1431 conclave

Election of Catholic Pope Eugene IV March 1431 2–3 March 1431 Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Papal States Giordano Orsini Antonio Panciera Alfonso Carrillo de Albornoz 1 Gabriele Condulmer Eugene IV Domenico di Bartolo, madonna della misericordia, 1444, 06(cropped).jpg 1417 Council of Constance 1447 1447 conclave The 1431 papal conclave (2–3 March) convened after the death of Pope Martin V and elected as his successor Cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name Eugene IV. It was the first papal conclave held after the end of the Great Western Schism. List of participants Pope Martin V died on 20 February 1431. At the time of his death, there were 20 publicly known members of the College of Cardinals, but only 18 were considered to be valid electors. Fourteen of them participated in the conclave:The list of participants is reconstructed according to the subscriptions on conclave capitulation, published in Annales Ecclesiastici, vol. 28, p. 90 Elector NationalityCardinalatial Title Elevated Elevator NotesGiordano OrsiniRomanBishop of Albano1405, June 12Pope Innocent VIIDean of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Grand penitentiaryAntonio Correr, O.C.R.S.A.VenetianBishop of Porto e Santa Rufina1408, May 9Pope Gregory XII (Cardinal-nephew)Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican BasilicaAntonio PancieraFriuliPriest of S. Susanna1411, June 6Antipope John XXIIIProtopriest of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Administrator of the suburbicarian see of FrascatiGabriel Condulmer, O.C.R.S.A. (elected Pope Eugene IV)VenetianPriest of S. Clemente1408, May 9Pope Gregory XII (Cardinal-nephew)Branda da CastiglioneDuchy of MilanPriest of S. Clemente1411, June 6Antipope John XXIIIJean de La RochetailléeFrenchPriest of S. Lorenzo in Lucina1426, May 24Pope Martin VAdministrator of Rouen and of Besançon; Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian BasilicaLouis Aleman, O.C.R.S.J.FrenchPriest of S. Cecilia1426, May 24Pope Martin VAdministrator of ArlesAntonio Casini fr sup SienaPriest of S. Marcello1426, May 24Pope Martin VAdministrator of GrossetoJuan de CervantesCastilianPriest of S. Pietro in Vincoli1426, May 24Pope Martin VAdministrator of TuiAlfonso Carrillo de AlbornozCastilianDeacon of S. Eustachio1408, September 22Antipope Benedict XIIIProtodeacon of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran Basilica; Administrator of Osma and of SigüenzaLucido ContiRomanDeacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin1411, June 6Antipope John XXIIICardinal-protector of the Teutonic Order; Camerlengo of the Sacred College of CardinalsHugues Lancelot de LusignanKingdom of CyprusDeacon of S. Adriano1426, May 24Pope Martin VAdministrator of NicosiaArdicino della PortaDuchy of MilanDeacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano1426, May 24Pope Martin VProspero ColonnaRomanDeacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro1426, May 24, published on November 8, 1430Pope Martin V (Cardinal-nephew) The Council of Constance confirmed the cardinals created by all three obediences of the time of the Schism. Seven participants were named cardinal by Pope Martin V, three by "Pisan" Antipope John XXIII, two by "Roman" Pope Gregory XII, one by "Roman" Pope Innocent VII and one by Antipope Benedict XIII of Avignon. Absentees Four electors did not participate in this conclave: Elector NationalityCardinalatial Title Elevated Elevator NotesPierre de Foix, O.F.M.FrenchCardinal-Priest of S. Stefano al Monte CelioSeptember, 1414Antipope John XXIIILegate in Avignon; administrator of CommingesNiccolo Albergati, O.Carth.BolognesePriest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme1426, May 24Pope Martin VAdministrator of Bologna; Papal legate in FranceHenry BeaufortEnglishPriest of S. Eusebio1426, May 24Pope Martin VAdministrator of Winchester; legate a latere in EnglandGiuliano CesariniRomanDeacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria1426, May 24, published on November 8, 1430Pope Martin VPapal legate in Germany All the absentee electors were created by Martin V, except Pierre de Foix, who was elevated by Pisan Antipope John XXIII. Non-electors Pope Martin V initiated the custom of creating cardinals without publishing their names at the time (similar to in pectore).March 2013 At the time of his death the names of two of his secret nominees remained unpublished and, therefore, they were not regarded as members of the Sacred College. They were : Juan Casanova, administrator of Elne, Guillaume Ragenel de Montfort, bishop of Saint-Malo, They both were later created again by Eugene IV. However, two cardinals also created initially in pectore but later published were not allowed to participate in this conclave, because some necessary rites had not been accomplished at the death of Martin V: Elector NationalityCardinalatial Title Elevated Elevator NotesDomingo Ram, O.C.R.S.A.CatalanPriest of SS. Giovanni e Paolo1426, May 24, published on November 8, 1430, but without finishing the rite of his investiture as cardinalPope Martin VAdministrator of LeridaDomenico CapranicaCapranica Prenestina, Papal StatesDeacon of S. Maria in Via Lata1426, May 24, published on November 8, 1430, but without finishing the rite of his investiture as cardinalPope Martin VAdministrator of Fermo; Governor of Perugia and of the Duchy of Spoleto The election of Pope Eugene IV thumb|Santa Maria sopra Minerva, site of the 1431 conclave. (1665 drawing; the obelisk at centre was added in the 17th century) The Mass of the Holy Spirit was sung on Thursday March 1, 1431 by Cardinal Giordano Orsini, the Bishop of Albano, prior Cardinalium. On March 2 all cardinals present in Rome entered the conclave in Santa Maria sopra MinervaFebruary 2016. On 2 March, the electors prepared and subscribed the conclave capitulation.A. Theiner (ed.), Caesaris S.R.E. Cardinalis Baronii Annales Ecclesiastici Tomus 28 (Bar-le-Duc 1874), under the year 1431, no. 7, p. 84. The terms of the Capitulation, which contained at least eight clauses,Gregorovius believed that the document as quoted was incomplete, History of Rome in the Middle Ages Volume VII. 1, p. 26. included: Half of papal revenue was to be shared with the College of Cardinals No major issues were to be decided without the consent of the College The first scrutiny took place on the following day, 3 March, and ended with unanimous election of Cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name of Eugene IV. On Sunday 11 March he was solemnly crowned on the steps of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica by Cardinal Alfonso Carrillo de Albornoz of S. Eustachio, the Cardinal Protodeacon. Notes Sources Francis Burkle-Young “Papal elections in the Fifteenth Century: the election of Eugenius IV Sede Vacante 1431 Annales ecclesiastici Konrad Eubel: Hierarchia Catholica, Vol. I-II, Monasterium 1913–1914 Bibliography F. Petruccelli della Gattina, Histoire diplomatique des conclaves Volume I (Paris: 1864), 236–252. William Cornwallis Cartwright, On the Constitution of Papal Conclaves (Edinburgh 1878) 125–129. Ferdinand Gregorovius, The History of Rome in the Middle Ages (translated from the fourth German edition by A. Hamilton) Volume 7 part 1 [Book XIII, Chapter 1] (London 1900) 22–26. Ludwig Pastor, History of the Popes (tr. R.F. Kerr) Volume I (St. Louis 1906). Peter Partner, The Papal State under Martin V (London 1958). collapsed Catholicism Christianity Vatican City y Biblical Studies/Christianity/Roman Catholicism/History y Category:Papal conclave y Category:Roman Catholic Church y Category:Popes y Category:Popes y Category:Christian History y Pope y 1431 Category:15th-century elections Category:1431 Category:1431 in Europe Category:15th century in Catholicism Category:15th century in Europe