1967 South Vietnamese presidential election

none South Vietnam presidential 1961 South Vietnamese presidential election 1961 3 September 1967 1971 South Vietnamese presidential election 1971 5,853,251 83.17% 130x130px Lt. Gen. Nguyễn Văn Thiệu at Cam Ranh Base, October 26, 1966.jpg Nguyễn Văn Thiệu Nguyễn Cao Kỳ Democratic Progressive 1,649,561 34.83% Trương Đình Dzu.png Trương Đình Dzu The White Dove 808080 Trần Văn Chiêu 817,120 17.26% Portrait of Phan Khắc Sửu, Chief of State.jpg Phan Khắc Sửu Democratic Socialist 8B0000 Phan Quang Đán 10.84% 513,374 越南前總理陳文香.jpg Trần Văn Hương Independent Mai Thọ Truyền vi 10.01% 474,100 Hà_Thúc_Ký.png Hà Thúc Ký Đại Việt Revolutionary Party Nguyễn Văn Đình 7.38% 349,473 Nguyễn Đình Quát vi The Buffalo 800080 Trần Cửu Chấn 6.16% 291,718 Democratic Progressive Nguyễn Văn Thiệu President Presidential elections were held in South Vietnam on 3 September 1967,Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p331 0-19-924959-8 following the promulgation of a new constitution on 1 April. The result was a victory for Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, who received 35% of the vote. Voter turnout was 83%. The elections are widely considered to have been fraudulent.Karnow Stanley Vietnam: A history Penguin Books 1997 0-670-84218-4 New York City, New York Stanley Karnow Senate elections were held in South Vietnam on 3 September 1967, alongside presidential elections. The lower house elections took place on October 22.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p331 0-19-924959-8 Background The military junta chaired by Nguyễn Cao Kỳ intended to endorse only one candidate for the presidency. Kỳ intended to run, but at the last minute changed his mind and backed Thiệu,Karnow, p466 a move he later called "the biggest mistake of my life."James McAllister (2004) ""A Fiasco of Noble Proportions": The Johnson Administration and the South Vietnamese Elections of 1967", The Pacific Historical Review, 73 (4), pp640–641 Thiệu nominated Kỳ as his running mate. American policymakers heard rumors that the generals had agreed to subvert the constitution, and The New York Times revealed the formation of a secret military committee that would control the government after the elections. During the negotiations within the military, Kỳ had agreed to stand aside in exchange for behind-the-scenes power through a military committee that would shape policy and control the civilian arm of the government.Karnow, pp465–466 Kỳ flatly denied these reports to Ambassador Ellsworth Bunker, and the American embassy notified Washington that The New York Times story was baseless.McAllister, p646 However, the story was later vindicated, as intelligence sources obtained the charter that told of the functions of the secret Supreme Military Committee (SMC).McAllister, pp646–47 Walt Rostow briefed President Lyndon B. Johnson and concluded that the SMC was "in effect, a scheme for 'guided democracy' in which a half dozen generals would decide finally what was good and bad for the country."McAllister, p647 Campaign The campaign was overshadowed by American media criticism of Kỳ and Thiệu's unfair electoral practices. All the candidates were scheduled to attend a rally at Quảng Trị City in the far north of the country on 6 August. Owing to the security situation and the possibility of communist attacks, the politicians were transported to joint campaign events by the military, rather than being free to go to separate events as their strategy dictated.Karnow, p465 However, the Quảng Trị event had to be cancelled after the candidates' plane landed 23 km away at an air base in Đông Hà. Believing that the mishap was a deliberate attempt to make them look chaotic and disorganized (Thiệu and Kỳ had decided not to attend rallies) the candidates boycotted the event and flew back to Saigon. There they denounced the government bitterly. The leading opposition candidate, Trần Văn Hương, claimed that Thiệu and Kỳ "purposefully arranged the trip to humiliate us and make clowns out of us." As air force chief, Kỳ had previously stranded opposition politicians on a trip to the Central Highlands. Kỳ and Thiệu maintained that no malice was involved, but their opponents did not believe it. None of the candidates made good on their threat to withdraw, but their strident attacks over the alleged dirty tricks dominated the media coverage of the election for a period.McAllister, p645 The adverse publicity embarrassed Washington; instead of hearing reports about progress and good governance in South Vietnam, most reports focused on corruption and fraud. The heavy and negative coverage of the election provoked angry debate in Congress, criticising Kỳ's junta and Johnson's policies. Such sentiment came from both houses and political parties. On 10 August 57 members of the United States House of Representatives signed a statement condemning Kỳ's electoral malpractices and threatening a review of U.S. policy in Vietnam. Kỳ and Thiệu were reluctant to campaign and meet the populace as they saw such events as liabilities rather than opportunities to win over the public, and showed little interest in gaining popular support in any case, as they could always count on a rigging of the ballot. The CIA reported that the pair had no intention of participating on the arranged rallies with the civilian candidates because they felt that "possible heckling from the audience that would be too humiliating." Thiệu and Kỳ were correct; they made one public campaign appearance at a rally, where a very disapproving crowd in Huế assailed Kỳ as a "hooligan" and "cowboy leader". Kỳ and Thiệu decided to campaign indirectly by appearing at set piece ceremonial appointments, such as transferring land titles to peasants, as hostile elements from the general population were less likely to be present. Thiệu took a restrained and more moderate stance during the campaign toward the issue of democracy, while Kỳ, the public face of the ticket and the incumbent government, went on the attack, damaging the pair's image and supposed commitment to democracy. Kỳ did not hide his distaste for democracy or his opponents and "described the civilian candidates as 'ordure' [dirt, filth, excrement], 'traitors,' and 'destroyers of the national interest.'" He continued on to say that if his opponents continued to attack him, he would cancel the poll. In the accompanying Senate elections, Kỳ openly endorsed 11 slates, but only one was successful in gaining one of the six seats.South Viet Nam: A Vote for the Future 15 September 1967 Time During the elections it was reported that armed soldiers "show[ed] voters how to mark their ballots" and that soldiers and police surrounded the legislature as it certified the election results.Pearson Richard 2001-10-01 Nguyen Van Thieu Dies en-US Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2001/10/01/nguyen-van-thieu-dies/9be40846-cdaf-4907-aca8-2f88166b95ef/ 2023-01-25 0190-8286 Results thumb|right|Thiệu takes the oath of office, 31 October 1967 The elections were held under plurality voting and are largely considered to have been fraudulent.Nguyễn Văn Thiệu Nguyễn Cao Kỳ 1649561 Trương Đình Dzu Trần Văn Chiêu 817120 Phan Khắc Sửu Phan Quang Đán 513374 Trần Văn Hương Mai Thọ Truyền 474100 Hà Thúc Ký Nguyễn Văn Định 349473 Nguyễn Đình Quát vi Trần Cửu Chấn 291718 Nguyễn Hòa Hiệp vi Nguyễn Thế Truyền 160790 Vũ Hồng Khanh Dương Trung Đường 149276 Hoàng Cơ Bình vi Lưu Quang Khình 131071 Phạm Huy Cơ Lý Quốc Sinh 106317 Trần Văn Lý Huỳnh Công Đương 92604 132862 5853251 Congressional Record References South Vietnam Category:Presidential elections in Vietnam Category:Elections in South Vietnam Presidential election