1170s in England

none Events from the 1170s in England. Incumbents Monarch – Henry II Events 1170 April – Inquest of Sheriffs: Henry II looks into the financial dealings of local officials. 14 June – Henry II has his 15-year-old son Henry the Young King crowned by Roger, Archbishop of York, as junior king and heir to the English throne.Williams Hywel Cassell's Chronology of World History https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/126 registration London Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2005 0-304-35730-8 126–127 The coronation drives the Pope to allow the exiled Thomas Becket (whose privilege as Archbishop of Canterbury to crown monarchs has been infringed) to lay an interdict on England as punishment, and this threat forces Henry to negotiate with Becket. Sir William Marshal is appointed tutor-in-arms to Henry the Young King. 22 July – Becket controversy: Reconciliation between Henry II and Becket at Fréteval in Western France. 21 September – Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland: Following a siege, combined Anglo-Norman and Irish forces led by Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, seize the city of Dublin, forcing Ascall mac Ragnaill, last King of Dublin, into exile. November – Becket excommunicates three bishops. 1 December – Becket controversy: Henry II sends word that his conflict with Becket is at an end, and his lands will be restored. Becket returns to England, landing at Sandwich, Kent. 25 December – Becket preaches in Canterbury Cathedral. 29 December – murder of Thomas Becket by four of Henry II's knights – Reginald Fitzurse, Hugh de Morville, William de Tracy and Richard le Breton (who believe themselves to be carrying out the king's wishes) – inside Canterbury Cathedral, after his refusal to be arrested for breaking his agreement with Henry II. Earliest record of the making of Cheddar cheese in Somerset.According to a royal pipe roll. 1171 16 October – Henry II lands in Ireland and declares himself Lord of Ireland. 1172 17 April – Henry leaves Ireland, having received the support of the Church and princes for his claim. 21 May – in Avranches Cathedral, Henry II performs a ceremony of penance for the death of Becket. This leads to the Compromise of Avranches which absolves him from censure for the murder and ends the Becket controversy, reconciling him with the papacy.https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/becket_05.shtml https://archive.today/20120719014200/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/becket_05.shtml dead July 19, 2012 Becket, the Church and Henry II 2007-12-14 Summer – 14-year-old Prince Richard is formally recognized as duke of Aquitaine at a ceremony in Poitiers.Turner, Ralph; Heiser, Richard (2013). The Reign of Richard Lionheart: ruler of the Angevin empire, 1189-99. London: Routledge; Taylor and Francis. p. 57. 978-1-317-8904-23. 27 August – formal marriage and coronation of Henry the Young King, son of Henry II, and Margaret of France by Rotrou (archbishop of Rouen) at Winchester Cathedral.Alison Weir Eleanor of Aquitaine: A Life https://archive.org/details/eleanorofaquitai00weir registration Ballantine Books 1999 195W. L. Warren Henry II University of California Press 1973 29, 111, 506–9 Henry II and Humbert III, Count of Savoy, agree to the marriage of their respective heirs, John and Alicia, although the Revolt of 1173–1174 and death of Alicia prevent this from taking place. 1173 21 February – canonisation of Thomas Becket; his tomb at Canterbury becomes a shrine and popular pilgrimage destination. March – Henry the Young King withdraws to the French court, marking the beginning of the Revolt of 1173–1174, a dispute between King Henry II, his estranged wife Eleanor of Aquitaine and three of their sons over the territories they control. Eleanor is placed under de facto house arrest. William the Lion, King of Scotland, invades the North of England in support of the rebellion.The Oxford Popular History of Britain Morgan Kenneth O. Kenneth O. Morgan Parragon 1998 0-7525-2572-7 17 October – Revolt of 1173–74: Battle of Fornham – Flemish mercenaries under rebel leader Robert de Beaumont, Earl of Leicester, are defeated while fording the River Lark in Suffolk by the English royalists under Lord Richard de Lucy.Beeler John 1971 Warfare in Feudal Europe, 730–1200 104–105 Ithaca, NY Cornell University Press 0-8014-9120-7 Petronilla de Grandmesnil, Countess of Leicester, is present in armour. 1174 7 April – Richard of Dover enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury. 8 July – Henry the Young King and Eleanor of Aquitaine take ship for England from Barfleur. As soon as they disembark at Southampton, Eleanor is imprisoned in the care of Ralph fitzStephen, in which condition she remains until 1189. 12 July – Henry II does penance at Canterbury for the murder of Becket. 13 July – Battle of Alnwick: William I of Scotland is captured by Ranulf de Glanvill after attacking England in support of the revolt. 5 September – the choir of Canterbury Cathedral is destroyed by fire. 30 September – Treaty of Montlouis: the rebellion of Henry II's sons ends peacefully. 8 December – Treaty of Falaise signed between Henry II and William I of Scotland permits William's release in return for homage. Horse racing at Newmarket is first recorded, making it the earliest known racing venue of the post-classical era. 1175 Henry's son, Richard, begins to subjugate remaining rebels against English rule in Aquitaine. October – Treaty of Windsor: Henry II recognises Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair as High King of Ireland in return for payment of tribute. 1176 January – the Assize of Northampton passed, making criminal penalties more severe. Construction of the first stone-built London Bridge begins.The London Encyclopaedia Ben Weinreb Christopher Hibbert London Macmillan 1995 0-333-57688-8 1177 May – Council of Oxford: Henry II grants Cork and Limerick to English barons, provides for the administration of Leinster and makes his son, John of England, Lord of Ireland. He also grants lordships in Shropshire to his brother-in-law, Prince Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd. 21 September – Pact of Ivry: Non-aggression treaty between England and France, which also lays the foundations for the Third Crusade. Byland Abbey is established on its final site in Yorkshire by the Cistercians. Abbas Benedictus becomes abbot of Peterborough. Possible date – Richard FitzNeal begins to write his treatise Dialogus de Scaccario ("Dialogue concerning the Exchequer"). 1178 Foundation of the first Carthusian abbey in England, at Witham in Somerset. 1179 April – establishment of the Grand Assize, using a jury to decide legal claims over property ownership, instead of trial by combat.Palmer Alan Palmer Veronica 1992 The Chronology of British History Century Ltd London 69–72 0-7126-5616-2 Richard completes the subjugation of Aquitaine. Preston, Lancashire, is granted a Guild Merchant charter by Henry II. Woodstock, Oxfordshire, is granted a market charter by Henry II. William the Englishman takes over the rebuilding of the choir and Trinity Chapel of Canterbury Cathedral after the previous architect, William of Sens, is injured in a fall, introducing the Early English Gothic style of architecture.Ian Sutton Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present London Thames & Hudson 1999 978-0-500-20316-3 registration https://archive.org/details/westernarchitect00sutt Westminster School is founded by the monks of Westminster Abbey. Births 1171 Matilda of Chester, Countess of Huntingdon (died 1233 in Scotland) 1172 Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester (died 1232) 1174 20 November(?) – Edmund of Abingdon, archbishop, sanctified (died 1240) 1175 Robert Grosseteste, statesman, theologian and bishop (approximate date; died 1253) 1176 Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (died 1220) 1177 Robert de Ros, baron (died 1226) Deaths 1170 29 December – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1118) 1171 8 August – Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester since 1129 (born 1111) 1173 Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford (born 1116) 1176 25 October – William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel, politician (born c. 1109) Rosamund Clifford, mistress of Henry II of England (born 1150) 1177 Before March – Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (born 1095) References