2012 South Korean legislative election

none November 2019 South Korea legislative 2008 South Korean legislative election 2008 11 April 2012 2016 South Korean legislative election 2016 List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2008–2012 List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2012–2016 All 300 seats in the National Assembly 151 54.24% (8.16pp; Const. votes)54.24% (8.16pp; PR votes) Constituency vote % and swing Regional vote % and swing Park Geun-hye presidential portrait.png Park Geun-hye Saenuri Party 167 seatsa Grand National Party and Future Hope Alliance 152 15 9,324,911 43.28% (3.87pp) 9,130,651 42.80% (7.86pp) Prime Minister Han Myeong-sook taking a commemorative photo with the Speaker of the National Assembly.jpg Han Myeong-sook Democratic United Party 81 seatsb as Democratic Party 127 46 8,156,045 37.85% (8.93pp) 7,777,123 36.46% ( 11.28pp) 70px70px70px Lee Jung-heeRhyu Si-minSim Sang-jung Unified Progressive Party 5 seatsc as Democratic Labor Party 13 8 1,291,306 5.99% (2.60pp) 2,198,405 10.31% (4.63pp) Sim Dae-pyung Liberty Forward 18 seats 5 13 474,001 2.20% (3.52pp) 690,754 3.24% (3.61pp) 2012 South Korean legislative election.svg 300px Results of the election. Speaker Chung Eui-hwa Saenuri Party Kang Chang-hee Saenuri Party Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 11 April 2012. The election was won by the ruling Saenuri or New Frontier Party, which renewed its majority in the National Assembly,http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2012/04/11/59/0301000000AEN20120411004356315F.HTML S. Korea's ruling party pulls off upset victory in crucial general elections Yonhap News Agency 11 April 2012 11 April 2012 despite losing seats. The election was read as a bellwether for the presidential election to be held later in the year. The result confounded exit polls and media analysis, which had predicted a closer outcome.Odds & Ends A Day After The Election. The Wall Street Journal, 12 April 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2012. Background The South Korean National Assembly consists of 246 directly elected seats and 54 nationwide proportional representation seats chosen under an FPTP-PR parallel voting system.http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2012/04/09/2012040900174.html (총선 D-2) 비례대표 의석(총 54석) 전망도 새누리·민주 초박빙 ko The Chosun Ilbo 9 April 2012 13 April 2012 Hong Yeong-rim (홍영림) (Election D-2) Block seat (total 54 seats) prediction: NFP and DUP are neck in neck. Proportional seats were only available to parties which one three percent of the national valid vote among seat-allocated parties and/or won five or more constituency seats. In South Korea's presidential system, the head of state controls the executive, but the loss of control in congress could have hampered President Lee's ability to govern alone.Sangwon Yoon S. Korea Ruling Party Risks Election Loss Bloomberg Businessweek 11 April 2012 http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-04-05/south-korea-ruling-party-risks-parliament-election-loss https://web.archive.org/web/20120407101155/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-04-05/south-korea-ruling-party-risks-parliament-election-loss dead 7 April 2012 Political parties List of political parties in South Korea Parties Leader Ideology Seats Status Last election Before election Saenuri Party Park Geun-hye Conservatism 153 299 Grand National Partyas Grand National Party 163 299 Saenuri Party rowspan="2" Government 14 299 Future Hope AllianceFuture Hope Alliance Democratic United Party Han Myeong-sook Liberalism 81 299 Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)b as Democratic Party 79 299 Democratic United Party Opposition Liberty Forward Party Lee Hoi-chang Conservatism 18 299 Liberty Forward Party 13 299 Liberty Forward Party Opposition Unified Progressive Party Lee Jung-heeRhyu Si-minSim Sang-jung Progressivism 5 299 Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)c as Democratic Labor Party 7 299 Unified Progressive Party Opposition Creative Korea Party Han Myeon-hee Centrist reformism 3 299 Creative Korea Party 0 299 Creative Korea Party Opposition Four parties won seats in the 2012 election: Saenuri Party (ko 새누리당, Saenuri-dang), led by Park Geun-hye. The largest conservative party and incumbent government. Formerly name the Grand National Party,The South: Busy at the polls. Asia Times, 2 April 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012. the party was renamed in February after a period of internal crisis in which an Emergency Response Commission assumed control of the party.Ruling party`s emergency committee. The Dong-A Ilbo, 17 December 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2012.https://archive.today/20120709113533/http://koreajoongangdaily.joinsmsn.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2947885 Rebranding GNP picks Saenuri as new name. Korea Joongang Daily, 3 February 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012. Democratic United Party (ko 민주통합당, Minju Tonghap-dang), led by Han Myeong-sook. The largest liberal party and principal opposition.South Korea's ruling party holds on to parliament. BBC News, 12 April 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012.Left-wing alliance a double-edged sword for main opposition. The Korea Herald, 12 April 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012. Liberty Forward Party (ko 자유선진당, Jayu Seonjin-dang), led by Sim Dae-pyung. The second-largest conservative party with its primary support base in Chungcheong.D-6: Election Race Outside Capital Region https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051732/http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=127643&code=Ne2&category=2 4 March 2016 . Arirang News, 11 April 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012. Unified Progressive Party (ko 통합진보당, Tonghap Jinbo-dang), led jointly by Rhyu Si-min, Lee Jung-hee, and Sim Sang-jeong.https://archive.today/20120719211544/http://mengnews.joinsmsn.com/view.aspx?gCat=010&aId=2949270 Will the UPP candidates stack up?. Korea Joongang Daily, 1 March 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012. The largest left-progressive party.http://allinkorea.net/sub_read.html?uid=24646&section=section13 ko:종북좌파세력 국회진출 저지 국민연대 Conservatives should united against the pro-North faction All-in Korea Hur Woo(허우) ko April 2012 12 April 2012 https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2012/04/116_108867.html Alliance benefits leftist party most The Korea Herald 12 April 2012 13 April 2012 Lee Tae-hoon The minor opposition United Progressive Party (UPP) won 13 seats ... elevating its status as the third largest parliamentary group. Other parties that put forward candidates included the left-wing New Progressive Party and the centre-right Korea Vision Party. The conservative parties were fragmented, particularly between Saenuri and the new KVP over the latter recruiting high-profile defected members of the incumbent party and those who were denied tickets in the election, which was also reflective of a division grew between Park's leadership and loyalists of Lee Myung-bak.Signs of conservatives' division deepen, The Korea Herald. 23 March 2012. However, the DUP–UPP coalition also came under strain due to irregularities in the UPP's primaries that involved co-leader Lee Jung-hee.Rift growing in opposition alliance, The Korea Herald. Retrieved 23 March 2012. Campaign Campaigning for the election officially began on 29 March, though party leaders toured the country beforehand to rally support for their bids.https://archive.today/20120708073926/http://english.kbs.co.kr/News/News/News_view.html?page=3&No=89143&id=Po Party Leaders Rally Support Ahead of Official Campaign. KBS, 26 March 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012. The international media suggested that the main issues in the campaign were economic, including inflation, educational and housing costs, unemployment and underemployment, the income gap, and social welfare, while the North Korean issue did not play a role. The opposition DUP tried to harness discontent with the incumbent Lee's administration, and called on the electorate to adjudge the election as a referendum on Lee's presidency.Choe Sang-hun South Koreans Vote in Parliamentary Elections The New York Times 11 April 2012 https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/12/world/asia/south-koreans-vote-in-parliamentary-elections.html The opposition coalition endeavored to depict the ruling party as unsocial and favoring the rich, while promising to create jobs.Polls open in S Korean election Sky News 11 April 2012 http://www.skynews.com.au/politics/article.aspx?id=738514&vId= The incumbent government emphasised the threat of North Korea and made the case for continuing their hard line towards the northern neighbour and maintaining a close alliance with the United States. They accused the opposition of jeopardising the free trade agreement with the U.S. The DUP had demanded renegotiation of the treaty and threatened to cancel it in case of the United States' refusal to negotiate. The international media highlighted the candidacy of Cho Myung-chul, a professor who defected from North Korea in 1994.Paula Hancocks North Korean defector stands for South Korean election CNN 11 April 2012 https://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/10/world/asia/north-korea-defector/Lim Yun Suk South Korea set to elect first defector lawmaker Channel News Asia 11 April 2012 http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/eastasia/view/1194438/1/.html 11 April 2012 13 April 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20120413155744/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/eastasia/view/1194438/1/.html dead In its newspaper Rodong Sinmun, the North Korean Workers' Party called on the electorate to vote out the incumbent government: "Young voters, students and people must deliver a crushing defeat to the traitors." Scandals After accusations of unauthorized government surveillance surfaced, legislators called for an investigation, while the ruling party accused the previous government of doing the same. The presidential office published an analysis stating that 84% of the recorded incidents had taken place under the previous administration of Roh Moo-hyun.Exploitation of illegal surveillance scandal. The Dong-A Ilbo, 2 April 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2012. A post-election analysis by polling institute Realmeter showed that the ruling party's handling of scandal was effective, and that the surveillance scandal didn't affect voters' decision much.여론조사 공표금지 기간 전후, 총선 다큐멘터리 10일. Realmeter, 23 April 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2012. A DUP candidate, Kim Yong-min ko 김용민 (1974년), was also accused of having made numerous offensive comments on the podcast-talk-show Naneun Ggomsuda,https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2012/04/116_108560.html 'Bad-boy' hopeful refuses to bow out The Korea Times 8 April 2012 12 April 2012 Lee, Tae-hoon for which he apologized but refused to rescind his candidacy, despite the DUP leadership advising him to do so.https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2012/04/116_108429.html Foul-mouthed podcaster hangs on to candidacy 4 May 2012 13 April 2012 Park Si-soo The Korea Timeshttp://www.koreaherald.com/national/Detail.jsp?newsMLId=20120408000155 Disgraced candidate vows to finish race 8 April 2012 13 April 2012 The Korea Herald Lee Sun-young Kim subsequently failed to win his seat in the election.http://koreajoongangdaily.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2951401 Kim's mouth cost him election 13 April 2012 13 April 2012 Korea JoongAng Daily usurped https://archive.today/20120710010157/http://koreajoongangdaily.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2951401 10 July 2012 dmy-all Opinion polling Polls were barred in the final week of the election, just before indications suggested the two largest parties would get somewhere between 130 and 135 seats each. A high turnout, particularly with the youth, was seen as beneficial to the opposition.http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia-pacific/2012/04/20124110199508413.html South Korea votes in closely contested poll Al Jazeera English 11 April 2012 13 April 2012 Institute DateSaenuri(SP)Democratic United(DUP)Unified Progressive(UPP)Liberty Forward(LFP)Korea Vision(KVP)New Progressive(NPP) Realmeterhttp://article.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=6987326&cloc=rss%7Cnews%7Cpolitics https://archive.today/20120707071640/http://article.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=6987326&cloc=rss%7Cnews%7Cpolitics usurped 2012-07-07 ko:박근혜, 대선 다자대결 구도서 27.1%로 1위(NFP leader Park Geun Hye ranked first with 27.1% popularity in a poll) ko Korea JoongAng Daily 26 December 2011 13 April 2012 23 December 2011 31.2% 30.9% 6.1% 2.2% – 1.3% Realmeterhttp://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?artid=201201161516051&code=910100 ko:문재인, 여론조사서 지지율 14.6%로 올라 Moon Jae-in's popularity soared at 14.6% 16 January 2012 14 April 2012 Son Bong-seok (손봉석) Kyunghyang Shinmun 13 January 2012 29.5% 34.7% 3.2% 2.4% – 1.8% RealmeterRealmeter.net. Realmeter. Jan.25–27, 2012 30.3% 37.1% 4.0% 2.0% – 1.0% Realmeter Jan.30–Feb.2, 2012 32.9% 36.9% 3.9% 1.5% – 0.9% Realmeter Feb.6–10, 2012 33.9% 35.8% 4.2% 2.4% – 0.8% Hankyoreh / KSOIhttp://asiancorrespondent.com/76963/south-korean-conservatives-show-renewed-strength-ahead-of-april-elections/ South Korean conservatives show renewed strength ahead of April elections Andy Jackson Asiancorrespondent.com 28 February 2012 6 March 2012 When asked which party they would vote for in the April 11 general election, 38.2% of respondents said the SP, and 32.9% that they would vote for the DUP. These were followed by the Unified Progressive Party with 3.1%, the Liberty Forward Party with 1.7%, K Party with 1.5% and the New Progressive Party with 1.1%. 4 March 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20120304160901/http://asiancorrespondent.com/76963/south-korean-conservatives-show-renewed-strength-ahead-of-april-elections/ dead Feb.24–25, 2012 38.2% 32.9% 3.1% 1.7% 1.5% 1.1% Realmeter Feb.27–Mar.2, 2012 36.3% 36.3% 6.1% 1.7% 0.4% – Realmeter 5–9 March 2012 40.3% 32.7% 4.8% 2.3% – – KBShttp://english.kbs.co.kr/News/News/News_view.html?No=88836&id=Po https://archive.today/20120709033043/http://english.kbs.co.kr/News/News/News_view.html?No=88836&id=Po dead 9 July 2012 KBS Survey: NFP, DUP in Close Contest in Approval Ratings Korean Broadcasting System 13 March 2012 13 April 2012nb2 [nb 2] 10–11 March 2012 34.1% 35.4% 3.6% 1.7% – – Realmeter 12–16 March 2012 39.4% 33.7% 5.7% 2.3% – – Realmeter 19–23 March 2012 37.4% 33.3% 7.5% 2.1% – – Realmeterhttp://www.realmeter.net/issue/view.asp?Table_Name=s_news1&N_Num=391&file_name=20120402120317.htm&Cpage=1 ko:핵안보 정상회담으로 당청 지지율 반등 Nuclear Security Summit boosted ruling party's approval rate 2 April 2012 13 April 2012 ko 26–30 March 2012 39.8% 30.5% 8.1% 2.3% – – Realmeterhttp://www.realmeter.net/issue/view.asp?Table_Name=s_news2&N_Num=804&file_name=20120329121950.htm&Cpage=1 ko:비례대표 정당지지, 새누리 38%, 민주 31%, 통진 12% Party poll: Saenuri 38%, DUP 31%, UPP 12% 29 March 2012 13 April 2012nb3 [nb 3] 28 March 2012 37.8% 30.5% 12.1% 2.3% 1.9% 1.6% Hankyoreh / KSOIhttp://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_national/526297.html Opposition makes slight comeback in general election advance poll 2 April 2012 13 April 2012 The Hankyoreh Son Won-je 31 March 2012 38.3% 33.5% 7.2% 2.4% 0.3% 1.0% Research Viewhttp://www.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/view/at_pg.aspx?CNTN_CD=A0001716207&CMPT_CD=E0942 ko:투표의향, 새누리당 41.5%-야권단일 37.5%-기타 7.6%. 비례대표, 새누리 27 민주 18 통합진보 6 선진 2석 Which party will you support in the election? NFP 41.5%, DUP-UPP coalition 37.5%, others 7.6%. Block seats: NFP 27, DUP 18, UPP 6, LFP 2 OhmyNews 2 April 2012 13 April 2012 Kim Dang koSee reliable sources list on WP:KO/RS March 2025 1 April 2012 42.3% 29.5% 9.7% 3.9% 1.1% 2.1% Results List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2012–2016 The voting centres were open from 6:00−18:00. Voting occurred via electronic ballot counting and scanning that gave an instantaneous result.http://blogs.aljazeera.net/asia/2012/04/12/tale-two-koreas A tale of two Koreas Al Jazeera Blogs Harry Fawcett 12 April 2012 15 April 2012 Cho Myung-chul's successful candidature was the first time that one of the 23 thousand North Korean refugees living in the South was elected to the National Assembly. #f8f9fa 13 Unified Progressive Party 127 Democratic United Party 5 Liberty Forward Party 152 Saenuri Party 3 Independent Proportional Constituency Saenuri Party 9130651 25 9324911 127 152 –15 Democratic United Party 7777123 21 8156045 106 127 +46 Unified Progressive Party 2198405 6 1291306 7 13 +8 Liberty Forward Party 690754 2 474001 3 5 –13 Christian Liberal Democratic Party ko 기독자유민주당 257190 0 2241 0 0 0 New Progressive Party 243065 0 101614 0 0 0 Hannara Party 181822 0 454 0 0 New Korea Vision Party 156241 0 44379 0 0 New Pro-Park United ko 국가재건친박연합 134898 0 25302 0 0 New Green Party Korea 103842 0 4843 0 0 New Creative Korea Party 91935 0 3624 0 0 –3 Youth Party 73194 0 5569 0 0 New Let's Go! People-Centered Party 60428 0 0 New Korean Christian Party 54332 0 0 New Authentic Democratic Party 48648 0 71867 0 0 New United Buddhist Party 36262 0 68 0 0 New People's Happiness Party ko 국민행복당 (2011년) 35846 0 18028 0 0 New Party for Culture and Art 23330 0 0 0 Future Union ko 미래연합 19962 0 5403 0 0 New Great Korea Party 14133 0 887 0 0 New Democratic Unification Party 524 0 0 New People's Power 153 0 0 New Independents 2014777 3 3 –22 +1 474737 246855 40205055 40181623 NEC, CLEA, IPU By city/province + Constituency results by city/province Region Saenuri DUP UPP LFP Ind. Totalseats Seats % Seats % Seats % Seats % Seats % Seoul 16 44.4 30 45.4 2 3.4 0 0.4 0 4.6 48 Busan 16 49.9 2 34.6 0 4.7 0 0.1 0 9.7 18 Daegu 12 60.3 0 16.6 0 4.5 0 0.7 0 16.5 12 Incheon 6 47.2 6 44.7 0 3.0 0 1.2 0 2.7 12 Gwangju 0 5.2 6 49.4 1 21.5 0 0.1 1 22.9 8 Daejeon 3 35.3 3 36.8 0 4.0 0 22.4 0 0.8 6 Ulsan 6 54.3 0 13.5 0 26.0 0 0.3 0 4.7 6 Sejong 0 13.9 1 47.9 – 0 33.8 0 4.4 1 Gyeonggi 21 46.1 29 43.6 2 4.3 0 0.1 0 4.8 52 Gangwon 9 52.8 0 37.2 0 1.0 0 0.4 0 8.1 9 North Chungcheong 5 50.1 3 38.0 0 3.8 0 3.6 0 4.1 8 South Chungcheong 4 36.5 3 32.7 0 2.1 3 27.4 0 0.8 10 North Jeolla 0 7.6 9 51.8 1 10.8 0 0.5 1 28.6 11 South Jeolla 0 3.5 10 56.7 1 17.5 – 0 22.0 11 North Gyeongsang 15 60.4 0 8.7 0 5.6 0 0.0 0 23.2 15 South Gyeongsang 14 51.5 1 18.4 0 10.5 0 0.1 1 16.7 16 Jeju 0 25.7 3 48.9 – 0 5.0 0 17.0 3 Total 127 43.3 106 37.9 7 6.0 3 2.2 3 9.4 246 + Party list vote results by city/provinces Region Saenuri DUP UPP LFP Other Seoul 42.3 38.2 10.6 2.1 6.9 Busan 51.3 31.8 8.4 1.9 6.6 Daegu 66.5 16.4 7.0 2.0 8.1 Incheon 42.9 37.7 9.7 2.6 7.1 Gwangju 5.5 68.9 18.6 1.0 5.9 Daejeon 34.3 33.7 9.0 17.9 5.1 Ulsan 49.5 25.2 16.3 1.6 7.4 Sejong 27.8 38.7 5.4 22.6 5.5 Gyeonggi 42.4 27.7 11.0 2.2 6.7 Gangwon 51.3 33.5 6.6 1.8 6.8 North Chungcheong 43.8 36.0 7.7 5.3 7.1 South Chungcheong 36.6 30.4 6.8 20.4 5.8 North Jeolla 9.6 65.6 14.2 1.4 9.2 South Jeolla 6.3 69.6 14.8 1.2 8.2 North Gyeongsang 69.0 13.4 6.2 1.4 9.9 South Gyeongsang 53.8 25.6 10.5 1.6 8.5 Jeju 38.5 39.5 12.4 2.0 7.6 Overall total 42.8 36.5 10.3 3.2 7.2 Seat allocation 25 21 6 2 0 Reactions and aftermath President Lee said that the "people made wise choices. The government will do its best to manage state affairs in a stable manner and take care of the people's livelihood". The DUP's secretary-general Park Sun-sook conceded the election and added: "The DUP failed to turn public calls for punishing the ... ruling party into reality. We apologise for disappointing supporters. We will sincerely think over what today's election means and try ceaselessly to be reborn as a party the people can lean and rely on." Sim Dae-pyung, leader of the Liberty Forward Party, announced his resignation after the party's poor performance.http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2012/04/12/33/0301000000AEN20120412004100315F.HTML Ruling party leader pledges new beginning after election win Yonhap News Agency 12 April 2012 15 April 2012 On 13 April, the DUP leader Han Myeong-sook announced her resignation on account of her party's defeat.https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2012/04/117_108895.html Opposition leader steps down over election defeat 13 April 2012 13 April 2012 The Korea Times See also List of members of the National Assembly (South Korea), 2012–2016 Notes 1.nb1 Comparison includes the Pro-Park Coalition, which split from and subsequently reintegrated with the Grand National Party. 2.nb2 This survey asked separate questions on party support and voting intention. The latter result is reported here. 3.nb3 This survey dealt specifically with seats allocated by proportional representation. References External links Korea Society Podcast: Korea's Legislative Elections: The Day AfterApril 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes , 12 April 2012 Category:Legislative elections in South Korea South Korea Legislative