(470316) 2007 OC10

Elongated scattered-disc object yes (470316) 2007 OC 10 #C2E0FF Megan Schwamb, Michael E. Brown Palomar Obs. (Using the Samuel Oschin telescope) July 22, 2007 (470316) 2007 OC 10 TNOSDODetached object (barycentric)barycentric These orbital elements are expressed in terms of the Solar System Barycenter (SSB) as the frame of reference. Due to planetary perturbations, the Sun revolves around the SSB at non-negligible distances, so heliocentric-frame orbital elements and distances (such as those given in JPL's Small-Body Database) can vary on short timescales. 2 March 2019 (JD 2458544.5) 1 6716 days (18.39 years) 64.4304 AU 35.4579 AU 49.94416 AU 0.29005 352.968 years 11.8479° 0.002792396 ms / day 21.654° 258.0456° 52.3971° 34.4869 AU 01 430 20 14 km × 282 48 46 km 330 56 55 km (area equivalent)308.498 44.653 44.312 km 0.112 0.021 0.0500.1529 0.0443 0.044 CO 2-type ("double-dip")B-V 0.86 0.07V-R 0.57 0.07V-I 1.01 0.09SsoCard Estimates of color indices from SsoCard is: B-V 0.8674 0.0783, V-R 0.5533 0.07, V-I 1.0233 0.0722 21.02 (2022)2421.14 0.166 (2014)20.98 0.05 (2009) 5.215.40 0.02 (2025)5.70 0.32 (2018) (470316) 2007 OC 10 is a trans-Neptunian object. It was discovered on 22 July 2007, by Megan Schwamb and Michael E. Brown using discovery images taken by the Samuel Oschin telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California. 2007 OC 10 is a scattered disc object, which is a group of TNOs that have distant, inclined, and eccentric orbits that come close to Neptune at perihelion. 2007 OC 10 measures approximately 330 56 55 km in diameter, and has an elongated shape with semi-axes of 430 20 14 km × 282 48 46 km. It has a projected axis ratio of b/a = 0.58 0.16. Observation history Discovery thumb|right|The 1.2-meter Samuel Oschin telescope that was used to discover 2007 OC 10 at Palomar Observatory on 22 July 2007 2007 OC 10 was discovered on 22 July 2007, by Megan Schwamb and Michael E. Brown of the California Institute of Technology using discovery images taken by the 1.2-meter Samuel Oschin telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California. Its discovery was a part of the Palomar Distant Solar System Survey, which aimed to find objects in the region around Sedna, farther than 50 AU from the Sun. The survey was designed to detect the movements of objects that were at least 1,000 AU from the Sun. The discovery was announced on 6 September 2007, and confirmed in 2008 by the 1.5-meter Cassegrain telescope, also at the Palomar Observatory. Further observations The observation arc of 2007 OC 10 begins with the official discovery observation on 22 July 2007. Since then, 2007 OC 10 has been observed by various telescopes, including the Herschel Space Observatory and ground-based telescopes. As of September 2026, a total of 449 observations had been recorded over a period of 18.39 years (which is its observation arc). The most recent observation was made on 10 December 2025 at the F51 – Pan-STARRS 1, Haleakala. 2007 OC 10 has not been imaged by high-resolution telescopes yet, so it does not have any known natural satellites or moons, which means there is currently no way to measure its mass and density.1,3 2007 OC 10 is scheduled for observation with the Hubble Space Telescope in 2026.35 2022 Double star occultation vertical right 380 Comparison of occultation predictions fig.5 in 2007 OC10 2025 Gómez Limón Occultation paper.jpg 2007 OC10 Occultation paper fig.4 (Gómez Limón 2025 paper).jpg Comparison of occultation predictions of 2007 OC 10 Occultation data of 2007 OC 10 A stellar occultation occurs when an astronomical object passes in front of a star, blocking the star's light temporarily. A 2025 study led by Gómez Limón predicted an occultation of the star Gaia DR3 2727866328215869952, which has a visible apparent magnitude of 15.23 by 2007 OC 10 on 22 August 2022. Four observation stations successfully detected the occultation. They determined the size, shape, and geometric albedo of 2007 OC 10. The occultation data show that Gaia DR3 2727866328215869952 is actually a double star. The secondary star is approximately 1.18 0.07 magnitudes fainter than the primary star. It has an angular separation of 57 4 11 mas, and a position angle of 56 3 17 degrees with respect to the primary star. Provisional designation and numbering The object was formally given the provisional designation 2007 OC 10 by the Minor Planet Center on 6 September 2007. The provisional designation of 2007 OC 10 indicates its discovery date, the first letter represents the second half of July and the second letter and numbers means that it is the 253rd object discovered during that half-month.The second letter 'C' indicates that it is the 3rd object discovered on the 11th cycle of discoveries. Each completed cycle consists of 25 letters representing discoveries, hence 3 + (10 completed cycles × 25 letters) 253. 2007 OC 10 was later assigned the minor planet number 470316 by the IAU. As of 2026, 2007 OC 10 has not been officially given any name by the International Astronomical Union. Orbit and classification September 2026 2007 OC 10 is a trans-Neptunian object orbiting the Sun at a semi-major axis or average orbital distance of approximately 49.9 astronomical units.barycentric It follows a highly tilted and elliptical orbit, with an eccentricity of 0.290 and inclination of 21.65° with respect to the ecliptic.barycentric During its 350-year orbital period, 2007 OC 10 comes within 35.5 AU from the Sun at perihelion and up to 64.4 AU at aphelion.barycentric 2007 OC 10 belongs to the scattered disc, which is a population of TNOs that have distant, inclined, and eccentric orbits that come close to Neptune at perihelion. The scattered disc population, which includes the dwarf planets Eris and Gonggong, are strongly influenced by Neptune's gravitational perturbations and consequently experience gravitational scattering.52 2007 OC 10 is classified as a scattered disc object by Johnston's archive. Physical characteristics Size and shape September 2026 thumb|right|The second largest asteroid, 4 Vesta and Trans-Neptunian object 2007 OC 10 size and true color comparison. Observations of stellar occultations show that 2007 OC 10 is a highly flattened and elongated object with an equatorial diameter of 430 20 14 km and a polar diameter of approximately 282 48 46 km km. 2007 OC 10 measures approximately 330 56 55 km in area equivalent diameter, and has a projected axis ratio of b/a = 0.58 0.16. Mass and density 2007 OC 10 has not been imaged by high-resolution telescopes yet, so it does not have any known natural satellites or moons, which means there is currently no way to measure its mass and density.1,3 2007 OC 10 is scheduled for observation with the Hubble Space Telescope in 2026,35 if those observations discover a moon, they could lead to a measurement of the mass and density of 2007 OC 10.1,3 Interior and Grundy's hypothesis 2007 OC 10's size is large enough that Mike Brown classified it as a possible dwarf planet, putting it in the 'possibly' zone. However, scientists such as William M. Grundy have proposed the class of "mid-sized" TNOs between 400 and 1000 km mi in diameter, which are believed to represent the transition between small, low-density TNOs and large, high-density dwarf planets.1 Planetary scientists have hypothesized that mid-sized TNOs in the lower range of 400–1000 km should have highly porous and unheated interiors, because TNOs in the lower range of the zone (such as Uni and Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà) have been found to have low densities around 1 g/cm3. Since 2007 OC 10 has an estimated diameter of only 330 km, it falls below this transition zone. Surface Composition and spectrum September 2026 thumb|left|Spectrum of 2007 OC 10 is shown on the top. The spectrum and surface composition of 2007 OC 10 is classified as a CO 2-type ("double-dip") TNO. These objects are most regularly found on dynamically excited orbits such as those in the hot classical Kuiper belt.234,236CO2-type The "double-dip" TNO spectral type were later renamed to the "CO 2-type" in 2025. The CO 2 type TNO has 2 adjacent absorption minima in the 3 μm region, making a double dip shape. Their spectra is mostly dominated by carbon dioxide ices, carbon monoxide ices, and isotopologue ices, with other iradiation products like light hydrocarbons. The CO 2-type TNOs such as 2007 OC 10 is the most common spectral type in the Disco sample. It is hypothesized that 2007 OC 10 has gone through clustering.239 Color, albedo, brightness and visibility from Earth September 2026 2007 OC 10’s albedo has been measured to be 0.112 0.021 0.050. It has color indices of: B-V 0.86 0.07, V-R 0.57 0.07, and V-I of 1.01 0.09. It has an apparent magnitude of 21.02.24 Search for moons September 2026 A 2026 study found that 2007 OC 10 has no sizable moons. If it does have a moon, the moon would need to have a diameter smaller than 131.2 km. See also (84922) 2003 VS 2 a mid-sized trans-Neptunian object (612533) 2002 XV 93 a mid-sized trans-Neptunian object (144897) 2004 UX 10 a similarly sized trans-Neptunian object List of trans-Neptunian objects List of minor planets: 470001–471000 Notes References 30em 2025-12-10 last obs. JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2007 OC10) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=2007%20OC10 Jet Propulsion Laboratory Gómez-Limón J. M. Leiva R. Ortiz J. L. Morales N. Kretlow M. Vara-Lubiano M. Santos-Sanz P. Álvarez-Candal A. Rizos J. L. Duffard R. Fernández-Valenzuela E. Kilic Y. Cikota S. Sicardy B. Bragas-Ribas F. Alarcon M. R. Aliş S. Benkhaldoun Z. Burdanov A. de Wit J. Calavia Belloc S. Calvo Fernández J. Canales Moreno O. Catanzaro G. Fişek S. Frasca A. Iglesias-Marzoa R. Infante-Sainz R. Jiménez-Guisado A. Kaspi S. Kuutma T. Lafuente Aznar D. Licandro J. Maestre J. L. Martorell P. Nastasi A. Occhipinti G. Perelló C. Rinner C. Samper-Doménech B. San Segundo A. Santana-Ros T. Serra-Ricart M. May 2025 Size and shape of the trans-Neptunian object (470316) 2007 OC10 Astronomy & Astrophysics 697 A14 10.1051/0004-6311/202451540 6 September 2026 https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/05/aa53540-24/aa53540-24.html 2025-05-22 https://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/tnoslist.html List of known trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs Robert Johnston October 1, 2025 en http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=470316 Asteroid number 470316 MPC MPEC 2007-R27: 2007 OC10 IAU 2007-09-06 https://minorplanetcenter.net//mpec/K07/K07R27.html 2026-04-21 en MPC MPC/MPO/MPS Archive IAU https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html 2026-04-28 en MPC MPEC 2008-J66: 2007 OC10 IAU 2008-05-12 https://minorplanetcenter.net//mpec/K08/K08J66.html 2019-03-28 en Brett Gladman Brian G. Marsden Christa VanLaerhoven Nomenclature in the Outer Solar System https://www.lpi.usra.edu/books/ssbn2008/7002.pdf The Solar System Beyond Neptune University of Arizona Press 2008 43–57 9780816527557 astro-ph/0702538 2008ssbn.book...43G 14469199 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20230801104434/https://www.lpi.usra.edu/books/ssbn2008/7002.pdf 1 August 2023 A Search For The Moons of Mid-Sized TNOs https://www.stsci.edu/hst-program-info/download/hst/pdf/18010/ Benjamin Proudfoot Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes Space Telescope Science Institute August 2025 HST Proposal 18010 Cycle 33 2025-08-17 etal W. M. Grundy W. B. McKinnon E. Ammannito M. Aung J. Bellerose F. Brenker Exploration Strategy for the Ice Dwarf Planets 2013-2022 https://www.lpi.usra.edu/decadal/sbag/community_wp/SB_Community_WP_Final_Dwarfs.pdf American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2009 December 2009 P43D-1471 2009AGUFM.P43D1471G dead https://web.archive.org/web/20250330030249/https://www.lpi.usra.edu/decadal/sbag/community_wp/SB_Community_WP_Final_Dwarfs.pdf 2025-03-30 M. E. Schwamb Megan Schwamb M. E. Brown Michael E. Brown D. L. Rabinowitz David L. Rabinowitz D. Ragozzine 25 August 2010 Properties of the Distant Kuiper Belt: Results from the Palomar Distant Solar System Survey The Astrophysical Journal Letters 720 2 1691–1707 10.1088/0004-637X/720/2/1691 1007.2954 2010ApJ...720.1691S 5853566 etal Noemí Pinilla-Alonso Rosario Brunetto Mário N. De Prá Bryan J. Holler Elsa Hénault Ana Carolina de Souza Feliciano A JWST/DiSCo-TNOs portrait of the primordial Solar System through its trans-Neptunian objects https://hal.science/hal-04961629v1/file/s41550-024-02433-2.pdf Nature Astronomy December 2024 9 2 230–244 10.1038/s41550-024-02433-2 2025NatAs...9..230P 274932942 JPL/HORIZONS (470316) 2007 OC10 (Barycentric) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%27470316%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%27JD2461000.5%27&STOP_TIME=%27JD2461001.5%27&STEP_SIZE=%271y%27&CENTER=%27@0%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27 JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System Jet Propulsion Laboratory 2026-08-27 Solution using the Solar System Barycenter. Ephemeris Type: Elements and Center: @0) JPL/HORIZONS (470316) 2007 OC10 (Heliocentric) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND='470316'&TABLE_TYPE='ELEMENTS'&START_TIME='JD2460800.5'&STOP_TIME='JD2461000.5'&STEP_SIZE='200d'&CENTER='500@10'&OUT_UNITS='AU-D' JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System Jet Propulsion Laboratory 2026-08-27 Solution using the Sun. Ephemeris Type: Elements and Center: @sun) Perna D. Dotto E. Barucci M. A. Mazzotta Epifani E. 3 June 2013 Photometry and taxonomy of trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs in support of a Herschel key program (Table 2) Astronomy & Astrophysics 554 A49 10.1051/0004-6361/201219859 free https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2013/06/aa19859-12/T2.html 2013A&A...554A..49P ohainaut@eso.org MBOSS-2 http://www.eso.org/~ohainaut/MBOSS/mbossRef.bib.html#Per+13 2026-08-27 www.eso.org How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? California Institute of Technology Michael E. Brown Michael E. Brown http://web.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/dps.html 13 September 2019 16 August 2026 https://web.archive.org/web/20191013130649/http://web.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/dps.html 13 October 2019 live W. M. Grundy K. S. Noll M. W. Buie S. D. Benecchi D. Ragozzine H. G. Roe The Mutual Orbit, Mass, and Density of Transneptunian Binary Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà ((229762) 2007 UK 126) http://www2.lowell.edu/users/grundy/abstracts/preprints/2019.G-G.pdf Icarus December 2019 334 30–38 10.1016/j.icarus.2018.12.037 2019Icar..334...30G 126574999 7 April 2019 7 May 2026 https://web.archive.org/web/20190407045339/http://www2.lowell.edu/~grundy/abstracts/preprints/2019.G-G.pdf dead Scott Sheppard Yanga Fernandez Arielle Moullet The Albedos, Sizes, Colors and Satellites of Dwarf Planets Compared with Newly Measured Dwarf Planet 2013 FY27 The Astronomical Journal 156 6 270 6 September 2018 1809.02184 10.3847/1538-3881/aae92a 2018AJ....156..270S 119522310 free etal Bryan J. Holler Rosario Brunetto Dale P. Cruikshank Sasha Cryan Aurelie Guilbert-Lepoutre Brittany Harvison A Descriptive Taxonomic Nomenclature for Intermediate-sized Trans-Neptunian Object Spectra Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society September 2025 9 9 241 free 10.3847/2515-5172/ae03a2 2025RNAAS...9..241H Licandro Javier Pinilla-Alonso Noemí Holler Bryan J. De Prá Mário N. Melita Mario de Souza Feliciano Ana Carolina Brunetto Rosario Guilbert-Lepoutre Aurélie Hénault Elsa Lorenzi Vania Stansberry John A. Schambeau Charles A. Harvison Brittany Pendleton Yvonne J. Cruikshank Dale P. Müller Thomas McClure Lucas Emery Joshua P. Peixinho Nuno Bannister Michele T. Wong Ian Thermal evolution of trans-Neptunian objects through observations of Centaurs with JWST Nature Astronomy 9 2 2024-12-19 2397-3366 10.1038/s41550-024-02417-2 245–251 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-024-02417-2 2026-08-30 J. M. Gómez-Limón R. Leiva Probing close-in satellites of Trans-Neptunian Objects through thermal and direct size measurements 2026-05-21 2605.22296 J. L. Ortiz P. Santos-Sanz M. Kretlow Y. Kilic J. L. Rizos A. Álvarez-Candal T. G. Müller Astronomy and Astrophysics 711 A268 10.1051/0004-6361/202659591 free 2026A&A...711A.268G Gray Bill MPECs for 2007 Project Pluto https://www.projectpluto.com/mpecs/2007.htm az 2026-08-31 How Are Minor Planets Named? https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/info/HowNamed.html Minor Planet Center 2026-08-31 Gómez-Limón Gallardo José María Leiva Rodrigo Ortiz José Luis Morales Nicolás Kretlow Mike Kilic Yücel Santos-Sanz Pablo Álvarez-Candal Álvaro Fernández-Valenzuela Estela Rizos Juan Luis Rommel Flavia Luane Duffard René Vara-Lubiano Mónica  Analysis of a double star occultation by TNO (470316) 2007 OC European Planetary Science Congress Copernicus GmbH 2024-09-08 10.5194/epsc2024-472 free 2024EPSC...17..472M Perna D. Dotto E. Barucci M. A. Mazzotta Epifani E. Villenius E. Dall'Ora M. Fornasier S. Müller T. G. etal June 2013 Photometry and taxonomy of trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs in support of a Herschel key program Astronomy & Astrophysics 554 A49 10.1051/0004-6361/201219859 free 2013A&A...554A..49P https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2013/06/aa19859-12/aa19859-12.html 2026-09-02 Ayala-Loera C. Alvarez Candal A. Absolute colours and phase coefficients of trans-Neptunian objects: Correlations and Populations https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/72618968/1808-libre.pdf?1635042926=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DAbsolute_colours_and_phase_coefficients.pdf&Expires=1788343665&Signature=fGYYmsF3dVswxkRJ7MDZ-ffIwfdmY74T~GW1rsd4bR0K~tz1IKe6INYqyYe0X1fy1ymtKeTzCV6KjbvIGgU1NeRFZz6L4h~Vn-jy7pXWk7Yei~kUU2gNRdcUews5eZ5VM-26H3LIL3ot9-3new9Z7c59EjzOV3P2Wvzm22XxjRNoo2WHlAIHBv~zC6~EbacCqY3x3X21ynEILVl2lcO7TMibpnxqG3fZ86pnujuV~bqBkpdIoV88SepJRrCXsZeqQb4hk~wrJjrO3Qbk~EPkJukWvJ~PpofoXVbSlYs635axzXLOifg1Eg6eEcrROVLQoNVQtYo8WPpg78fNKaB~cQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA 2018-08-29 2026-09-02 Éphémérides Formulaires https://ssp.imcce.fr/forms/ssocard fr 2026-09-13 Note: To get the physical parameters of 2007 OC 10, Search "2007 OC 10" in the search bar. External links 470316 (470316) 2007 OC 10 Category:Scattered disc and detached objects 20070722 Category:Discoveries by Megan E. Schwamb Category:Discoveries by Michael E. Brown Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 2007