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1935 Philippine general election
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1935 Philippine general election Philippines 1919 presidential no September 16, 1935 1941 Philippine general election 1941 yes Presidential election presidential no 1941 Philippine presidential election 1941 Manuel L. Quezon (November 1942) (cropped).jpg 120 120 150 0 0 Manuel Quezon Nacionalista Party Sergio Osmeña 695,332 67.99% Emilio Aguinaldo ca. 1919 (Restored).jpg 120 120 150 0 0 Emilio Aguinaldo National Socialist Party (Philippines) Raymundo Melliza 179,349 17.54% The Most Rev. Gregorio L. Aglipay- Obispo Maximo I.jpg 120 120 150 0 0 Gregorio Aglipay Republican Party (Philippines) Norberto Nabong 148,010 14.47% President Manuel L. Quezon Nacionalista yes Vice presidential election presidential no 1941 Philippine vice presidential election 1941 File:Sergio Osmena photo.jpg Sergio Osmeña Nacionalista 1,445,897 90.24% File:Raymundo Melliza (cropped).jpg Raymundo Melliza National Socialist 70,899 7.59% File:Norberto Nabong.jpg Norberto Nabong Republican 51,443 5.50% Vice President Sergio Osmeña Nacionalista parliamentary yes National Assembly election 1934 1938 All 98 seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines 50 Manuel Roxas of Capiz, Primer Distrito (1923).jpg Manuel Roxas Capiz–1st Nacionalista–Democrata Pro-Independencia Nacionalista Democrata Pro-Independencia 19 0 Gil_Montilla.jpg Gil Montilla Negros Occidental's–3rd Nacionalista–Democratico Nacionalista Democratico 64 6 Speaker Quintín Paredes Nacionalista Democratico Gil Montilla Nacionalista Democratico
The 1935 Philippine general election was the first general election of the Commonwealth of the Philippines. This was also the first direct election of the President of the Philippines and Vice President of the Philippines, positions created by the 1935 constitution. Furthermore, members of the National Assembly of the Philippines, that replaced the Philippine Legislature were elected.
The Nacionalista Party, which was split into two camps supporting Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmeña, and reconciled prior to the election, maintained its electoral superiority, with Quezon winning the presidency, Osmeña the vice presidency, and majority of the National Assembly seats.
Background
Drafting the Constitution
Tydings–McDuffie Act
With the passage of Tydings–McDuffie Act in US Congress and its ratification in the Philippine Legislature, a constitutional convention is called by 1934 with its members elected by July. With the successful creation of the 1935 constitution, Presidency and Vice Presidency had been establish to replace the Governor-General. Also, both chambers of the Philippine Legislature has been cleared, with the creation of a unicameral National Assembly.Samonte Severino September 17, 2021 Sept. memories: First national polls under the 1935 Constitution https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1153814 https://web.archive.org/web/20250722211300/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1153814 2025-07-22 2026-06-29 en live
Quezon vs Aguinaldo
With former President Emilio Aguinaldo joined the race for presidency, Quezon campaigned against Aguinaldo by portraying the latter as the "one who destroyed revolution" with repeatedly using the assassinations of Supremo Andrés Bonifacio in 1897, and on General Antonio Luna in 1899. Quezon also allegedly paraded Bonifacio's bones.Umali Justin June 4, 2019 A Look into the Most Consequential Election in our History: the 1935 Presidential Elections https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/features/1935-presidential-elections-a2212-20190604-lfrm https://web.archive.org/web/20260312092119/https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/features/1935-presidential-elections-a2212-20190604-lfrm 2026-03-12 2026-06-29 Esquiremag.ph live Ocampo Ambeth R. 2025-05-02 Assassination and election fraud in 1935 https://opinion.inquirer.net/182901/assassination-and-election-fraud-in-1935 2026-06-29 INQUIRER.net en Aguinaldo is notable for supporting the late Governor-General Leonard Wood in 1920s against Quezon being against Wood's too much interference to the Philippine local government.Quezon Manolo Manolo Quezon October 25, 2025 Fiction Vs Reality: The 'Quezon' Cinematic Universe and Actual Photos from History https://www.spot.ph/entertainment/movies-music-tv/fact-vs-fiction-comparing-the-real-life-quezon-universe-with-its-cinematic-one-a7316-20251025-dyn https://web.archive.org/web/20251029104937/https://www.spot.ph/entertainment/movies-music-tv/fact-vs-fiction-comparing-the-real-life-quezon-universe-with-its-cinematic-one-a7316-20251025-dyn 2025-10-29 2026-06-29 Spot.ph en-US live
Results
President
1935 Philippine presidential election
Vice president
1935 Philippine vice presidential election
National Assembly
1935 Philippine legislative election
Popular culture
The presidential election is featured in 2025 movie Quezon.
References
Category:1935 elections in the Philippines
Category:General elections in the Philippines