1223 Neckar

Asteroid September 2026 yes 1223 Neckar #D6D6D6 001223-asteroid shape model (1223) Neckar.png Shape model of Neckar from its lightcurve 6 October 1931 K. Reinmuth Heidelberg Obs. (1223) Neckar 1931 TG1930 MN1931 TA 11953 FCA907 VDA909 BDA917 XCA917 YA Neckar (German river) main-belt(outer)Koronis 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5) 0 109.58 yr (40,025 d) 3.0395 AU 2.6977 AU 2.8686 AU 0.0596 4.86 yr (1,775 d) 235.10° 0.2029 ms / day 2.5448° 40.812° 15.444° 22.783 0.213 km23.06 0.56 km24.68 0.55 km25.736 0.261 km26.07 0.86 km27.96 km (derived) 7.763 h7.80 0.06 h7.81 h7.82124 h7.82401 0.00005 h7.827 0.0036 h8.6 h (wrong)LCDB-Tedesco-19798.78 h (wrong) 0.1230.1461 0.02710.152 0.0250.170 0.0120.201 0.011 Tholen SSB–V 0.840U–B 0.405 10.16 0.10 (R)10.304 0.002 (R)10.51 0.2810.5810.66 1223 Neckar, provisional designation 1931 TG, is a stony Koronian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 25 km mi off 2 us in diameter. Discovered by Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in 1931, the asteroid was named for the German river Neckar. The S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 7.8 hours. Discovery Neckar was discovered on 6 October 1931, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. Five nights later, it was independently discovered by Fernand Rigaux at Uccle in Belgium. The Minor Planet Center only acknowledges the first discoverer. The asteroid was observed as A907 VD at Heidelberg in November 1907, extending its observation arc by 24 years prior to its official discovery observation. Orbit and classification Neckar is a core member of the Koronis family (605), a very large outer asteroid family with nearly co-planar ecliptical orbits. The family, named after 158 Koronis, is thought to have been formed at least two billion years ago in a catastrophic collision between two larger bodies. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 10 months (1,775 days; semi-major axis of 2.87 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic. Physical characteristics In the Tholen classification, Neckar is a common stony S-type asteroid. It has also been characterized as an S-type by Pan-STARRS. Rotation period Best rated rotational lightcurve of Neckar gave a rotation period of 7.763 and 7.81 hours with a brightness variation of 0.18 and 0.45 magnitude, respectively (U=3/3). Photometric observations taken by Richard Binzel and Ed Tedesco in the 1970s and 1980s, however, gave a longer period and are now considered incorrect (U=0/0).LCDB-Tedesco-1979 Two lightcurves in the R-band with a period of 7.80 and 7.8273 hours (Δ0.21/0.28 mag) were also obtained at the Palomar Transient Factory in 2010 and 2014, respectively (U=2/2). Neckars spin axes has been determined several times. The best rated result, from a group led by Polish astronomers, gave two poles at (70.0°, 45.0°) and (225.0°, 42.0°) in ecliptic coordinates. Diameter and albedo According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Neckar measures between 22.783 and 26.07 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.146 and 0.201. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts an albedo of 0.123 obtained by Morrison in the 1970s, and derives a diameter of 27.96 kilometers using an absolute magnitude of 10.66. Naming This minor planet was named after the river Neckar, running through the southwestern parts of Germany and in particular through the city of Heidelberg, location of the discovering observatory. The river origins in the Black Forrest and flows into the Rhine river. Naming citation was first mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 113). Notes LCDB-Tedesco-1979 Tedesco (1979) web: rotation period 8.6 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.45 mag. Summary figures for (1223) Neckar at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL). References 2017-06-02 last obs. JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1223 Neckar (1931 TG) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001223 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 3 May 2018 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1223) Neckar Schmadel Lutz D. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 102 2007 978-3-540-00238-3 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1224 (1223) Neckar 1223 Neckar (1931 TG) Minor Planet Center https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1223 3 May 2018 6 Joseph R. Masiero T. Grav A. K. Mainzer C. R. Nugent J. M. Bauer R. Stevenson S. Sonnett August 2014 Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos The Astrophysical Journal 791 2 11 2014ApJ...791..121M 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121 1406.6645 119293330 Asteroid 1223 Neckar – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0 Small Bodies Data Ferret https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1223+Neckar#Asteroid%201223%20NeckarEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0 26 October 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20191208234151/https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1223+Neckar#Asteroid%201223%20NeckarEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0 8 December 2019 dead 1223 3 May 2018 6 Fumihiko Usui Daisuke Kuroda Thomas G. Müller Sunao Hasegawa Masateru Ishiguro Takafumi Ootsubo Daisuke Ishihara Hirokazu Kataza Satoshi Takita Shinki Oyabu Munetaka Ueno Hideo Matsuhara Takashi Onaka October 2011 Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 5 1117–1138 2011PASJ...63.1117U 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 free (online, 臼井文彦 Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey with AKARI / 「あかり」衛星による小惑星の中間赤外線サーベイ 東京大学 博士論文 乙第17829号 2013 153(p.1-178) 東京大学 http://id.nii.ac.jp/1696/00031150/ 10.15083/00007191)) 6 A. Mainzer T. Grav J. Masiero E. Hand J. Bauer D. Tholen R. S. McMillan T. Spahr R. M. Cutri E. Wright J. Watkins W. Mo C. Maleszewski November 2011 NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results The Astrophysical Journal 741 2 25 2011ApJ...741...90M 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 1109.6407 35447010 (catalog) Morrison, D. Zellner, B. December 1978 Polarimetry and radiometry of the asteroids In: Asteroids. (A80-24551 08-91) Tucson 1090–1097 1979aste.book.1090M Sunao Hasegawa Thomas G. Müller Daisuke Kuroda Satoshi Takita Fumihiko Usui April 2013 The Asteroid Catalog Using AKARI IRC Slow-Scan Observations Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 65 2 11 2013PASJ...65...34H 10.1093/pasj/65.2.34 1210.7557 6 Joseph R. Masiero A. K. Mainzer T. Grav J. M. Bauer R. M. Cutri C. Nugent M. S. Cabrera November 2012 Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 1 5 2012ApJ...759L...8M 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 1209.5794 46350317 Binzel, R. P. October 1987 A photoelectric survey of 130 asteroids Icarus 72 1 135–208 0019-1035 1987Icar...72..135B 10.1016/0019-1035(87)90125-4 Stephen M. Slivan Richard P. Binzel December 1996 Forty-eight New Rotation Lightcurves of 12 Koronis Family Asteroids Icarus 124 2 452–470 1996Icar..124..452S 10.1006/icar.1996.0222 6 T. Michalowski W. Pych J. Berthier A. Kryszczynska T. Kwiatkowski J. Boussuge S. Fauvaud P. Denchev R. Baranowski November 2000 CCD photometry, spin and shape models of five asteroids: 225, 360, 416, 516, and 1223 Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 146 3 471–479 2000A&AS..146..471M 10.1051/aas:2000282 free Stephen M. Slivan Richard P. Binzel Lucy D. Crespo da Silva Mikko Kaasalainen Mariah M. Lyndaker Marko Krco April 2003 Spin vectors in the Koronis family: comprehensive results from two independent analyses of 213 rotation lightcurves Icarus 162 2 285–307 2003Icar..162..285S 10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00029-0 6 Hanus, J. Durech, J. Broz, M. Warner, B. D. Pilcher, F. Stephens, R. Oey, J. Bernasconi, L. Casulli, S. Behrend, R. Polishook, D. Henych, T. Lehký, M. Yoshida, F. Ito, T. June 2011 A study of asteroid pole-latitude distribution based on an extended set of shape models derived by the lightcurve inversion method Astronomy & Astrophysics 530 16 2011A&A...530A.134H 10.1051/0004-6361/201116738 1104.4114 6 Adam Waszczak Chan-Kao Chang Eran O. Ofek Russ Laher Frank Masci David Levitan Jason Surace Yu-Chi Cheng Wing-Huen Ip Daisuke Kinoshita George Helou Thomas A. Prince Shrinivas Kulkarni September 2015 Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry The Astronomical Journal 150 3 35 2015AJ....150...75W 10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75 1504.04041 8342929 6 Chan-Kao Chang Hsing-Wen Lin Wing-Huen Ip Ip Wing-huen Thomas A. Prince Shrinivas R. Kulkarni David Levitan Russ Laher Jason Surace December 2016 Large Super-fast Rotator Hunting Using the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 227 2 13 2016ApJS..227...20C 10.3847/0067-0049/227/2/20 1608.07910 30387146 free 6 Peter Veres Robert Jedicke Alan Fitzsimmons Larry Denneau Mikael Granvik Bryce Bolin Serge Chastel Richard J. Wainscoat William S. Burgett Kenneth C. Chambers Heather Flewelling Nick Kaiser Eugen A. Magnier Jeff S. Morgan Paul A. Price John L. Tonry Christopher Waters November 2015 Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results Icarus 261 34–47 2015Icar..261...34V 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 1506.00762 53493339 External links Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html 16 December 2017 ) Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR https://web.archive.org/web/20160729213840/http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html 29 July 2016 – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center 1223 1222 Tina 1223 1224 Fantasia 001223 Category:Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth Category:Named minor planets 001223 19311006