1746 in science

none 1746 science 1746 The year 1746 in science and technology involved some significant events. Chemistry John Roebuck invents the lead-chamber process for the manufacture of sulfuric acid. German chemist Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1709–1782) is credited with describing zinc as a separate metal. Eva Ekeblad discovers how to make flour and alcohol out of potatoes.http://www.bgf.nu/ljus/u/ekeblad.html Biography (Swedish) 2011-04-07 https://web.archive.org/web/20160314010602/http://www.bgf.nu/ljus/u/ekeblad.html 2016-03-14 dead Geology Jean-Étienne Guettard presents the first mineralogical map of France to the French Academy of Sciences. William Cookworthy discovers kaolin in Cornwall.William Cookworthy 1705–1780: A Study of the Pioneer of True Porcelain Manufacture in England John Penderill-Church Truro Bradford Barton 1972 Mathematics Jean le Rond d'Alembert develops the theory of complex numbers. Patrick d'Arcy announces discovery of the principle of angular momentum in a form known as "the principle of areas" (areal velocity).M. le Chevalier D'Arcy Principe Géneral de Dynamique Mémoires de l'Académie des Sciences Paris 1747 348–356 Scottish mathematician Matthew Stewart publishes Some General Theorems of Considerable use in the Higher Parts of Mathematics, including an account of Stewart's theorem on the measurement of the triangle. Physics Pierre Louis Maupertuis reads before the Berlin Science Academy the paper Recherche des Lois du Mouvement. He claims that nature acts in such a way as to minimize the product of mass times velocity times distance, in an incomplete but seminal idea that derives in what is known today as the Principle of least action. Technology Pierre Bouguer publishes a treatise on naval architecture, Traité du navire, which first explains use of the metacentric height as a measure of ships' stability.Ferreiro Larrie D. Ships and Science: the Birth of Naval Architecture in the Scientific Revolution, 1600–1800 Cambridge MIT Press 2007 227 978-0-262-06259-6 John Muller publishes A Treatise Containing the Elementary Part of Fortification. Zoology Linnaeus publishes Fauna Svecica. Awards Copley Medal: Benjamin RobinsCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 21 July 2020 en Births January 4 – Benjamin Rush, Founding Father of the United States, chemist and physician (died 1813) March 7 – André Michaux, French botanist (died 1802) March 15 – Giovanni Battista Venturi, Italian physicist after whom the Venturi tube is named (died 1822) May 9 – Gaspard Monge, French mathematician and geometer (died 1818) July 16 – Giuseppe Piazzi, Italian Theatine monk, astronomer and mathematician (died 1826) July 30 – Louise du Pierry, French astronomer (died 1807) Isaac Swainson, English botanist (died 1812) Deaths June 14 – Colin Maclaurin, Scottish mathematician (born 1698) November 14 – Georg Steller, German naturalist (born 1709) References Category:18th century in science Category:1740s in science