher Dunkin was reelected in Brome on November 29, 1869, after being named Minister of Agriculture. 5 – John Henry Pope was reelected in Compton on November 11, 1871, after being named Minister of Agriculture following Dunkin's resignation from Parliament. Ontario Electoral districtNamePartyFirst electedNo. of termsAddingtonJames LapumConservative18671st termAlgomaWemyss Mackenzie Simpson (to April 26, 1871) (appointed Indian Commissioner for Rupert's Land)Conservative18671st termFrederick William Cumberland (from June 30, 1871)Conservative18711st termBothwellDavid MillsLiberal18671st termBrant NorthJohn Young BownLiberal-Conservative18671st termBrant SouthEdmund Burke WoodLiberal18671st termBrockvilleJames CrawfordConservative18671st termBruce NorthAlexander SproatConservative18671st termBruce SouthFrancis HurdonConservative18671st termCardwellThomas Roberts FergusonConservative18671st termCarletonJohn HolmesLiberal-Conservative18671st termCornwallJohn Sandfield MacdonaldLiberal18671st termDundasJohn Sylvester RossLiberal-Conservative18671st termDurham EastFrancis H. BurtonConservative18671st termDurham WestEdward BlakeLiberal18671st termElgin EastThomas William DobbieConservative18671st termElgin WestJohn H. MunroeConservative18671st termEssexJohn O'ConnorConservative18671st termFrontenacThomas Kirkpatrick (to March 26, 1870) (death)Conservative18671st termGeorge Airey Kirkpatrick (from April 27, 1870)Conservative18701st termGlengarryDonald Alexander MacdonaldLiberal18671st termGrenville SouthWalter ShanlyConservative18671st termGrey NorthGeorge SniderLiberal18671st termGrey SouthGeorge JacksonConservative18671st termHaldimandDavid ThompsonLiberal18671st termHaltonJohn WhiteLiberal18671st termHamiltonCharles MagillLiberal18671st termHastings EastRobert Read (to February 24, 1871) (appointed to Senate)Conservative18671st termJohn White (from March 20, 1871)Conservative18711st termHastings NorthMackenzie BowellConservative18671st termHastings WestJames BrownConservative18671st termHuron NorthJoseph WhiteheadLiberal18671st termHuron SouthMalcolm Colin CameronLiberal18671st termKentRufus StephensonConservative18671st termKingstonThe Right Honourable Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of CanadaLiberal-Conservative18671st termLambtonAlexander MackenzieLiberal18671st termLanark NorthWilliam C.B. McDougallLiberal-Conservative18671st termLanark SouthAlexander Morris6Conservative18671st termLeeds North and Grenville NorthFrancis JonesConservative18671st termLeeds SouthJohn Willoughby CrawfordConservative18671st termLennoxRichard John CartwrightConservative18671st termLiberalLincolnJames Rea Benson (to March 14, 1868) (appointed to the Senate)Liberal-Conservative18671st termThomas Rodman Merritt (from April 13, 1868)Liberal18681st termLondonJohn CarlingLiberal-Conservative18671st termMiddlesex EastCrowell WillsonLiberal-Conservative18671st termMiddlesex NorthThomas ScatcherdLiberal18671st termMiddlesex WestAngus Peter McDonaldConservative18671st termMonckLachlin McCallumLiberal-Conservative18671st termNiagaraAngus MorrisonConservative18671st termNorfolk NorthAquila WalshConservative18671st termNorfolk SouthPeter LawsonLiberal18671st termNorthumberland EastJoseph KeelerLiberal-Conservative18671st termNorthumberland WestJames Cockburn (†) SpeakerConservative18671st termOntario NorthJohn Hall ThompsonLiberal18671st termOntario SouthThomas Nicholson GibbsLiberal-Conservative18671st termOttawa (City of)Joseph Merrill CurrierLiberal-Conservative18671st termOxford NorthThomas OliverLiberal18671st termOxford SouthEbenezer Vining BodwellLiberal18671st termPeelJohn Hillyard CameronConservative18671st termPerth NorthJames RedfordLiberal18671st termPerth SouthRobert MacFarlaneLiberal18671st termPeterborough EastPeregrine Maitland GroverConservative18671st termPeterborough WestCharles PerryConservative18671st termPrescottAlbert HagarLiberal18671st termPrince EdwardWalter RossLiberal18671st termRenfrew NorthJohn Rankin (to October 12, 1869) (resigned)Conservative18671st termFrancis Hincks (from November 13, 1869)Liberal-Conservative18691st termRenfrew SouthDaniel McLachlin (to June 3, 1869) (resigned)Liberal18671st termJohn Lorn McDougall (from July 12, 1869)Liberal18691st termRussellJames Alexander GrantConservative18671st termSimcoe NorthThomas David McConkeyLiberal18671st termSimcoe SouthWilliam Carruthers LittleLiberal-Conservative18671st termStormontSamuel AultLiberal-Conservative18671st termToronto EastJames BeatyConservative18671st termToronto WestRobert Alexander HarrisonConservative18671st termVictoria NorthJohn MorisonLiberal18671st termVictoria SouthGeorge KemptLiberal18671st termWaterloo NorthIsaac Erb BowmanLiberal18671st termWaterloo SouthJames YoungLiberal18671st termWellandThomas Clark StreetConservative18671st termWellington CentreThomas Sutherland Parker (to October 24, 1868) (death)Liberal18671st termJames Ross (from January 18, 1869)Liberal18691st termWellington NorthGeorge Alexander DrewLiberal-Conservative18671st termWellington SouthDavid StirtonLiberal18671st termWentworth NorthJames McMoniesLiberal18671st termWentworth SouthJoseph RymalLiberal18671st termYork EastJames MetcalfeLiberal18671st termYork NorthJames Pearson WellsLiberal18671st termYork WestWilliam Pearce Howland (to July 14, 1868) (appointed Lieutenant Governor of Ontario)Liberal-Conservative18671st termAmos Wright (from August 14, 1868)Liberal18671st term Note: 6 – One Ontario MP, Alexander Morris, recontested his seat in a byelection. He was reelected in Lanark South on November 29, 1869, after being appointed Minister of Inland Revenue. Manitoba Manitoba joined Confederation in 1870. Byelections to choose Manitoba's representatives were held on March 2 and March 3, 1871. Electoral districtNamePartyFirst electedNo. of termsLisgarJohn Christian Schultz (from March 2, 1871)Conservative18711st termMarquette*(both candidates declared elected due to a tie)James S. Lynch (from March 2, 1871)Liberal18711st termAngus McKay (from March 2, 1871)Conservative18711st termSelkirkDonald Alexander Smith (from March 2, 1871)Independent Conservative18711st termProvencherPierre Delorme (from March 3, 1871)Conservative18711st term British Columbia British Columbia joined Confederation in 1871. Byelections to choose the province's MPs were held in November and December of that year. Electoral districtNamePartyFirst electedNo. of termsCariboo DistrictJoshua Spencer Thompson (from December 19, 1871)Liberal-Conservative18711st termNew Westminster DistrictHugh Nelson (from December 13, 1871)Liberal-Conservative18711st termVancouverRobert Wallace (from December 15, 1871)Conservative18711st termVictoria*Amor De Cosmos (from November 24, 1871)Liberal18711st termHenry Nathan, Jr. (from November 24, 1871)Liberal18711st termYale DistrictCharles Frederick Houghton (from December 19, 1871)Liberal18711st term Victoria was a two-seat riding. Senate Senators summoned to the 1st Parliament Following is a full list of members of the Senate in the first Parliament, organised by senatorial division. Senator Joseph-Édouard Cauchon was the speaker of the Senate during the 1st Parliament, except for nine days in 1869 and two days in 1872.Library of Parliament: ParlInfo: Speakers of the Senate. Names of senators who were members of the federal Cabinet are italicised. Ontario Division NamePartyAppointed byOn advice ofDate appointedTerm ended CA Liberal-Conservative rowJames Cox AikinsLiberal-ConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867August 6, 1904fn1 Died in office. CA Liberal-Conservative rowGeorge William AllanConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867July 24, 1901fn1 CA Liberal rowOliver BlakeLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867December 10, 1873fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowAsa BurnhamConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867May 10, 1873fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowAlexander CampbellConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867February 7, 1887fn9 Resigned on appointment as Lieutenant Governor of Ontario. CA Liberal rowDavid ChristieLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867December 14, 1880fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowGeorge CrawfordConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867July 4, 1870fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowWalter DicksonConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867February 14, 1884fn3 Disqualified. Failed to attend Senate for two consecutive sessions of Parliament. CA Liberal rowAdam Fergusson BlairLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867December 29, 1867fn1 CA Liberal rowBilla FlintLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867June 15, 1894fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJohn HamiltonConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867October 10, 1882fn1 CA Liberal rowElijah LeonardLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867May 14, 1891fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowDavid MacphersonConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867August 16, 1896fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowRoderick MathesonConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867January 13, 1873 CA Liberal rowWalter McCreaLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867January 5, 1871fn7 Resigned on appointment to the District Court of Algoma. CA Liberal rowDonald McDonaldLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867January 20, 1879fn1 CA Liberal rowWilliam McMasterLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867September 22, 1887fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowSamuel MillsConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867January 24, 1874fn1 CA Liberal rowDavid ReesorLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867January 1, 1901fn2 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJohn RossConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867January 31, 1871fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowBenjamin SeymourConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867March 23, 1880fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJames ShawConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867February 6, 1878fn1 CA Liberal rowJohn SimpsonLiberalRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867March 21, 1885fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJames SkeadConservativeRoyal ProclamationMacdonald and BelleauOctober 23, 1867July 5, 1884fn1 Quebec Division NamePartyQuebec Senate divisionAppointed byOn advice ofDate appointedTerm ended CA Liberal-Conservative rowJoseph Armand ConservativeRepentignyRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867January 1, 1903fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowNarcisse BelleauConservativeStadaconaRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867October 23, 1867fn5 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJoseph-Noël BosséConservativeDe la DurantayeRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867January 23, 1868fn4 Resigned on appointment to Superior Court of Quebec. CA Liberal rowJacques-Olivier BureauLiberalDe LorimierRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867February 7, 1883fn1 CA Liberal rowWilliam Henry ChaffersLiberalRougemontRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867July 19, 1894fn1 CA Liberal rowCharles CormierLiberalKennebecRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867May 7, 1887fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowAntoine Juchereau DuchesnayConservativeLa SalleRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867January 7, 1871fn2 Resigned from Senate. CA Liberal-Conservative rowElzéar H.J. DuchesnayConservativeLauzonRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867May 12, 1871fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowLéandre DumouchelConservativeMille IslesRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867September 24, 1882fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJames FerrierConservativeShawiniganRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867May 30, 1888fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowAsa FosterConservativeBedfordRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867February 10, 1876fn10 Resigned on bankruptcy. CA Liberal-Conservative rowJean-Baptiste GuévremontConservativeSaurelRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867June 14, 1896fn2 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJohn HamiltonConservativeInkermanRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867May 5, 1887fn2 CA Liberal-Conservative rowLouis LacosteConservativeMontarvilleRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867November 26, 1878fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJames LeslieConservativeAlmaRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867December 6, 1873fn1 CA Liberal rowLuc Letellier de St-JustLiberalGrandvilleRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867December 14, 1876fn5 Resigned on appointment as Lieutenant Governor of Quebec. CA Liberal rowCharles MalhiotLiberalDe la VallièreRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867November 9, 1874fn1 CA Liberal rowLouis Auguste OlivierLiberalDe LanaudièreRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867September 8, 1873fn4 CA Liberal-Conservative rowDavid Edward PriceConservativeThe LaurentidesRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867August 3, 1883fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowLouis RenaudConservativeDe SalaberryRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867October 30, 1873fn2 CA Liberal-Conservative rowThomas RyanLiberal-ConservativeVictoriaRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867May 25, 1889fn1 CA Liberal rowJohn SanbornLiberalWellingtonRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867October 12, 1872fn4 CA Liberal rowUlric TessierLiberalGulfRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867February 11, 1873fn4 CA Liberal-Conservative rowCharles WilsonConservativeRigaudRoyal ProclamationBelleau and MacdonaldOctober 23, 1867May 4, 1877fn1 Maritime Division NamePartyProvinceAppointed byOn advice ofDate appointedTerm ended CA Liberal rowJohn AndersonLiberalNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867December 24, 1870fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowThomas ArchibaldLiberal-ConservativeNova Scotia Royal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867October 18, 1890fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowCaleb BillLiberal-ConservativeNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867February 1, 1872fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowAmos BotsfordConservativeNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867March 18, 1894fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJohn BourinotLiberal-ConservativeNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867January 19, 1884fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowRobert DickeyConservativeNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867July 14, 1903fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJohn FergusonConservativeNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867August 21, 1888fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowRobert HazenConservativeNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867August 15, 1874fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJohn HolmesConservativeNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867June 3, 1876fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowEdward KennyConservativeNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867April 11, 1876fn2 CA Liberal rowJohn LockeLiberalNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867December 12, 1873fn1 CA Liberal rowAbner McClelanLiberalNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867December 9, 1896fn6 Resigned on appointment as Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick. CA Liberal rowJonathan McCullyLiberalNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867September 28, 1870fn8 Resigned on appointment to the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia. CA Liberal-Conservative rowWilliam MillerLiberal-ConservativeNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867February 23, 1912fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowPeter MitchellLiberal-ConservativeNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867July 13, 1872fn11 Resigned from Senate to stand for election to the House of Commons. CA Liberal-Conservative rowWilliam OdellConservativeNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867July 25, 1891fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowJohn RitchieConservativeNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867September 28, 1870fn8 CA Liberal rowJohn RobertsonLiberalNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867August 3, 1876fn1 CA Liberal rowWilliam SteevesLiberalNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867December 9, 1873fn1 CA Liberal rowDavid WarkLiberalNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867August 20, 1905fn1 CA Liberal rowBenjamin WierLiberalNova ScotiaRoyal ProclamationTupperOctober 23, 1867April 14, 1868fn1 CA Liberal-Conservative rowRobert WilmotConservativeNew BrunswickRoyal ProclamationMitchellOctober 23, 1867February 10, 1880fn6 Notes Senators appointed during the 1st Parliament Parliament of Canada Senators: 1st Parliament of Canada http://www.parl.gc.ca/Parlinfo/lists/senators.aspx?Parliament=c71b65a3-05fa-4e52-8d61-7cba67362e87&Name=&Party=&Province=&Gender=&Current=False&PrimeMinister=&TermEnd=&Ministry=&Picture=False February 9, 2012NamePartyProvince (Division)Date appointedAppointed byOn the Advice ofLeft officeReasonCA Independent_Conservative row Joseph-Édouard CauchonIndependent ConservativeQuebec (Stadacona)November 2, 1867Viscount MonckMacdonaldJune 30, 1872Resignation CA Conservative rowJean-Charles ChapaisConservativeQuebec (De la Durantaye)January 30, 1868Viscount MonckMacdonaldCA Conservative rowJames Rea BensonLiberal-ConservativeOntarioMarch 14, 1868Viscount MonckMacdonaldCA Liberal rowJames DeverLiberalNew BrunswickMarch 14, 1868Viscount MonckMacdonaldCA Liberal rowJohn GlasierLiberalNew BrunswickMarch 14, 1868Viscount MonckMacdonaldCA Conservative rowArchibald McLelanLiberal-ConservativeNova ScotiaJune 21, 1869Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowAlexander MacfarlaneConservativeNova ScotiaOctober 10, 1870Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Liberal rowJeremiah NorthupLiberalNova ScotiaOctober 10, 1870Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowEbenezer PerryConservativeOntarioFebruary 2, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowFrank SmithConservativeOntarioFebruary 2, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowEzra ChurchillLiberal-ConservativeNova ScotiaFebruary 3, 2871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowLouis PanetConservativeQuebec (La Salle)February 10, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowRobert ReadConservativeOntarioFebruary 24, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowRobert William Weir CarrallConservativeBritish ColumbiaDecember 13, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowClement Francis CornwallConservativeBritish ColumbiaDecember 13, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowAlexandre-René Chaussegros de LéryConservativeQuebec (Lauzon)December 13, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowMarc-Amable GirardConservativeManitobaDecember 13, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowWilliam John MacdonaldConservativeBritish ColumbiaDecember 13, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Independent_Conservative rowJohn SutherlandIndependent ConservativeManitobaDecember 13, 1871Baron LisgarMacdonaldCA Conservative rowHenry Adolphus Newman KaulbackConservativeNova ScotiaMarch 27, 1872Baron LisgarMacdonald Senators in bold were cabinet ministers during the 1st Parliament Parliamentary term and sessions Parliament & Session General Election Dates Return of the Writs Opening Date Last Sitting Day Prorogation Dissolution 1st Parliament August 7 to September 20, 1867 September 24, 1867—-- July 8, 1872 1st Session—— November 6, 1867 May 22, 1868 May 22, 1868— 2nd Session—— April 15, 1869 June 22, 1869 June 22, 1869— 3rd Session—— February 15, 1870 May 12, 1870 May 12, 1870— 4th Session—— February 15, 1871 April 14, 1871 April 14, 1871— 5th Session—— April 11, 1872 June 14, 1872 June 14, 1872—Source: House of Commons Procedure and PracticeJanse and LeBlanc (eds.), House of Commons Procedure and Practice, Appendix 13: Parliaments Since 1867 and Number of Sitting Days. Pre-Confederation predecessors ColonyAssemblyProvince of Canada8th ParliamentNova Scotia22nd General AssemblyNew Brunswick21st Legislative AssemblyRed River ColonyLegislative Assembly of AssiniboiaColony of British ColumbiaLegislative Council of British Columbia By-elections to fill casual vacancies in the 1st Canadian Parliament By-elections to the 1st Canadian Parliament (This list does not include byelections held to fill new seats in Manitoba and British Columbia, as shown above) See also List of current Canadian senators References Works cited July 2022 Government of Canada Library of Parliament Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament 1st Parliament http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/house/mpsparl.asp?Language=E&parl=1 2006-11-30 https://web.archive.org/web/20061220074115/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/house/mpsparl.asp?Language=E 2006-12-20 dead Government of Canada Library of Parliament Senators: 1867 to Date: By Parliament 1st Parliament http://www.parl.gc.ca/Parlinfo/lists/senators.aspx?Parliament=c71b65a3-05fa-4e52-8d61-7cba67362e87&Name=&Party=&Province=&Gender=&Current=False&PrimeMinister=&TermEnd=&Ministry=&Picture=False February 9, 2012 Government of Canada Library of Parliament The Canadian Ministry in order of precedence (Current) Canadian Ministry (Cabinet) http://webinfo.parl.gc.ca/MembersOfParliament/MainCabinetCompleteList.aspx?TimePeriod=Current&Language=E December 1, 2006 https://web.archive.org/web/20100409181034/http://webinfo.parl.gc.ca/MembersOfParliament/MainCabinetCompleteList.aspx?TimePeriod=Current&Language=E April 9, 2010 dead Further reading Hodgins William Egerton Correspondence, reports of the ministers of justice and orders in council upon the subject of Dominion and provincial legislation, 1867–1895 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche series / CIHM/ICMH collection de microfiches; no. 14543 1st Pub. 1896 2014 Canada. Department of Justice; Government Print Bureau Ottawa 978-0-665-14543-8 2027/aeu.ark:/13960/t3zs37z6q free External links Seating plan for the House of Commons, 1867 01st Canadian Parliament 01 Can 1 Can Can Can Can Can 1 Category:1867 establishments in Canada Category:1872 disestablishments in Canada