1991 Pacific typhoon season

none February 2012 WPac 1991 1991 Pacific typhoon season summary map.png March 5, 1991 December 5, 1991 Yuri 895 120 10 39 30 17 9 2 5,964 total 17440 414.3 units 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 1991 Atlantic hurricane season 1991 Pacific hurricane season 1991 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 1991 Pacific typhoon season was a slightly above-average season with 29 tropical storms, 17 typhoons and five super typhoons forming. It was quite a catastrophic season – Typhoon Yunya impacted the Philippines in mid June while in the same time experiencing a volcanic eruption, Typhoon Mireille severely impacting Japan, which became known for being the costliest typhoon on record until it was surpassed by Typhoon Doksuri in 2023, and Tropical Storm Thelma on November which became one of the deadliest storms to strike the Philippines, killing at least over 5,000 people. The season was deadliest since 1975. It ran year-round in 1991, although most tropical cyclones tended to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November 1991.May 2022 These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. However, the first named storm, Sharon, did not develop until. March 8. The last named storm, Zelda, dissipated on December 5. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1991 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names. Season summary Systems 32 tropical cyclones formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 30 became tropical storms. 17 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 5 reached super typhoon strength. Severe Tropical Storm Sharon (Auring) WPac Sharon Mar 10 1991 0521.jpg Sharon 1991 track.png March 5 March 16 60 50 985 Severe Tropical Storm Sharon existed between March 5 and March 16, 1991. Sharon hit the Philippines. Typhoon Tim WPac Tim Mar 24 1991 0426Z.jpg Tim 1991 track.png March 20 March 27 70 65 970 On March 17, a cluster of thunderstorms grouped together which formed a low pressure area far east of the Mariana islands. The low pressure area rapidly intensified and became a tropical storm 4 days after formation. Favorable conditions allowed the system to continue to intensify into a Category 1 typhoon. High wind shear on March 25 caused the system to weakened, and it transitioned into an extratropical cyclone. Tropical Storm Vanessa (Bebeng) WPac Vanessa Apr 26 1991 1912Z.png Vanessa 1991 track.png April 23 April 28 45 45 994 Vanessa deepened over the South China Sea. Typhoon Walt (Karing) WPac Walt May 12 1991 0512Z.jpg Walt 1991 track.png May 5 May 17 140 100 915 On May 3 an area of disturbed area formed south east of the Mariana Islands. A day later the system strengthened into a tropical depression, and continued to intensify into typhoon status four days later. The system showed annular characteristics on May 11, showing an axisymmetric shape. Walt reached peak intensity on May 12, before showing a distinct eyewall replacement cycle lasting four hours from late May 13 to May 14. When the eyewall replacement cycle was over, a new, larger eye measuring 65 kilometers across formed. Walt soon turned north east, becoming extratropical on May 17, before merging with another extratropical cyclone north east of Japan. Typhoon Yunya (Diding) WPac YUNYA_1991-06-13-1834Z.jpg Yunya 1991 track.png June 12 June 17 105 80 950 Typhoon Yunya (1991) After a month without any activity in the Western Pacific, a weak tropical depression (with winds of only 10 knots) developed just east of the Philippines and south of the Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough on June 11. Located in an area of little wind shear, it headed southwestward, developing spiral-band outflow and becoming a tropical storm on the 12th. As a small central dense overcast (CDO) developed over Yunya, it rapidly developed, becoming a typhoon on the 13th as it paralleled the eastern Philippines. The mid-level ridge forced Yunya westward, where it briefly reached a peak intensity of 195 km/h mph on 10 winds on the 14th. Subsequently, the eastward building of the subtropical ridge produced unfavorable vertical wind shear that weakened Yunya to a minimal typhoon before hitting Dingalan, Luzon early on the 15th. Yunya left Luzon as a minimal tropical storm at Lingayen Gulf. It turned northward due to a break in the ridge, and dissipated on the 17th near southern Taiwan due to the vertical shear. Yunya would likely have been an uneventful cyclone had it not struck Luzon on the same day as the climactic eruption of Mount Pinatubo. The ash cloud that normally would have been dispersed across the oceans was redistributed over Luzon by the cyclonic winds of the typhoon, greatly exacerbating the damage caused by the eruption. The water-laden ash fell over the evacuated Clark Air Base, as well as the rest of Luzon, resulting in downed power lines and the collapse of flat-roofed buildings. In some areas it was practically raining mud. Yunya exited Luzon through Lingayen Gulf as a weak tropical storm and then turned north toward a break in the subtropical ridge. The system continued to weaken due to the strong vertical wind shear. It then brushed the southern coast of Taiwan as a tropical depression and finally dissipated before it could complete full recurvature into the mid-latitude westerlies. Yunya directly caused one death from the flooding and heavy rainfall it left.Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Yunya. https://web.archive.org/web/20110607023629/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1991atcr/pdf/wnp/05w.pdf June 7, 2011 Retrieved on January 10, 2006. Typhoon Zeke (Etang) Typhoon Zeke WPac Zeke Jul 12 1991 1935Z.png Zeke 1991 track.png July 9 July 15 80 65 970 At least 23 people were killed by Zeke on Hainan Island.https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/465634551.html?dids=465634551:465634551&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jul+20%2C+1991&author=Steve+Newman&pub=Toronto+Star&desc=Earthweek%3A+A+Diary+Of+The+Planet+For+the+week+ending+July+19%2F1991&pqatl=google Earthweek: A Diary of the Planet for the week ending July 19/1991 July 5, 2017 October 23, 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20121023111512/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/465634551.html?dids=465634551:465634551&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jul+20,+1991&author=Steve+Newman&pub=Toronto+Star&desc=Earthweek:+A+Diary+Of+The+Planet+For+the+week+ending+July+19%2F1991&pqatl=google dead Typhoon Amy (Gening) WPac Amy jul 18 1991 0551Z.jpg Amy 1991 track.png July 14 July 20 125 95 930 Typhoon Amy (1991) 145 mph Typhoon Amy, having developed on July 12 over the open Western Pacific, brushed southern Taiwan on the 18th. Its outflow became restricted, and Amy hit southern China on the 19th as a 120 mph typhoon. It caused heavy flooding, resulting in 99 casualties, 5000 people injured, and 15,000 people homeless. In addition, Amy caused the sinking of the freighter in a river, resulting in an additional 31 deaths. Severe Tropical Storm Brendan (Helming) Tropical Storm Brendan (1991) WPac Brendan Jul 22 1991 0645Z.jpg Brendan 1991 track.png July 19 July 25 70 60 980 Brendan was the third consecutive tropical cyclone to strike China during the month of July. Typhoon Caitlin (Ising) Typhoon Caitlin WPac Caitlin Jul 28 1991 0539Z.jpg Caitlin 1991 track.png July 21 July 30 95 80 940 Typhoon Caitlin developed from a disturbance in the eastern Caroline Islands. A tropical depression formed on July 23 as the system moved towards the northwest. Tropical Storm Caitlin was named on the 24th and was upgraded to a typhoon the next day. Typhoon Caitlin though several hundred miles away increased the monsoonal flow over the Philippines. Heavy rains caused landslides in the Mt. Pinatubo region killing 16 people. As Caitlin turned to the north the storm passed 60 mi km to the west of Kadena AB, Okinawa at peak intensity of 110 mph. The heavy rains from Caitlin helped to relieve the ongoing drought on the island, one death was reported. Typhoon Caitlin then began to accelerate northwards and passed through the Korea Strait before turning extratropical in the Sea of Japan. Heavy flooding in South Korea killed 2 people and caused $4 million in damage.Joint Typhoon Warning Center. http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1991atcr/pdf/chapter3.pdf Archived copy 2007-03-12 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110607023647/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1991atcr/pdf/chapter3.pdf June 7, 2011 Retrieved on December 26, 2007. Tropical Depression Enrique WPac Enrique Jul 31 1991 2004Z.jpg Enrique 1991 track.png July 31 (Entered basin) August 1 35 nwpdepression 1016 Tropical Storm Enrique formed in the eastern Pacific basin, where it reached its peak intensity as a category 1 Hurricane, becoming Hurricane Enrique. Enrique lasted for several days drifting north of the Hawaiian Islands as a weak system.Central Pacific Hurricane Center August 15, 2016 CPHC Rebest 1966-2003 ftp://eclipse.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/ibtracs/original-bt-data-files/cphc/CPHC_Rebest_1966-2003-1.xls FTP server dead XLSEdward Rappaport Edward Rappaport 1991 Preliminary Report Hurricane Enrique National Hurricane Center December 22, 2006 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1991/enrique/prenhc/prelim01.gif GIF 1Edward Rappaport Edward Rappaport 1991 Preliminary Report Hurricane Enrique National Hurricane Center December 22, 2006 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1991/enrique/prenhc/prelim02.gif GIF 2 As Enrique approached the International Dateline, the system started to redevelop. Shortly after crossing the dateline, Enrique became a tropical storm again on August 1. It lasted for less than 24 hours before strong upper-level wind shear dissipated its convection, exposing the cyclone's circulation.http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1991atcr/pdf/cep/06e.pdf Tropical Storm Enrique (06E) 70–1 Joint Typhoon Warning Center 1991 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report March 3, 2009 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110607011522/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1991atcr/pdf/cep/06e.pdf June 7, 2011 mdy No damages or casualties were caused by Enrique.Central Pacific Hurricane Center The 1991 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season December 22, 2006 http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1991.php https://web.archive.org/web/20061211063009/http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1991.php December 11, 2006 live It is one of only eight tropical cyclones to exist in all three tropical cyclone basins in the Pacific Ocean. The others are 1986's Georgette,Steve J. Fatjo Typhoons Georgette (11E) and Tip (10W) http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1986atcr/pdf/cep/11e10w.pdf Joint Typhoon Warning Center 58–66 1986 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report March 3, 2009 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110607011456/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1986atcr/pdf/cep/11e10w.pdf June 7, 2011 mdy 1994's Li and John, 1999's Dora, 2014's Genevieve, 2018's Hector and 2023's Dora. Tropical Depression Doug WPac Doug Aug 9 1991 2106Z.jpg Doug 1991 track.png August 7 August 10 35 nwpdepression 1000 Doug was a tropical storm according to the JTWC. Typhoon Ellie (Mameng) WPac Ellie 1991 Aug 13 2142Z.jpg Ellie 1991 track.png August 10 August 19 85 70 960 Ellie was an unusually small typhoon which hit Taiwan as a tropical storm. Typhoon Fred (Luding) WPac Fred 1991 Aug 16 0007Z.jpg Fred 1991 track.png August 11 August 18 95 75 960 Typhoon Fred organized from a monsoon trough situated to the east of the Central Philippines, a depression formed on August 11. The depression moved across northern Luzon Island, upon entering the South China Sea the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Fred. Fred reached typhoon intensity on August 14 as the storm moved south of Hong Kong. Fred reached peak intensity of 110 mi/h km/h on shortly before moving across Hainan Island. Fred then turned to the southwest across the Gulf of Tonkin and made a final landfall in northern Vietnam before dissipating. The observed minimum atmospheric pressure value in Kỳ Anh (Hà Tĩnh) during the storm reached 976.9 hPa.1992 Hoạt động của bão và áp thấp nhiệt đới năm 1991 Tropical cyclones activity in 1991 https://vjol.info.vn/index.php/TCKHTV/article/view/70546/59775 April 28, 2025 Vietnam Journals Online vi As Fred moved south of Hong Kong the oil rig support barge DB29 sank with 195 people on board;52931 y 8939 May 22, 1992 22 people on board the ship were killed. In Guangdong, 90,000 homes were damaged and 9,400 homes were destroyed. Losses in Hong Kong reached 350 million RMB (US$64.8 million). On Hainan Island heavy flooding and landslides from Fred's rains killed 16 people.Joint Typhoon Warning Center. https://web.archive.org/web/20110607023342/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1990atcr/pdf/chapter3.pdf June 7, 2011 Retrieved on December 26, 2007. Losses on Hainan Island reached 304 million RMB (US$56.3 million).Tropical Cyclones in 1991 https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/publica/tc/files/tc1991.pdf Tropical storm Fred left 5 people dead and 16 injured in Vietnam. Tropical Depression 13W WPac 13W 1991 Aug 12 0423Z.jpg 13-W 1991 track.png August 11 August 13 25 nwpdepression 1002 13W lasted two days. Severe Tropical Storm Gladys Tropical Storm Gladys (1991) WPac Gladys 1991 Aug 21 0604Z.jpg Gladys 1991 track.png August 15 August 24 65 60 965 Minimal typhoon Gladys brushed by southern Japan on August 22. It moved to the northwest, and hit the Korean Peninsula on the 23rd. It caused more than 20 million yen of damage in Japan, more than 270 million won of damage in South Korea, and in South Korea, it left 103 dead or missing and more than 20,000 homeless. Tropical Storm 15W WPac 15-W 1991 Aug 27 2254Z.jpg 15-W 1991 track.png August 26 August 30 30 35 992 15W was a long-lived depression that moved northwest. Tropical Storm Harry WPac Harry 1991 Aug 30 2210Z.jpg Harry 1991 track.png August 28 August 31 45 40 992 Harry originally formed from a small cluster of thunderstorms in mid August.it moved over the Pacific Ocean and became better organized. On August 29, it was given the name “Harry”. It then moved north and made landfall on Japan a few days later. Harry then weakened because of the land and also because when it moved out to sea again, it moved over colder waters and dissipated on August 31. Typhoon Ivy WPac Ivy Sep 7 1991 0933Z.png Ivy 1991 track.png September 2 September 10 115 95 935 Typhoon Ivy formed from a broad monsoon trough situated near Kosrae in the eastern Caroline Islands. A tropical depression formed on September 2 as the system moved towards the northwest, the next day the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Ivy. Ivy began to rapidly intensify and reached typhoon strength as the storm passed 130 mi km east of Tinian and Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands. On Saipan one drowning death was reported, but only minor damage was reported in the Northern Marianas. Typhoon Ivy continued on a northwesterly path and reached peak strength of 130 mi/h km/h on on September 7 prior to recurving to the northeast. Ivy paralleled the southeastern Japan coastline and turned extratropical 600 mi km to the east of Tokyo. As Typhoon Ivy made its closest approach to Honshū, Tokyo and surrounding areas were buffeted by high winds and heavy rains. Over 200 landslides were reported and one person was killed with 4 others missing. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. https://web.archive.org/web/20110607023342/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1990atcr/pdf/chapter3.pdf June 7, 2011 Retrieved on December 27, 2007. Losses totaled to ¥1.6 billion (US$12 million).Digital Typhoon: Typhoon Damage List https://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/cgi-bin/dt/disaster.pl?lang=en&basin=wnp&sort=damage&order=dec&stype=number 2025-06-02 agora.ex.nii.ac.jp Tropical Storm Joel WPac Joel 1991 Sept 6 0620Z.jpg Joel 1991 track.png September 3 September 8 55 45 985 Joel hit southern China. Joel killed five people and injured 75 people. 8,680 homes were flooded and 4,000 homes were destroyed. 78,000 hectares of farmland were affected. 130 bridges, 257 irrigation facilities and 70 hectares of fish ponds were damaged. Economic losses reached 400 million RMB (US$74.1 million). Typhoon Kinna (Neneng) Typhoon Kinna WPac Kinna 1991 Sept 13 0600Z.jpg Kinna 1991 track.png September 10 September 14 90 80 955 Typhoon Kinna formed in a monsoon trough in the western Caroline Islands. A tropical depression began to organize on September 10 to the west of Guam, Tropical Storm Kinna was named later the same day. As Kinna moved towards the northwest the storm began to gather strength and reached typhoon intensity on September 12 just prior to turning north threatening Japan. On the 12th Typhoon Kinna made a direct landfall on southern Okinawa Island at peak strength of 105 mi/h km/h on. Kinna maintained peak intensity after recurving to the north-northeast and making landfall on Kyūshū Island. Typhoon Kinna's eyewall passed directly over Nagasaki and Sasebo cities on September 13, both cities reported wind gusts of 115 mi/h km/h on. Kinna continued moving across Japan and became extratropical near the northern coast of Honshū Island. On Okinawa Kinna dropped more than 8 in mm of rain, in Japan most of the damage occurred near Nagasaki. Throughout Japan and Okinawa 9 deaths were attributable to Typhoon Kinna's passage. Typhoon Mireille (Rosing) WPac Mireille 1991-09-26 0600Z.png Mireille 1991 track.png September 13 September 28 130 100 925 Typhoon Mireille On September 13, Tropical Depression 21W developed over the open Western Pacific. It tracked westward under the influence of the Subtropical Ridge, slowly organizing until becoming a tropical storm on the 15th. A small storm, Mireille rapidly became a typhoon on the 16th, but larger Tropical Storm Luke to its north and Typhoon Nat to its west kept Mireille a minimal typhoon. When the other two storms were far enough away, Mireille rapidly intensified, reaching super typhoon strength on the 22nd with a peak of 150 mi/h km/h on winds. The storm recurved to the northeast, where it slowly weakened until hitting southwestern Japan on the 27th as a 105 mi/h km/h on typhoon. Mireille continued to the northeast, and became extratropical later that day, after causing 52 casualties and heavy crop damage amounting to $3 billion (1991 USD). The name Mireille was retired after this season and was replaced by Melissa. The Panama flagged vessel MV "Darshan" loaded with cement clinker from Ube, Japan and intended to bound for Kuching, East Malaysia has grounded in the Eastern part of Hime-shima island "Princess Island". July 2015 Severe Tropical Storm Luke (Pepang) Tropical Storm Luke WPac Luke 1991 Sept 18 0542Z.jpg Luke 1991 track.png September 14 September 19 50 55 980 Tropical Storm Luke formed from a disturbance that moved through the Northern Marianas and became a tropical depression on September 14 just to the west of the islands. The depression began to slowly intensify as it moved towards the west-northwest and Tropical Storm Luke was named on September 15. Luke reached peak intensity of 60 mi/h km/h on prior to recurving to the northeast and weakening due to increased shear. Tropical Storm Luke then paralleled the southeastern Japan coastline, dropping heavy rains. The resulting flooding and landslides killed 8 people and left 10 others missing prior to Luke turning extratropical east of central Honshū Island. Typhoon Nat (Oniang) WPac Nat 1991 Sept 22 0635Z.jpg Nat 1991 track.png September 14 October 3 110 80 950 Forming on September 14, Nat took an erratic track for over two weeks, making a Category 3 landfall in extreme southern Taiwan and a Category 1 landfall in southeastern China after interacting with Super Typhoon Mireille. Nat eventually dissipated over China on October 3. In Shantou, two people were killed, seven were reported missing, and 22 were injured. 500 homes were destroyed and 21,500 hectares of farmland were affected. Losses were at 90 million RMB (US$16.7 million). Typhoon Orchid (Sendang) Typhoon Orchid (1991) WPac Orchid 1991 Oct 7 0521Z.jpg Orchid 1991 track.png October 3 October 14 115 95 930 Typhoon Orchid formed from a broad monsoon trough that moved through the Northern Marianas and became a tropical depression on October 4 to the west of the islands. The depression moved on a westerly path and strengthened into Tropical Storm Orchid later the same day. Orchid then began to rapidly intensify and reach peak strength on 130 mi/h km/h on on October 7 prior to turning to the northeast and accelerating. Typhoon Orchid paralleled the southeast coast of Shikoku and Honshū Islands. As Orchid brushed the islands 96 landslides and heavy flooding were reported in and around the Tokyo region, one person was reported killed due to flooding. Though a great distance away the waves from Orchid and Typhoon Pat combined to produce tremendous waves resulting in the deaths of 2 people on Guam. Typhoon Pat WPac Pat 1991-10-09 0000Z.png Pat 1991 track.png October 4 October 13 125 95 925 Pat stayed at sea. Typhoon Ruth (Trining) WPac Ruth 1991-10-24 0600Z.png Ruth 1991 path.png October 19 October 31 145 115 895 Typhoon Ruth (1991) Super Typhoon Ruth formed from a tropical disturbance the originated between Chuuk and Pohnpei, as the disturbance moved on a westerly path, a tropical depression formed on October 20. Tropical Storm Ruth was named on the 21st as the storm moved to the southwest of Guam and began to steadily intensity. Ruth reached typhoon strength on October 22 and became a super typhoon on the 24th as the storm reached peak intensity of 165 mi/h km/h on. Ruth began to slowly decline in strength as it neared the northern Philippines. Ruth made landfall on October 27 on northern Luzon Island with winds of 115 mi/h km/h on before weakening to a tropical storm. Heavy flooding and numerous landslides were reported on Luzon Island as a result 12 people were killed. After departing Luzon Island Ruth recurved south of Taiwan and dissipated. Heavy seas caused the freighter Tung Lung to sink west of Taiwan, all 18 aboard were killed. Typhoon Seth (Warling) WPac File:SETH_nov_4_1991_0455Z.jpg Seth 1991 track.png November 1 November 15 130 100 925 A Category 4 Super Typhoon that affected the northern part of the Philippines. During most of Seth's early life, Seth remained a Tropical Storm, until it encountered warmer waters, where it began to reach its peak intensity on November 5. Seth peaked as a strong category 4 storm, but considerably weakened under typhoon strength when it made landfall in the Philippines as a Tropical Storm. After crossing through the Philippines near the end of its life, Seth stalled and dissipated about halfway between the Philippines and mainland Asia. Seth did feature a well defined eye, and struck the same area of the Philippines right after Super Typhoon Ruth did. Tropical Storm Thelma (Uring) WPac Thelma Nov 4 1991 0636Z.png Thelma 1991 track.png November 1 November 8 40 45 992 Tropical Storm Thelma 50 mi/h km/h on Tropical Storm Thelma hit the central Philippines on November 4. It slowly tracked across the Archipelago, bringing heavy flooding across the islands. Vertical shear weakened it as it continued westward, and it dissipated on November 8 just after hitting southern Vietnam. Thelma, though a weak storm, caused dam failures, landslides, and flash flooding, resulting in a horrendous death toll of 6,000 people. Due to the massive casualties, the name Thelma was retired and replaced with Teresa. Severe Tropical Storm Verne WPac VERNE nov 9 1991 2237Z.jpg Verne 1991 track.png November 5 November 12 55 55 980 Verne curved away from land. Tropical Storm Wilda (Yayang) WPac Wilda Nov 18 1991 0000Z.png Wilda 1991 track.png November 14 November 20 45 45 992 Wilda hit the Philippines. Typhoon Yuri WPac Yuri 1991-11-27 0000Z.png Yuri 1991 track.png November 22 December 1 150 120 895 Typhoon Yuri (1991) Super Typhoon Yuri was the most powerful storm during the season, with winds reaching up to 120 knots (220 km/h), and a minimum recorded pressure of 895 mbar. This made Yuri the third most intense tropical cyclone on record at the end of 1991. Yuri caused $3 million (1991 USD) in damage to Pohnpei, including the loss of a radio tower. In Guam, the storm caused extensive beach erosion and destroyed between 60 and 350 buildings. There, damage totaled to $33 million (1991 USD).Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Super Typhoon Yuri. https://web.archive.org/web/20110607023756/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1991atcr/pdf/wnp/30w.pdf June 7, 2011 Retrieved on May 18, 2007. It is one of the most closely observed storms ever. Its eye was studied for research. Severe Tropical Storm Zelda WPac Zelda Dec 1 1991 0440Z.png Zelda 1991 track.png November 27 December 5 80 60 975 Tropical Storm Zelda (1991) Tropical Storm Zelda was the last storm of the 1991 Pacific typhoon season. Storm names Lists of tropical cyclone names Tropical cyclone naming During the season 29 named tropical cyclones developed in the Western Pacific and were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, when it was determined that they had become tropical storms. These names were contributed to a revised list from mid-1989. Sharon Tim Vanessa Walt Yunya Zeke Amy Brendan Caitlin Doug Ellie Fred Gladys Harry Ivy Joel Kinna Luke Mireille Nat Orchid Pat Ruth Seth Thelma Verne Wilda Yuri Zelda Philippines Auring Bebeng Karing Diding Etang Gening Helming Ising Luding Mameng Neneng Oniang Pepang Rosing Sendang Trining Uring Warling Yayang Auxiliary list Ading Barang Krising Dadang Erling Goying The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 10 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1995 season. This is the same list used for the 1987 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in . Retirement Due to extensive damage and a high death toll, the JTWC retired the names Mireille and Thelma, which were replaced by Melissa and Teresa. Both names were first used in the 1994 season. PAGASA also retired the name Uring with similar reasons and was replaced by Ulding for the 1995 season. Season effects This table summarizes all the systems that developed within or moved into the North Pacific Ocean, to the west of the International Date Line during 1991. The tables also provide an overview of a systems intensity, duration, land areas affected and any deaths or damages associated with the system. |- | Sharon (Auring) || 910305 March 5 – 16 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|095 95 km/h (60 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0985 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) || Caroline Islands, Philippines || None || None || |- | Tim || 910320 March 20 – 27 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|120 120 km/h (75 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0970 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) || Philippines, Japan || None || None || |- | Vanessa (Bebeng) || 910423 April 23 – 28 || bgcolor=#storm|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#storm|085 85 km/h (50 mph) || bgcolor=#storm|0994 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) || Philippines, Vietnam, China || 0 None || None || |- | Walt (Karing) || 910505 May 5 – 17 || bgcolor=#VSTY|4 Very strong typhoon || bgcolor=#VSTY|185 185 km/h (115 mph) || bgcolor=#VSTY|0915 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) || Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands || None || None || |- | TD || 910520 May 20 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1010 1010 hPa (29.83 inHg) || None || None || None || |- | Yunya (Diding) || 910612 June 12 – 17 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|150 150 km/h (90 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0950 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) || Philippines || None || 6 (320) || |- | TD || 910614 June 14 – 19 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1002 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) || Caroline Islands || None || None || |- | TD || 910617 June 18 – 19 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1006 1006 hPa (29.59 inHg) || Mariana Islands || None || None || |- | Zeke (Etang) || 910709 July 9 – 15 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|120 120 km/h (75 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0970 970 hPa (28.79 inHg) || Philippines, South China || 960000000 $ || 33 || |- | Amy (Gening) || 910714 July 14 – 20 || bgcolor=#VSTY|4 Very strong typhoon || bgcolor=#VSTY|175 175 km/h (110 mph) || bgcolor=#VSTY|0930 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) || Philippines, Taiwan, China || 4870000000 $ || 136 || |- | TD || 910714 July 14 – 18 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1002 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) || Philippines || None || None || |- | Brendan (Helming) || 910719 July 19 – 25 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|110 110 km/h (70 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0980 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) || Philippines, Taiwan, South China || 253000000 $ || 34 || |- | Caitlin (Ising) || 910721 July 21 – 30 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|150 150 km/h (90 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0940 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) || Philippines, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea || 81300000 $ || 26 || |- | Enrique || 910731 July 31 – August 1 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|065 65 km/h (40 mph) || bgcolor=#TD|1016 1016 hPa (30.01 inHg) || None || None || None || |- | TD || 910802 August 2 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1002 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) || None || None || None || |- | Doug || 910807 August 7 – 10 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|065 65 km/h (40 mph) || bgcolor=#TD|1000 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) || None || 0 None || None || |- | Ellie (Mameng) || 910810 August 10 – 19 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|130 130 km/h (80 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0960 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) || Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, East China || None || None || |- | Fred (Luding) || 910811 August 11 – 18 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|150 150 km/h (90 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|1000 1000 hPa (27.53 inHg) || Philippines, South China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand || 121000000 $ || 38 || |- | 13W || 910811 August 11 – 13 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 45 km/h (30 mph) || bgcolor=#TD|1002 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) || None || 0 None || None || |- | Gladys || 910815 August 15 – 24 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|110 110 km/h (70 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0965 965 hPa (28.65 inHg) || Japan, Korean Peninsula, Northeast China || 252800000 $ || 113 || |- | TD || 910819 August 19 – 24 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|0996 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) || None || None || None || |- | 15W || 910826 August 26 – 30 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|055 55 km/h (35 mph) || bgcolor=#TD|0992 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) || Japan, South Korea || 0 None || None || |- | Harry || 910828 August 28 – 31 || bgcolor=#storm|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#storm|075 75 km/h (45 mph) || bgcolor=#storm|0992 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) || Japan, South Korea || 0 None || None || |- | Ivy || 910902 September 2 – 10 || bgcolor=#VSTY|4 Very strong typhoon || bgcolor=#VSTY|175 175 km/h (110 mph) || bgcolor=#VSTY|0935 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) || Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Japan || 12000000 $ || 1 || |- | Joel || 910903 September 3 – 8 || bgcolor=#storm|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#storm|085 85 km/h (50 mph) || bgcolor=#storm|0985 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) || Philippines, China, Taiwan || 74100000 $ || 5 || |- | Kinna (Neneng) || 910910 September 10 – 14 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|150 150 km/h (90 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0955 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) || Japan, Korean Peninsula || 383000000 $ || 11 || |- | Mireille (Rosing) || 910913 September 13 – 28 || bgcolor=#VSTY|4 Very strong typhoon || bgcolor=#VSTY|185 185 km/h (115 mph) || bgcolor=#VSTY|0925 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) || Marshall Islands, Mariana Islands, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Russia Far East || 10000000000 $ || 68 || |- | Luke (Pepang) || 910914 September 14 – 19 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|100 100 km/h (65 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0980 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) || Mariana Islands, Japan || 179000000 $ || 12 || |- | Nat (Oniang) || 910914 September 14 – October 3 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|150 150 km/h (90 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0950 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) || Philippines, Taiwan, China || 16700000 $ || 2 || |- | Orchid (Sendang) || 911003 October 3 – 14 || bgcolor=#VSTY|4 Very strong typhoon || bgcolor=#VSTY|175 175 km/h (110 mph) || bgcolor=#VSTY|0930 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) || Guam, Japan || 15800000 $ || 3 || |- | Pat || 911004 October 4 – 13 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|150 150 km/h (90 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0925 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) || Mariana Islands || None || None || |- | Ruth (Trining) || 911019 October 19 – 31 || bgcolor=#VITY|5 Violent typhoon || bgcolor=#VITY|215 215 km/h (130 mph) || bgcolor=#VITY|0895 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) || Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Taiwan, Philippines || 150700000 $ || 82 || |- | Seth (Warling) || 911101 November 1 – 15 || bgcolor=#VSTY|4 Very strong typhoon || bgcolor=#VSTY|185 185 km/h (115 mph) || bgcolor=#VSTY|0925 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) || Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines || Unknown || None || |- | Thelma (Uring) || 911101 November 1 – 8 || bgcolor=#storm|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#storm|075 75 km/h (45 mph) || bgcolor=#storm|0992 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) || Philippines, Vietnam || 27670000 $ || 5,081 || |- | Verne || 911105 November 5 – 12 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|100 100 km/h (65 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0980 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) || Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands || None || None || |- | Wilda (Yayang) || 911114 November 14 – 31 || bgcolor=#storm|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#storm|085 85 km/h (50 mph) || bgcolor=#storm|0992 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) || Philippines || 0 None || None || |- | Yuri || 911122 November 22 – December 1 || bgcolor=#VITY|5 Violent typhoon || bgcolor=#VITY|220 220 km/h (140 mph) || bgcolor=#VITY|0895 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) || Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands || 36000000 $ || None || |- | Zelda || 911127 November 27 – December 5 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|110 110 km/h (70 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0975 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) || Marshall Islands || None || None || |- 38 systems March 5 – December 5, 1991 220 220 km/h (140 mph) 0895 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) 17433600000 $ ~5,644 (320) See also Tropical cyclones Tropical cyclones in 1991 1991 Atlantic hurricane season 1991 Pacific hurricane season 1991 North Indian Ocean cyclone season South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: 1990–91, 1991–92 Australian region cyclone season: 1990–91, 1991–92 South Pacific cyclone season: 1990–91, 1991–92 References 30em External links Japan Meteorological Agency Joint Typhoon Warning Center https://web.archive.org/web/20100301105349/http://www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC March 1, 2010 . China Meteorological Agency National Weather Service Guam Hong Kong Observatory Macau Meteorological Geophysical Services Korea Meteorological Agency Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Taiwan Central Weather Bureau Satellite movie of 1991 Pacific typhoon season 1990 Pacific typhoon 1991