1837 Valdivia earthquake

Earthquake and tsunami in Chile 1837 Valdivia earthquake November 7, 1837 Chile yes 8.8–9.5 w y...likely tsunami heights in 1837 falls between the highest levels reached by the 2010 tsunami and the lowest in 1960 along the same stretch of the Japanese coast (Fig.4a). According to the robust relationship inferred between the magnitudes of Chilean earthquakes and the amplitudes of their tsunamis in Japan (Carvajalet al., 2017), a range of ~1–2 m suggests that the magnitude of the 1837 earthquake was likely between Mw 8.8 and 9.5. This rough estimation also agrees with the tsunami magnitude of 91 4 assigned to the 1837 event by Abe (1979).Carvajal M. Cisternas M. Gubler A. Catalán P. Winckler P. Wesson P. 2017 Reexamination of the magnitudes for the 1906 and 1922 Chilean earthquakes using Japanese tsunami amplitudes: Implications for source depth constraints Journal of Geophysical Research 122 1 4–17 10.1002/2016JB013269 2017JGRB..122....4C free 10533/238858 free -39.813889 -73.245833 type:event_region:CL inline,title Chile yes 14 The 1837 Valdivia earthquake struck south-central Chile on November 7.Cisternas M. Carvajal M. Wesson R. Ely L.L. Gorigoitia N. 2018 Exploring the Historical Earthquakes Preceding the Giant 1960 Chile Earthquake in a Time-Dependent Seismogenic Zone Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 107 6 2664–2675 10.1785/0120170103 2017BuSSA.107.2664C https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1125&context=cotsfac subscription Together with earthquakes in 1575 and 1737 the earthquake is among the historical predecessors to the great 1960 earthquake. The rupture zone was roughly from Valdivia to the south. It was felt in the cities of Concepción, Valdivia and Ancud. The earthquake was also felt by the crew of whaling ships in Guafo Island and Chonos Archipelago. Various landslides were triggered in Chiloé and people are reported to have been thrown to the ground in Valdivia. In contrast in Concepción the shakings were moderate. As reported in various coastal localities the ground rose as a result of the earthquake. Decades later while surveying southern Chile's coasts Francisco Vidal Gormaz was told of islands that had been submerged and some that had emerged as a consequence of the earthquake. The earthquake caused a tsunami that struck Hawaii, what is now French Polynesia, and Japan. At Hilo, Hawaii, the tsunami destroyed 66 houses and caused the deaths of 14 inhabitants.Fisher S. Goff J. Cundy A. Sear D. 2023 A qualitative review of tsunamis in Hawaiʻi Natural Hazards 118 3 1797–1832 10.1007/s11069-023-06076-w free 2023NatHa.118.1797F In Japan the tsunami flooded rice fields, destroyed salmon traps and broke into salt evaporation ponds causing significant economic losses. See also 1835 Concepción earthquake Tenpō famine Notes References Category:Megathrust earthquakes in Chile Valdivia earthquake Valdivia earthquake Category:History of Los Ríos Region Category:History of Chiloé Category:19th-century tsunamis Category:1837 natural disasters Category:Tsunamis in Chile Category:Tsunamis in Japan Category:Tsunamis in the United States Category:November 1837 Category:1837 disasters in Chile