2010s in science and technology

none 201 This article is a summary of the 2010s in science and technology. Technology Timeline of computing 2010–2019Big data and "Big Tech" saw an expansion in size and power in the 2010s, particularly FAANG corporations. The growing influence of "Big Tech" over cyberspace drew scrutiny and increased oversight from national governments. The G20 countries began closing tax loopholes9 June 2019 G20 agrees to wrap up Big Tech tax rules by 2020 Reuters https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g20-japan-tax/g20-agrees-to-wrap-up-big-tech-tax-rules-by-2020-idUSKCN1TA05F and the European Union began asserting legal guidelines over domains such as data privacy, copyright, and hate speech, the latter of which helped fuel a debate over tech censorship and free speech online, particularly deplatforming. Throughout the decade, the United States government increasingly scrutinized the tech industry, from attempted copyright regulations to threatening antitrust probes.5 June 2019 Big Tech was the heart of the bull market. Now it's under fire CNN Business https://www.cnn.com/2019/06/04/investing/tech-antitrust-facebook-google-amazon/index.html 9 June 20194 June 2019 The Coalition Out to Kill Tech as We Know It The Atlantic https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/06/how-politicians-and-scholars-turned-against-big-tech/591052/ 9 June 2019 Increased protectionism and attempts to regulate and localize the internet by national governments also raised fears of cyber-balkanization in the later half of the decade.10 December 2018 2018 In Review: What Happened In The World Of Big Tech NPR https://www.npr.org/2018/12/10/675382748/2018-in-review-what-happened-in-the-world-of-big-tech 25 April 201913 March 2019 The 'splinternet' is already here Tech Crunch https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/13/the-splinternet-is-already-here/ 26 April 20197 September 2018 Get ready for the "splinternet": The web might not be worldwide much longer https://www.fastcompany.com/90229453/get-ready-for-the-splinternet-the-web-might-not-be-worldwide-much-longer 26 April 2019 Communications and electronics thumb|200x200px|Apple CEO Steve Jobs unveiled the first iPad at a press conference on 27 January 2010. Smartphones maintained their strong popularity throughout the 2010s, along with the arrival of tablets. Apple Inc. launched the iPad in 2010, its first tablet computer, which offered multi-touch interaction. The iPad became an immediate bestseller and only months after its release became the best selling tech product in history.Paul McDougall iPad Is Top Selling Tech Gadget Ever http://www.informationweek.com/news/storage/portable/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=227700347 InformationWeek https://web.archive.org/web/20101208051812/http://www.informationweek.com/news/storage/portable/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=227700347 8 December 2010 By the mid-2010s, almost all smartphones were touchscreen-only, and Android and iPhone smartphones dominated the market.Andrew Owen 28 August 2018 The History and Evolution of the Smartphone: 1992–2018 Text Request https://www.textrequest.com/blog/history-evolution-smartphone/ 22 January 2019 Mobile apps become commercially available in the early 2010s, along with popular app stores such as Google Play, iOS App Store, and Microsoft Store. Throughout the early 2010s, sales for PCs declined in favor of tablet computers and laptop convertibles;Rigby Bill 19 April 2013 Microsoft multiyear license growth softens pain of PC decline Reuters https://www.reuters.com/article/microsoft-results-licensing-idUSL2N0D52WB20130419 in 2012, tablet and smartphone sales overtook netbooks and Samsung overtook Nokia for the first time as the largest mobile phone maker in the world;Samsung overtakes Nokia in mobile phone shipments – BBC News BBC News 26 April 2012 https://www.bbc.com/news/business-17865117 24 June 2016 en-GBArthur Charles 3 February 2012 Netbooks plummet while tablets and smartphones soar, says Canalys The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2012/feb/03/netbooks-pc-canalys-tablet 29 August 2015 in 2013 in developed countries, smartphone sales surpassed feature phones.Svensson Peter 29 April 2013 Smartphones now outsell 'dumb' phones http://www.newshub.co.nz/technology/smartphones-now-outsell-dumb-phones-2013042912 https://web.archive.org/web/20160303064802/http://www.newshub.co.nz/technology/smartphones-now-outsell-dumb-phones-2013042912 March 3, 2016 Newshub In April 2019, South Korea became the first country to adopt 5G broadband.South Korea to seize on world's first full 5G network https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/5G-networks/South-Korea-to-seize-on-world-s-first-full-5G-network Nikkei Asian Review Verizon launched its 5G services in the United States just hours later, along with disputing South Korea's claim of becoming the world's first country with a 5G network.McCurry Justin US dismisses South Korea's launch of world-first 5G network as 'stunt' – 5G – The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/apr/04/us-dismisses-south-koreas-launch-of-world-first-5g-network-as-stunt amp.theguardian.com 4 April 2019 The United Kingdom's first 5G mobile network became operational on 30 May, initially covering parts of six cities.30 May 2019 5G: EE launches UK's next-generation mobile network BBC News https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-48458280 30 May 2019 In 2011, more than 2 billion people used the Internet,website optimization on 2 29 March 2011 Over 2 Billion Internet Users Worldwide – Wireless Broadband 30% Slower than Wired – March 2011 Bandwidth Report http://www.websiteoptimization.com/bw/1103/ 10 November 2011 Websiteoptimization.com one billion mobile broadband users predicted and 4.6 billion people worldwide were subscribed to mobile phones,Florence Labedays Mobile Broadband Users to Top One Billion Mark in 2011 http://www.mobiledia.com/news/79588.html https://archive.today/20120716204553/http://nelsonphysicaltherapy.com/active-gaming/ 16 July 2012 Mobiledia and Americans spent more time using mobile apps than using the World Wide Web.Newark Charles 20 June 2011 Mobile Apps Put the Web in Their Rear-view Mirror http://blog.flurry.com/bid/63907/Mobile-Apps-Put-the-Web-in-Their-Rear-view-Mirror https://web.archive.org/web/20111112162050/http://blog.flurry.com/bid/63907/Mobile-Apps-Put-the-Web-in-Their-Rear-view-Mirror 12 November 2011 10 November 2011 Blog.flurry.com Social media continuously gained prominence through the convenience of mobile apps, including the services of WhatsApp, Pinterest, Instagram, Snapchat, Tinder, Vine, and TikTok being released throughout the decade. Facebook and Twitter, both of which were released in the 2000s, were still among the most popular social media platforms in the world.Maina Antony 6 June 2018 20 Popular Social Media Sites Right Now Small Business Trends https://smallbiztrends.com/2016/05/popular-social-media-sites.html 21 January 2019 Social media offered massive reach to mainstream audiences for both individuals and organizations unseen before, facilitating phenomena such as influencer marketing.10 Reasons Why Influencer Marketing is the Next Big Thing 14 July 2015 http://www.adweek.com/socialtimes/10-reasons-why-influencer-marketing-is-the-next-big-thing/623407 19 July 2017Hall John The Influencer Marketing Gold Rush Is Coming: Are You Prepared? Forbes https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnhall/2016/04/17/the-influencer-marketing-gold-rush-is-coming-are-you-prepared/#1e6ae60d2964 19 July 2017 Streaming media and rental kiosk services such as Netflix and Redbox forced video rental chains such as Blockbusters to close.Broida Rick 13 November 2013 How to rent movies now that Blockbuster is dead CNET https://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-rent-movies-now-that-blockbuster-is-dead/ At the turn of the decade, the supply of IPv4 internet addresses was exhausted; an early period of transition to IPv6 continued during 2011.Dan Nosowitz The Internet Officially Runs Out of Addresses Today, But It's Not Cause for Panic http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2011-02/internet-has-run-out-addresses-its-not-cause-panic-yet Popular Science In 2012, Google Chrome became the world's most used web browser, replacing Internet Explorer,Matt Warman 21 May 2012 Google Chrome beats Internet Explorer to become world's most popular web browser https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/internet/9280254/Google-Chrome-beats-Internet-Explorer-to-become-worlds-most-popular-web-browser.html 27 May 2012 The Telegraph and the Wikimedia Foundation started developing Wikidata, its first new project in six years.Dickinson Boonsri Paul Allen Invests in a Massive Project To Make Wikipedia Better http://www.businessinsider.com/paul-allen-invests-in-wikidata-project-2012-3 Business Insider Cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, gained ground as a digitally alternative way to secure financial transactions, control the creation of additional units, and verify the transfer of assets. Cryptocurrencies also expanded the usage and boundaries of Blockchain. Virtual reality took a radical shift in the 2010s, with headsets such as the Oculus Rift gaining popularity. While the device was only capable of rotational tracking, the initial design would later serve as a basis from which the later designs came.Rubin, Peter. (2014). Oculus Rift. Wired, 22(6), 78. Other popular headsets include PlayStation VR, Google Cardboard, HTC Vive, Oculus Rift, and the Samsung Gear VR. During the decade, 3D printing, 3D modeling, and 3D scanners became increasingly popular, in which the technologies enabled users to join or solidify certain materials to create a concrete three-dimensional object. The 3D printer industry gained over $7 billion in sales.McCue TJ 4 June 2018 Wohlers Report 2018: 3D Printer Industry Tops $7 Billion Forbes https://www.forbes.com/sites/tjmccue/2018/06/04/wohlers-report-2018-3d-printer-industry-rises-21-percent-to-over-7-billion/#e6e17b92d1a4 21 January 2019 Wireless headphones saw technological advancements and a large growth in usage.Global sales volume for true wireless hearables 2018-2020 https://www.statista.com/statistics/985608/worldwide-sales-volume-true-wireless-hearables/ Statista Wireless charging for smartphones became more popular, with companies such as Samsung and Apple releasing wireless charging phones and chargers.Everything you need to know about wireless charging https://www.moshi.com/en/post/everything-you-need-to-know-about-wireless-charging Moshi Smart watches became more widespread in usage, with over 175 million of them sold in 2018.Smartwatch unit sales worldwide from 2014 to 2018 (in millions) https://www.statista.com/statistics/538237/global-smartwatch-unit-sales/ 22 January 2019 Statista Smart glasses, such as Google Glass, were also released during this decade. Transparent display screens and curved touchscreen displays entered the market, and slowly gained popularity throughout the decade.Vincent James LG's latest ridiculous OLED screen is transparent, flexible, and taller than Tom Cruise https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/6/22/15851994/lg-flexible-transparent-oled-display 23 January 2019 The Verge 22 June 2017 Archer John Curved TVs: The pros and cons for buying a curved TV in 2018 Trusted Reviews https://www.trustedreviews.com/opinion/curved-tvs-the-pros-and-cons-2912678 23 January 2019Larsen Rasmus Samsung's 2014 TV line-up – with prices https://www.flatpanelshd.com/article.php?subaction=showfull&id=1395392640 7 May 2019 FlatPanelsHD 2 March 2014 In the mid-late portion of the decade, 4K resolution was implemented through high-definition displays and gained traction into more U.S. homes in a much faster adoption rate than that of Full HD (1080p).Mark Hoelzel 2 September 2014 4K TV Shipments Are Ramping Up Much Faster Than HD TV Did in the Past http://www.businessinsider.com/4k-tv-shipments-are-taking-off-2014-5 24 November 2015 Business Insider In 2016, scientists at MIT created the first five-atom quantum computer with the potential to crack the security of traditional encryption schemes.MIT's new 5-atom quantum computer could make today's encryption obsolete http://www.pcworld.com/article/3041115/security/mits-new-5-atom-quantum-computer-could-transform-encryption.html 5 March 2016 Fixstars Solutions created the world's first 13 Terabyte SSD in 2016.Shah Agam The world's first 13TB SSD is here Computerworld 13 January 2016 http://www.computerworld.com/article/3021291/data-storage/the-worlds-first-13tb-ssd-is-here.html 10 February 2016The world's first 13TB SSD is here http://www.pcworld.com/article/3021886/hardware/the-worlds-first-13tb-ssd-is-here.html 10 February 2016 The number of IoT devices increased 31% year-over-year to 8.4 billion in the year 2017Köhn Rüdiger Online-Kriminalität: Konzerne verbünden sich gegen Hacker Faz.net https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/diginomics/grosse-internationale-allianz-gegen-cyber-attacken-15451953-p2.html?printPagedArticle=true#pageIndex_1 and it was estimated that there will be 30 billion devices by 2020.Hsu Chin-Lung Lin Judy Chuan-Chuan 2016 An empirical examination of consumer adoption of Internet of Things services: Network externalities and concern for information privacy perspectives Computers in Human Behavior 62 516–527 10.1016/j.chb.2016.04.023 Software Artificial intelligence progressed significantly as a result of discoveries made in deep learning in 2012; it bolstered speech recognition and computer vision development and allowed for the fruition of technologies such as Deepfakes.2016 Why Deep Learning Is Suddenly Changing Your Life Fortune http://fortune.com/ai-artificial-intelligence-deep-machine-learning/ 13 April 2018 Virtual assistant devices and apps become widely available in the decade, such as Apple's Siri, Amazon Alexa on the Amazon Echo device, Samsung's Bixby, Google Assistant on Google-enabled/Android mobile devices, and text (online chat), especially in an instant messaging app or other app. Collaborative source code sharing website GitHub became the world's most popular open source hosting site.Klint Finley 2 June 2011 GitHub Has Surpassed Sourceforge and Google Code in Popularity http://www.readwriteweb.com/hack/2011/06/github-has-passed-sourceforge.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120530022611/http://www.readwriteweb.com/hack/2011/06/github-has-passed-sourceforge.php 30 May 2012 26 May 2012 ReadWriteWeb Oracle sued Google over the use of Java-related technology in Google's popular Android operating system in 2011. Google won the lawsuit on 26 May 2016, citing fair use.Oracle sues Google over Android and Java https://www.cnet.com/news/oracle-sues-google-over-android-and-java/ 23 June 2016 CNET26 May 2016 Google beats Oracle—Android makes "fair use" of Java APIs https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/05/google-wins-trial-against-oracle-as-jury-finds-android-is-fair-use/ Arstechnica Following an unprecedented internet protest and blackout campaign, the controversial Stop Online Piracy Act bill was temporarily withdrawn in the United States Congress in 2012.Weisman Jonathan 20 January 2012 After an Online Firestorm, Congress Shelves Antipiracy Bills The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/21/technology/senate-postpones-piracy-vote.html 23 June 2016 0362-4331 The controversial Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 in the Philippines was adopted.Cybercrime bill signed into law by Aquino – Newsbytes.ph | Infotech News http://www.interaksyon.com/infotech/cybercrime-bill-signed-into-law-by-aquino-newsbytes-ph https://web.archive.org/web/20121015230516/http://www.interaksyon.com/infotech/cybercrime-bill-signed-into-law-by-aquino-newsbytes-ph 15 October 2012 4 October 2012 InterAksyon.com Automobiles and transportation right|thumb|Tesla's all-electric sedan, the Tesla Model 3, was unveiled in March 2016 and became the best-selling plug-in electric car. Drones became increasingly popular, especially in the assistance of making deliveries, aerial photography, and drone racing.Gupta Anil 28 February 2018 Drone Technology's Popularity and Regulatory Environment Infospace https://ischool.syr.edu/infospace/2018/02/28/drone-technologys-popularity-regulatory-environment/ 22 January 2019Bateman Joshua 1 September 2017 China drone maker DJI: Alone atop the unmanned skies https://www.cnbc.com/2017/09/01/in-race-to-dominate-drone-space-west-is-no-match-for-chinas-dji.html News Ledge Electric and hybrid vehicles became popular in many countries in the Western world during the decade. Notable electric vehicles include the Chevrolet Volt, which became the world's top selling plug-in hybrid of all time with over 100,000 units sold in 2015.Jeff Cobb 4 November 2015 GM Sells Its 100,000th Volt in October HybridCars.com http://www.hybridcars.com/gm-sells-its-100000th-volt-in-october/ 4 November 2015About 102,000 units of the Volt/Ampera family have been sold worldwide by the end of October 2015. Other hybrid vehicles have also been noted such as the Porsche Panamera and BMW i3. Self-driving cars, while still in their infancy, were widely tested throughout the 2010s with significant progress. Google developed Waymo, the world's first self-driving car, to be licensed for use on public roads in 2011.8 May 2012 Google gets first self-driven car license in Nevada Reuters https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-usa-nevada-google-idUSLNE84701320120508 24 June 2016 In 2018, a woman in Tempe, Arizona became the first recorded casualty of an accident involving an autonomous vehicle.19 March 2018 Uber's fatal self-driving crash: all the news and updates https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/28/17174636/uber-self-driving-crash-fatal-arizona-update 17 May 2018 The Verge Automaker Volkswagen is alleged to have been involved in worldwide rigging of diesel emissions tests in 2015, affecting an estimated 11 million vehicles globally.Ruddick Graham 23 September 2015 Volkswagen chief quits over emissions scandal as car industry faces crisis https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/sep/23/volkswagen-chief-martin-winterkorn-quits-emissions-scandal 24 June 2016 The Guardian18 September 2015 Volkswagen under investigation over illegal software that masks emissions https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/sep/18/epa-california-investigate-volkswagen-clean-air-violations 30 September 2015 The Guardian18 September 2015 EPA: Volkswagen used 'defeat device' to illegally skirt air-pollution controls https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2015/09/18/epa-volkswagen-used-defeat-device-to-circumvent-air-pollution-controls/ 30 September 2015 The Washington Post The trend of shared mobility grew significantly during the decade. Carsharing, bike-sharing, and scooter-sharing services saw substantial growth as multiple economic, social and technological factors such as developments in "last mile" transportation helped changed the way people think about modern transportation, particularly in the Western world.Shaheen Susan Cohen Adam April 2016 Smartphone Applications to Influence Travel Choices: Practices and Policies https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop16023/fhwahop16023.pdf Dot/Fha 90 The world's first 100% low-floor tram with articulated bogies, Škoda 15 T, began operations in Riga, Latvia.Riga upgrades public transport services and rolling stock https://www.intelligenttransport.com/transport-articles/3140/riga-upgrades-public-transport-services-and-rolling-stock/ Intelligent Transport en Space center center right vertical 220 Oblique View of Warm Season Flows in Newton Crater.jpg Image from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter showing photographic evidence of possible liquid water on Mars. NASA announced that its Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured photographic evidence of possible liquid water on Mars on 4 August 2011. CERN LHC Tunnel1.jpg Image of the CERN Large Hadron Collider featuring the main pipe and tracks for transports. The first collisions of CERN's Large Hadron Collider took place on 31 March 2010. Black hole - Messier 87 crop max res.jpg The first-ever image of a supermassive black hole, located in the Messier 87 galaxy, was revealed on 10 April 2019. Spaceflight became increasingly privatized, including crewed spaceflight. SpaceX captures a significant share of the commercial launch market with Falcon 9.https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a27290/one-chart-spacex-dominate-rocket-launches/ One Chart Shows How Much SpaceX Has Come to Dominate Rocket Launches 13 July 2017https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/spacex-revenue-2-billion-from-rockets-last-year-jefferies-estimate.html SpaceX is the No. 1 rocket company by revenue, with $2 billion last year, Jefferies estimates CNBC 20 May 2019 Falcon 9 became the first rocket to land its booster propulsively for reuse, in 2019 most flights reused boosters. Several other companies started working on partially reusable rockets while SpaceX started development of a fully reusable rocket, Starship. Towards the end of the decade around 100 companies were developing rockets for the small satellite market,Clark Stephen https://spaceflightnow.com/2019/01/18/relativity-space-obtains-air-force-approval-for-cape-canaveral-launch-pad/ Relativity Space obtains Air Force approval for Cape Canaveral launch pad Spaceflight Now 18 January 2019 24 January 2019 some have made test flights and Rocketlab's Electron made multiple commercial flights.https://www.rocketlabusa.com/missions/completed-missions/ https://web.archive.org/web/20191206123651/https://www.rocketlabusa.com/missions/completed-missions/ 6 December 2019 Completed missions 6 December 2019 The Space Shuttle was retired in 2011. SpaceX and Boeing developed commercial crewed spacecraft for orbital flights (SpaceX Dragon 2, Starliner), Dragon 2 made its first crewed flights in 2020. Blue Origin develops the crewed New Shepard for suborbital flights. Virgin Galactic develops a spacecraft for suborbital flights and performs first crewed flights. NASA Dawn probe was the first spacecraft to orbit two extraterrestrial bodies,Now Appearing At a Dwarf Planet Near You: NASA's Dawn Mission to the Asteroid Belt Marc Rayman Silicon Valley Astronomy Lectures Foothill College, Los Altos, CA 8 April 2015 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_3jKyqAIqY 2018-07-07 the first spacecraft to visit either Vesta or Ceres, and the first to orbit a dwarf planet,https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/beyond-earth-tagged.pdf Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration, 1958–2016 2 Siddiqi Asif A. 2017059404 978-1-62683-042-4 NASA History Program Office second 2018 SP2018-4041 The NASA history series Washington, DC arriving at Ceres in March 2015, a few months before New Horizons flew by Pluto in July 2015. Other notable developments in astronomy and spaceflight over the decade included: 2011: NASA announced that its Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured photographic evidence of possible liquid water on Mars during warm seasons.4 August 2011 Salt Water May Flow on Mars https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2011/04aug_marsflows 15 July 2018 NASA 2011: The United States' Space Shuttle program officially ended following its last mission, STS-135, flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis.Amos Jonathan 11 October 2010 Obama signs Nasa up to new future – BBC News en-GB BBC News https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-11518049 23 June 2016 2012: SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft became the first private commercial spacecraft to attach to the International Space Station, the first commercial spacecraft to rendezvous with another spacecraft.25 May 2012 SpaceX's Dragon Docks With Space Station—A First http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/05/120525-spacex-dragon-robot-arm-international-space-station-nation/ https://web.archive.org/web/20120527095244/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/05/120525-spacex-dragon-robot-arm-international-space-station-nation/ May 27, 2012 National Geographic 2012: NASA landed the Curiosity rover in Gale crater on Mars.6 August 2012 Mars rover landing miracle of engineering, scientists say Reuters https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-mars-idUSBRE8721A920120806 23 June 2016 2013: The Chinese Chang'e 3 landed on the Moon, the first Lunar landing in 37 years.Rincon Paul 14 December 2013 China lands Jade Rabbit robot rover on Moon – BBC News en-GB BBC News https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-25356603 23 June 2016 2014: The Philae probe from the Rosetta spacecraft landed on the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-GerasimenkoFischer Daniel 6 August 2014 Rendezvous with a crazy world http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2014/0806-fischer-rendezvous-with-a-crazy-world.html The Planetary Society 2014: The Orion spacecraft completed its first test flight, an unmanned orbital and reentry flight.Northon Karen 12 November 2014 NASA's Orion Spacecraft Arrives at Launch Pad, Hoisted onto Rocket Ahead of its First Spaceflight http://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/november/nasa-s-orion-spacecraft-arrives-at-launch-pad-hoisted-onto-rocket-ahead-of-its/index.html 23 June 2016 12 November 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201112022853/http://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/november/nasa-s-orion-spacecraft-arrives-at-launch-pad-hoisted-onto-rocket-ahead-of-its/index.html dead 2015: NASA's Dawn probe entered orbit around Ceres, becoming the first spacecraft to visit a dwarf planet.6 March 2015 NASA Spacecraft Becomes First to Orbit a Dwarf Planet NASA http://www.nasa.gov/press/2015/march/nasa-spacecraft-becomes-first-to-orbit-a-dwarf-planet/index.html 6 March 2015 17 April 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160417141458/http://www.nasa.gov/press/2015/march/nasa-spacecraft-becomes-first-to-orbit-a-dwarf-planet/index.html dead6 March 2015 Nasa's Dawn probe achieves orbit around Ceres BBC https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-31754586 6 March 2015 2015: NASA announced that liquid water had been found on Mars.Evidence of liquid water found on Mars – BBC News BBC News 13 April 2015 https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-32287609 23 June 2016 en-GB 2015: NASA's New Horizons probe became the first spacecraft to reach Pluto, completing its main mission.Excite News – Pluto close-up: Spacecraft makes flyby of icy, mystery world http://apnews.excite.com/article/20150714/us-sci--pluto-1a20f848e7.html 23 June 2016 apnews.excite.com 16 July 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150716165559/http://apnews.excite.com/article/20150714/us-sci--pluto-1a20f848e7.html dead 2015: SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket successfully landed after a launch, making it the first rocket to successfully return and perform a vertical landing.22 December 2015 SpaceX Makes History: Falcon 9 Launches, Lands Vertically https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/innovation/spacex-makes-history-successfully-launches-lands-falcon-9-rocket-n483921 NBC News 2016: The ESA and Roscosmos launched the joint ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter on a mission to Mars.Amos Jonathan 14 March 2016 Mars TGO probe despatched on methane investigation – BBC News en-GB BBC News https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35799792 24 June 2016 2016: SpaceX lands the first reusable rocket, a CRS-8 rocket on a droning platform at sea. 2016: NASA's Juno spacecraft enters orbit around Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet.5 July 2016 Juno probe enters into orbit around Jupiter https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-36710768 5 July 2016 BBC 2016: Solar Impulse 2 becomes the first solar-powered aircraft to circumnavigate the Earth.26 July 2016 Solar Impulse completes historic round-the-world trip https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-36890563 26 July 2016 BBC 2016: Proxima Centauri b is discovered as closest exoplanet to Earth that may be habitable.Amos Jonathan 24 August 2016 Neighbouring star Proxima Centauri has Earth-sized planet BBC News https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-37167390 2016: NASA launches OSIRIS-REx, its first asteroid sample return mission. The probe will visit Bennu and is expected to return with samples in 2023.9 September 2016 NASA's OSIRIS-REx Speeds Toward Asteroid Rendezvous https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-osiris-rex-speeds-toward-asteroid-rendezvous 9 September 2016 NASA9 September 2016 Asteroid probe begins seven-year quest BBC News https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-37309903 9 September 2016 2016: The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, the largest radio telescope in the world, built in Guizhou, China, makes its first light. 2018: SpaceX's Falcon Heavy rocket successfully performs its first flight. As of its launch it was the most powerful rocket in operation.Yuhas Alan 6 February 2018 SpaceX Falcon Heavy launch: world's most powerful rocket blasts off – live The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/science/live/2018/feb/06/spacex-falcon-heavy-launch-elon-musk-live-updates live https://web.archive.org/web/20180206215645/https://www.theguardian.com/science/live/2018/feb/06/spacex-falcon-heavy-launch-elon-musk-live-updates 6 February 2018 2018: NASA's Kepler mission ends after the spacecraft runs out of fuel.Wall Mike October 30 Space com Senior Writer ET 2018 03:10pm RIP, Kepler: NASA's Revolutionary Planet-Hunting Telescope Runs Out of Fuel https://www.space.com/41363-kepler-exoplanet-hunting-telescope-dead.html Space.com 30 October 2018 2018: NASA's Dawn mission concludes after it runs out of hydrazine fuel.NASA's Dawn Mission to Asteroid Belt Comes to End https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7275 NASA/JPL 2019: Chinese probe Chang'e 4 becomes the first human-made object to land on the far side of the Moon.Moss Trefor 3 January 2019 China Lands Probe on the 'Dark Side' of the Moon The Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-lands-probe-on-dark-side-of-the-moon-11546493599 3 January 2019 2019: NASA concludes the 15-year Opportunity rover mission after being unable to wake the rover from hibernation.Ryan Jackson 13 February 2019 NASA's history-making Mars rover Opportunity declared dead https://www.cnet.com/news/nasa-history-making-mars-rover-opportunity-declared-dead/ 14 February 2019 CNET 2019: The first image of the supermassive black hole inside galaxy Messier 87 was captured by the Event Horizon Telescope.Grossman Lisa Conover Emily 10 April 2019 The first picture of a black hole opens a new era of astrophysics https://www.sciencenews.org/article/black-hole-first-picture-event-horizon-telescope Science News 11 April 2019 Computing and artificial intelligence The number of internet users doubled from about 2 billion to about 4 billion, surpassing half the world population in 2018.https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx ITU – Statistics 9 December 2019 Smartphones became increasingly common due to a rapid increase in sales.https://www.statista.com/statistics/263437/global-smartphone-sales-to-end-users-since-2007/ Number of smartphones sold to end users worldwide from 2007 to 2020 9 December 2019 Their applications and use time by the average user increased, too.https://newatlas.com/computers/smartphones-streaming-social-media-technology-decade-transformed-2010s/ Smartphones, streaming & social media: Tech that shaped us in the 2010s 4 December 2019 Google develops the world's first self-driving car to be licensed for use on public roads.https://www.waymo.com/journey/ Journey – Waymohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHbMt6WDhQ8 Say hello to Waymo YouTube 13 December 2016 2019-12-05 2019-12-30 https://web.archive.org/web/20191230224137/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHbMt6WDhQ8 live It was the first driverless ride that was on a public road and was not accompanied by a test driver or police escort. The car had no steering wheel or floor pedals.http://www.complex.com/life/2016/12/blind-man-rides-self-driving-google-car-by-himself Google Confirms First Ever Driverless Self-Driving Car Ride Debbie Encalada Complex Media December 14, 2016 In 2012, Google Chrome became the world's most used web browser, displacing former long-time frontrunner Internet Explorer.https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/internet/9280254/Google-Chrome-beats-Internet-Explorer-to-become-worlds-most-popular-web-browser.html Google Chrome beats Internet Explorer to become world's most popular web browser Telegraph Matt Warman 27 May 2012 21 May 2012 Microsoft announces Windows Mixed Reality (previously Windows Holographic). Quantum computers made rapid progress.https://www.quantamagazine.org/does-nevens-law-describe-quantum-computings-rise-20190618/ A New Law to Describe Quantum Computing's Rise? Quanta Magazine June 18, 2019 Hartnett Kevin In 2019 Google announced to have achieved quantum supremacy,https://ai.googleblog.com/2019/10/quantum-supremacy-using-programmable.html Quantum Supremacy Using a Programmable Superconducting Processor 23 October 2019 23 October 2019https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-50154993 Google claims 'quantum supremacy' for computer 23 October 2019 23 October 2019 BBC NewsHello quantum world! Google publishes landmark quantum supremacy claim 23 October 2019 Nature 574 7779 461–462 10.1038/d41586-019-03213-z 31645740 Gibney Elizabeth 2019Natur.574..461G freeQuantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor 23 October 2019 Nature 574 7779 505–510 10.1038/s41586-019-1666-5 1910.11333 31645734 Arute Frank Arya Kunal 1 2019Natur.574..505A free although this claim is disputed.https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2019/10/on-quantum-supremacy/ On "Quantum Supremacy" 21 October 2019 23 October 2019 IBM During this decade artificial intelligence based on deep learning neural networks experienced rapid advancement, resulting in multiple practical applications in diverse fields such as speech and image recognition, social network moderation, virtual assistants, surveillance, healthcare or even art generation.Rachel Metz How AI came to rule our lives over the last decade https://www.cnn.com/2019/12/21/tech/artificial-intelligence-decade/index.html 2020-11-17 CNN 21 December 2019 In 2016, Google artificial intelligence program AlphaGo beat human grandmaster in the game of Go for the first time.AlphaGo's Designers Explore New AI After Winning Big in China en-us Wired https://www.wired.com/2017/05/win-china-alphagos-designers-explore-new-ai/ 2020-11-17 1059-1028 Legal issues In August 2010, Oracle sued Google for copyright and patent infringement over the use of Java-related technology in Google's popular Android operating system for smartphones and tablet computers. Oracle asserted Google was aware that they had developed Android without a Java license and copied its APIs, creating the copyright violation. Oracle cited patents related to the Java technology created by Sun and now owned by Oracle that Google should have been aware of.https://www.reuters.com/article/2010/08/13/us-google-oracle-android-lawsuit-idUKTRE67B5G720100813 Oracle sues Google over Android Reuters August 13, 2010 June 1, 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20150112215632/http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/08/13/us-google-oracle-android-lawsuit-idUKTRE67B5G720100813 January 12, 2015 https://www.cnet.com/news/oracle-sues-google-over-android-and-java/ Oracle sues Google over Android and Java Tom Krazit August 13, 2010 March 28, 2018 CNet Following an unprecedented internet protest and blackout campaign in 2012 in which many popular websites took part, the widely criticised Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) bill was temporarily withdrawn in the US Congress, pending resolution of the issues identified. Software development Collaborative source code sharing website GitHub becomes in 2011 the world's most popular open source hosting site,ReadWriteWeb 26 May 2012 2 Jun 2011 Klint Finley http://www.readwriteweb.com/hack/2011/06/github-has-passed-sourceforge.php GitHub Has Surpassed Sourceforge and Google Code in Popularity https://web.archive.org/web/20120530022611/http://www.readwriteweb.com/hack/2011/06/github-has-passed-sourceforge.php 2012-05-30 after in the previous decade attaining the title of the world's most popular Git hosting site.http://www.survs.com/WO/WebObjects/Survs.woa/wa/shareResults?survey=2PIMZGU0&rndm=678J66QRA2 Git User's Survey 2009 2012-05-26 2018-02-21 https://web.archive.org/web/20180221162111/https://survs.com/WO/WebObjects/Survs.woa/wa/shareResults?survey=2PIMZGU0&rndm=678J66QRA2 Physics 2012: The Higgs boson is discovered, completing the discovery of particles of the Standard Model.O'Luanaigh C. 14 March 2013 New results indicate that new particle is a Higgs boson http://home.web.cern.ch/about/updates/2013/03/new-results-indicate-new-particle-higgs-boson CERN 2013-10-09 2015-10-20 https://web.archive.org/web/20151020000722/http://home.web.cern.ch/about/updates/2013/03/new-results-indicate-new-particle-higgs-boson dead Media and Press relations https://home.cern/news/news/cern/lhc-experiments-delve-deeper-precision LHC experiments delve deeper into precision 11 July 2017 CERN 2017-07-23 2016: Gravitational waves are detected for the first time.Gravitational Waves Detected 100 Years After Einstein's Prediction https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/news/ligo20160211 LIGO 11 February 2016 13 February 2016Abbott, B.P. Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 6 061102 2016 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102 etal 2016PhRvL.116f1102A 26918975 1602.03837 119286014 Robotics and machine learning In 2019, a robot is developed at MIT that can do multiple experiments in fluid dynamics at high speed.Intelligent tow tank automatically carries out 100,000 experiments in just one year https://web.archive.org/web/20191207004732/https://techxplore.com/news/2019-12-intelligent-tank-automatically-year.html 2019-12-07 , by Bob Yirka, DECEMBER 5, 2019. Biology Organisms Researchers at Harvard report the creation of "cyborg organoids", which consist of 3D organoids grown from stem cells, with embedded sensors to measure activity in the developmental process.Cyborg organoids offer rare view into early stages of development https://www.seas.harvard.edu/news/2019/08/cyborg-organoids-offer-rare-view-into-early-stages-of-development 8 August 2019 Harvard 12 August 2019 Genetics In 2019, Scientists announce a new form of DNA, named Hachimoji DNA, composed of four natural and four unnatural nucleobases. Benefits of such an eight-base DNA system may include an enhanced ability to store digital data, as well as insights into what may be possible in the search for extraterrestrial life.Hoshika Shuichi etal Hachimoji DNA and RNA: A genetic system with eight building blocks (paywall) 22 February 2019 Science 363 6429 884–887 10.1126/science.aat0971 30792304 6413494 2019Sci...363..884H Zimmer Carl Carl Zimmer DNA Gets a New and Bigger Genetic Alphabet https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/21/science/dna-hachimoji-genetic-alphabet.html 21 February 2019 The New York Times 21 February 2019 In 2019, Scientists report that the purportedly first-ever germline genetically edited humans, the twin babies Lulu and Nana, by Chinese researcher He Jiankui, may have inadvertently (or perhaps, intentionallyBelluz Julia CRISPR babies: the Chinese government may have known more than it let on https://www.vox.com/2019/3/4/18245864/chinese-scientist-crispr 4 March 2019 Vox 6 March 2019 ) had their brains enhanced.Regalado Antonio China's CRISPR twins might have had their brains inadvertently enhanced https://www.technologyreview.com/s/612997/the-crispr-twins-had-their-brains-altered/ 21 February 2019 MIT Technology Review 21 February 2019 In 2019, Researchers design an inhalable form of messenger RNA aerosol that could be administered directly to the lungs to help treat diseases such as cystic fibrosis.Engineers create an inhalable form of messenger RNA https://news.mit.edu/2019/inhalable-messenger-rna-lung-disease-0104 4 January 2019 MIT News 9 January 2019 Medicine 2010s in medicine In 2019, medical scientists announce that iridium attached to albumin, creating a photosensitized molecule, can penetrate cancer cells and, after being irradiated with light (a process called photodynamic therapy), destroy the cancer cells.University of Warwick Simply shining light on dinosaur metal compound kills cancer cells https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/uow-ssl013119.php 3 February 2019 EurekAlert! 3 February 2019 University of Warwick 4 February 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190204044138/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/uow-ssl013119.php dead Zhang, Pingyu et al Nucleus-Targeted Organoiridium–Albumin Conjugate for Photodynamic Cancer Therapy 15 December 2018 Angewandte Chemie 58 8 2350–2354 10.1002/anie.201813002 30552796 6468315 Gallery See also Science Technology Timeline of computing 2010–19 History of science and technology List of science and technology articles by continent List of years in science References Category:Science and technology by decade Category:2010s-related lists