1915 Nobel Prize in Literature

20px 1915 Nobel Prize in Literature Romain Rolland Swedish Academy 1901 https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1915/summary/ 1911 laureate Romain Rolland 1915.jpg "as a tribute to the lofty idealism of his literary production and to the sympathy and love of truth with which he has described different types of human beings." 9 December 1915notes The Swedish Academy decided on 9th December 1915 that the 1914 Nobel Prize in Literature would not be awarded and that the current year's Nobel Prize in Literature would be reserved for the following year. (postponement) 9 November 1916 (announcement) 10 December 1916 (ceremony) Stockholm, Sweden 1914 Nobel Prize in Literature 1916 The 1915 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the French author Romain Rolland (1866–1944) "as a tribute to the lofty idealism of his literary production and to the sympathy and love of truth with which he has described different types of human beings."The Nobel Prize in Literature 1915 nobelprize.org The prize was awarded the following year on November 9, 1916 and he is the third Frenchman who became a Nobel recipient for the literature category. Laureate Romain Rolland Rolland was a mystic and pacifist who studied spirituality, yoga, and Indian philosophy. He established the International Biogentic Society in 1929 to advance harmony, sustainability, and peace. Through communication, he spread the idea of the "oceanic feeling," which refers to the sensation of being at one with the universe, to people like Sigmund Freud and others. Regardless of genre, Rolland's literature centers on humanity's pursuit of pleasure, purpose, and the truth. Jean Christophe Krafft and Anette Rivière, the main protagonists in the novel series Jean-Christophe (1904–1912) and L'Ame enchantée ("The Enchanted Soul", 1922–1933) are in a struggle for both their physical and spiritual existence. In order to define the style of the collection of works, Rolland coined the term "roman-fleuve," which translates to "river-novel." He argued for the democratization of theater in his essay "The People's Theatre."Romain Rolland – Facts nobelprize.orgRomain Rolland britannica.com thumb|left|A Swedish translation of Jean-Christophe, 10 parts in 6 volumes In 1936 Rolland nominated the Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud for the same category which led the academy's Nobel Committee to a great deal of discussion.Nominations by literature laureates nobelprize.orghttps://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/themes/the-nobel-prize-in-literature-nominations-and-reports-1901-1950 The Nobel Prize in Literature: Nominations and reports 1901–1950 nobelprize.org Bo Svensén 29 December 2004 Deliberations Nominations For the 1915 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Swedish Academy received nominations for only 11 writers and therefore decided to add another 11 candidates nominated by committee members.Nobelpriset i litteratur. Nomineringar och utlåtanden 1901-1920 1915 Svensén, Bo Svenska Akademien 2001 Among these were Romain Rolland, who was awarded the following year after only three nominations.Nomination archive – 1915 nobelprize.orgNomination archive – Romain Rolland nobelprize.org Other newly nominated authors were British explorer Charles Montagu Doughty and German poet Ferdinand Avenarius. The Italian writer Grazia Deledda (subsequently awarded the 1926 Nobel Prize in Literature) – the only female nominee – received the highest number of nominations. The authors Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Thomas Alexander Browne, Saturnino Calleja, Luigi Capuana, Gaston Arman de Caillavet, Remy de Gourmont, Francisco Giner de los Ríos, Tevfik Fikret, James Elroy Flecker, Justus Miles Forman, Elizabeth Boynton Harbert, Elbert Hubbard, Charles Klein, Aurelio Tolentino, Lucy Bethia Walford, Booker T. Washington, Ellen Gould White, and Julia Ditto Young died in 1915 without having been nominated for the prize. Official list of nominees and their nominators for the prize No. Nominee Country Genre(s) Nominator(s)1Juhani Aho (1861–1921) Russian Empire Russia(Finland)novel, short storyKarl Alfred Melin (1849–1919)2Ferdinand Avenarius (1856–1923)German Empire GermanypoetryWalther Schmied-Kowarzik (1885–1958) Harald Hjärne (1848–1922)3René Bazin (1853–1932) French Third Republic FrancenovelHarald Hjärne (1848–1922)4Henri Bergson (1859–1941) French Third Republic FrancephilosophyPer Hallström (1866–1960)5Paul Bourget (1852–1935) French Third Republic Francenovel, short story, literary criticism, essaysKarl Alfred Melin (1849–1919)6Grazia Deledda (1871–1936) Kingdom of Italy Italynovel, short story, essays Carl Bildt (1850–1931) Ferdinando Martini (1840–1928) Luigi Luzzatti (1841–1927)7Charles Montagu Doughty (1843–1926)United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Great Britainpoetry, essaysHerbert Warren (1853–1930)8Anatole France (1844–1924) French Third Republic Francepoetry, essays, drama, novel, literary criticismHaakon Shetelig (1877–1955) Henrik Schück (1855–1947)9Karl Adolph Gjellerup (1857–1919) Denmarkpoetry, drama, novelHarald Hjärne (1848–1922)10Vilhelm Grønbech (1873–1948) Denmarkhistory, essays, poetry11Angel Guimerà y Jorge (1845–1924) Restoration (Spain) Spaindrama, poetryFredrik Wulff (1845–1930) members of the Reial Acadèmia de Bones Lletres de Barcelona12Willem Kloos (1859–1938) Kingdom of the Netherlands Netherlandspoetry, essays, literary criticismPer Hallström (1866–1960)13Josef Svatopluk Machar (1864–1942) Austria-Hungary(Czechoslovakia)poetry, essays, novelprofessors in Prague14Dmitry Merezhkovsky (1865–1941) Russian Empire Russianovel, essays, poetry, dramaKarl Alfred Melin (1849–1919)15Benito Pérez Galdós (1843–1920) Restoration (Spain) Spainnovel, short story, drama, essaysPer Hallström (1866–1960)16Romain Rolland (1866–1944) French Third Republic Francenovel, drama, essaysHenrik Schück (1855–1947)17Salvador Rueda Santos (1857–1933) Restoration (Spain) Spainpoetry, essaysprofessors in Madrid18Carl Spitteler (1845–1924) Switzerlandpoetry, essaysJonas Fränkel (1879–1965)19Émile Verhaeren (1855–1916) Belgiumpoetry, essaysChristen Collin (1857–1926)20Ernst von der Recke (1848–1933) Denmarkpoetry, dramaKarl Alfred Melin (1849–1919)21Verner von Heidenstam (1859–1940) Swedennovel, short story, poetryFredrik Wulff (1845–1930)22William Butler Yeats (1865–1939) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Irelandpoetry, drama, essaysPer Hallström (1866–1960) Prize decision The Nobel committee proposed that the 1915 Nobel prize in Literature should be awarded to the Spanish author Benito Pérez Galdós, and the postponed prize for 1914 to the Swiss writer Carl Spitteler. Two members of the committee opposed that Pérez Galdos was awarded and instead proposed the French writer Romain Rolland. No prize was awarded in 1915, but in 1916 the prize for 1915 was awarded to Romain Rolland. A politically controversial choice as Rolland at the time of World War I had made himself unpopular in both Germany and his native France.Gustav Källstrand Andens Olympiska Spel: Nobelprisets historia, Fri Tanke 2021, p. 295 Carl Spitteler was subsequently awarded the 1919 Nobel Prize in Literature. Notes References External links 1915 Press release nobelprize.org 1915 Nobel