1 Chronicles 10

First Book of Chronicles, chapter 10 1 Chronicles 10 1 Chronicles 9 chapter 9 1 Chronicles 11 chapter 11 Books of Chronicles Old Testament 13 Ketuvim Leaf of I Chronicles (recto) (8675415344).jpg 250px 1 Chronicles 7:9-10:13. Vellum leaf from c. 1240 France, pearl script. 1 Chronicles 10 is the tenth chapter of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Chronicles in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.Ackroyd 1993 113Mathys 2007 268 The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in the late fifth or fourth century BCE.Ackroyd 1993 113–114 This chapter describes Saul's downfall and the reasons for his rejection by God.Mathys 2007 273 The whole chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingship of David (1 Chronicles 9:35 to 29:30).Ackroyd 1993 113 Text This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language. It is divided into 14 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Würthwein 1995 35-37 There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).Würthwein 1995 73–74 Old Testament references 1 Chronicles 10:1–14 9: 1 Samuel 31:1–13 9.Endres 2012 28 Death of Saul and his sons (10:1–10) This section marks the change of form in the Books of Chronicles from a list-based text to a more narrative description based on the historical documents such as the books of Samuel and the books of Kings, and additional materials to provide information on the legitimate Davidic kingdom.Mathys 2007 273 It begins with Saul's downfall to theologically link the whole exposition with the Babylonian Exile at the end.Mathys 2007 273 Verse 6 So Saul died, and his three sons, and all his house died together.1 Chronicles 10:6 KJV KJV Cross reference: 1 Samuel 31:6 9 "And all his house": this phrase is used instead of the words 'and his armor-bearer and all his men that same day' in 1 Samuel 31:6 9 to underline the fact that with Saul's death, his kingdom basically ended.Mathys 2007 273 The episode of Ishbaal's brief rule in 2 Samuel 2–4 9 is considered irrelevant to the Chronicler, although the name is mentioned in the genealogy of Saul (1 Chronicles 8:33-40 9; 1 Chronicles 9:39-40 9).Mathys 2007 273 Verse 10 And they put his armour in the house of their gods, and fastened his head in the temple of Dagon.1 Chronicles 10:10 KJV KJV Cross reference: 1 Samuel 31:10 9 According to 1 Samuel 31:10 9 Saul's armour was placed in the temple of Ashtaroth (Astarte) and his body fastened to the walls of Beth-shan.Mathys 2007 273 The Chronicler avoids naming foreign gods, with a few exceptions, such as Dagon.Mathys 2007 273 "Dagon": god of grain, one of the principal deities of the Philistines.Coogan 2007 593 Hebrew Bible The statue of Dagon lost its head and hands when the Philistines placed the ark of YHWH in a temple of Dagon (1 Samuel 5:4 9).Mathys 2007 273 The fate of Saul was also similar to that of Goliath (1 Samuel 17).Mathys 2007 273 Burial of Saul (10:11–14) thumb|Jabesh-Gileadites recover the bodies of Saul and his sons, Gustave Doré The narrative of Saul's burial is shorter than the account in 1 Samuel 31:11–13 9, omitting details such as the all-night walk of the valiant men from Jabesh Gilead to fetch Saul's body and the hanging of the corpses on the city walls of Beth-shan.Endres 2012 28–29 The Chronicler focuses more on Saul's rejection by God, giving no less than four reasons:Mathys 2007 273 Saul's transgression (NKJV/NRSV: 'unfaithfulness'): denoting religious crimes which lead to defeat and exile. He did not keep the word of God, a judgement as declared in Deuteronomy and Psalm 119, for instance. It may refer to crimes committed by Saul as reported in 1 Samuel 13 and 1 Chronicles 15, as the term 'kept' is found in 1 Samuel 13:13–14 9 and '[YHWH's] word' in 1 Samuel 15 (passim). He consulted a medium, an accusation which contains a pun as "Saul" (Hebrew: he שָׁא֗וּל) and "consult" ("enquire, inquire, ask"; Hebrew: he שָׁאַל) are made up of the same consonants in Hebrew.Mathys 2007 273 This refers to Saul's visit to the witch of Endor (1 Samuel 28). He did not seek the Lord, emphasizing the Chronicler's general attitude towards God.Mathys 2007 273 Verse 12 All the valiant men arose and took away the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons, and brought them to Jabesh. And they buried their bones under the oak in Jabesh and fasted seven days.1 Chronicles 10:12 ESV ESV Cross reference: 1 Samuel 31:12–13 The brave action of the men, marching from Jabesh-Gilead to Beth-Shan and back (about 13 mi one way), recalls the high point of Saul's leadership at the beginning of his reign when he saved the people of Jabesh-Gilead from foreign attacks (1 Samuel 11).Evans 2018 302 Verse 14 But he did not inquire of the Lord; therefore He killed him, and turned the kingdom over to David the son of Jesse.1 Chronicles 10:14 NKJV NKJV "Turned the kingdom over": The kingdom of Israel is 'at God's disposal', so the choice of kings belongs to God (cf. 1 Chronicles 28:2–5 9; 1 Chronicles 29:10–12 9).Coogan 2007 593 Hebrew BibleEndres 2012 29 See also 22em Chronology of the Bible David and Jonathan House of Saul Jabesh-Gilead Related Bible parts: 1 Samuel 11, 1 Samuel 13, 1 Samuel 14, 1 Samuel 15, 1 Samuel 28, 1 Samuel 31, 2 Samuel 1, 1 Chronicles 28, 1 Chronicles 29 References Sources Ackroyd Peter R Chronicles, Books of Metzger Bruce M Bruce M. Metzger Coogan Michael D The Oxford Companion to the Bible Oxford University Press 1993 978-0195046458 113–116 Bennett William The Expositor's Bible: The Books of Chronicles Litres 2018 978-5040825196 https://books.google.com/books?id=SZo3DwAAQBAJ Coogan Michael David Michael D. Coogan The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 Coogan Michael David Marc Zvi Brettler Carol Ann Newsom Pheme Perkins Augmented 3rd Oxford University Press 2007 9780195288810 https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ Endres John C. First and Second Chronicles Liturgical Press 2012 https://books.google.com/books?id=mtL0BSEv7i4C 9780814628447 Evans Paul 1-2 Samuel The Story of God Bible Commentary Tremper Longman Zondervan Academic 2018 978-0310490944 https://books.google.com/books?id=Uy8-DwAAQBAJ Hill Andrew E. First and Second Chronicles Zondervan 2003 https://books.google.com/books?id=Sv-LEqnF8Y4C 9780310206101 Mabie Frederick I. The Chronicler's Genealogical Survey of All Israel 1 and 2 Chronicles The Expositor's Bible Commentary Tremper Longman III David E Garland Zondervan 2017 267–308 978-0310531814 https://books.google.com/books?id=E8ESDgAAQBAJ December 6, 2019 Mathys H. P. 14. 1 and 2 Chronicles The Oxford Bible Commentary John Barton John Barton (theologian) John Muddiman John Muddiman Oxford University Press first (paperback) 2007 267–308 978-0199277186 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ February 6, 2019 Tuell Steven S. First and Second Chronicles Westminster John Knox Press 2012 978-0664238650 https://books.google.com/books?id=8RKvdfWsmvEC December 30, 2020 Würthwein Ernst Ernst Würthwein The Text of the Old Testament William B. Eerdmans Grand Rapids, MI 1995 Erroll F. Rhodes 0-8028-0788-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC January 26, 2019 External links Jewish translations: Divrei Hayamim I - I Chronicles - Chapter 10 (Judaica Press) translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org Christian translations: Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) First Book of Chronicles Chapter 10. Bible Gateway 10 Category:Dagon