1887 Sonora earthquake

Earthquake in northwest Mexico May 2025 February 2025 1887 Sonora earthquake Mexico 3 May 1887 1887-05-03 ushis262 yes 7.6 w yhttp://usuarios.geofisica.unam.mx/cruz/Sismociones_Libres/Biblio_Sismocion/Sonora_v5.pdf Reevaluation of the Macroseismic Effects of the 1887 Sonora, Mexico Earthquake and its Magnitude Estimation Suárez G. Hough S.E. Susan Hough 4 November 2008 3 August 2010 31.07 -109.12 region:MX_type:event inline,title Pitaycachi Fault Dip-slip Mexico United States 9/11DuBois S. M. Smith A. W. 1980-12-01 The 1887 Earthquake in San Bernardino Valley, Sonora: Historic accounts and intensity patterns in Arizona https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/630009 The University of Arizona University Libraries en 51 dead The 1887 Sonora earthquake occurred at 22:13 UTC on 3 May in the Teras mountain range of northwestern Mexico. It was widely felt, with some damage being recorded up to 200 km us from the epicenter in both Mexico and the United States. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.6 and caused 42 casualties in the town of Bavispe and 51 overall.Wong I.G. 2009 Earthquakes in New Mexico New Mexico Earth Matters New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/periodicals/earthmatters/9/EMv9n1_09.pdf 1 November 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20110717194336/http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/periodicals/earthmatters/9/EMv9n1_09.pdf 2011-07-17 dead It was the only historical earthquake to cause considerable damage in Arizona.McGarvin T.G. 1987 The 1887 Sonoran earthquake Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology Fieldnotes 17 2 http://www.azgs.az.gov/Hazards_ocr/earthquakes/1887%20Sonoran%20Earthquake-%20Not%20Our%20Fault.pdf 11 August 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20100716004317/http://www.azgs.az.gov/Hazards_ocr/earthquakes/1887%20Sonoran%20Earthquake-%20Not%20Our%20Fault.pdf 16 July 2010 dead The 1887 Tombstone Arizona newspapers mentioned lesser quakes (aftershocks) on August 27, 1887, and November 11, 1887. Tectonic setting Extensional tectonics The earthquake was located near the southern end of the extensional Basin and Range Province. The western margin of the Sierra Madre Occidental plateau is formed by a series of west-dipping normal faults, over a distance of at least 300 km us. The earthquake occurred within this zone.Suter M. Contreras J. Active Tectonics of Northeastern Sonora, Mexico (Southern Basin and Range Province) and the 3 May 1887 Mw 7.4 Earthquake Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2002 92 2 581–589 10.1785/0120000220 http://www.bssaonline.org/cgi/content/abstract/92/2/581 11 August 2010 2002BuSSA..92..581S 24 July 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110724015525/http://www.bssaonline.org/cgi/content/abstract/92/2/581 dead subscription Damage thumb|Sketch by Dr. George Goodfellow of the 1887 Sonora earthquake fault zone based on several weeks of field study. The U.S./Arizona border is shown at top. Towns near the epicenter suffered significant damage, particularly in Bavispe, where most houses were destroyed and 42 of the town's 700 inhabitants were killed. Houses of adobe construction were also destroyed in Tepic and Moctezuma. The houses were roofed with heavy log rafters that were untied to the adobe walls and fell in when the walls collapsed.Kovach R.L. Early earthquakes of the Americas https://books.google.com/books?id=FzmyiyI3_wIC&pg=PA164 11 August 2010 2004 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82489-7 160–164 The earthquake triggered many rockfalls and landslides and caused ground fissures. Moderate to severe damage occurred in northeastern Sonora, northwestern Chihuahua, southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona and the westernmost part of Texas. Eyewitness reports from Cochise County, Arizona claim that shaking caused the ground to open up, with liquefaction spreading across the plains. This information was later found to support up to XI intensity on the Modified Mercalli Scale.DuBois S. M. Smith A. W. 1980-12-01 The 1887 Earthquake in San Bernardino Valley, Sonora: Historic accounts and intensity patterns in Arizona https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/630009 The University of Arizona University Libraries Characteristics The earthquake was associated with a surface rupture consisting of three segments with a combined length of 101.8 km, the longest normal fault rupture recorded for an earthquake in historic times.Suter M. 2006 Contemporary Studies of the 3 May 1887 Mw 7.5 Sonora, Mexico (Basin and Range Province) Earthquake Seismological Research Letters 77 2 134–147 10.1785/gssrl.77.2.134 2006SeiRL..77..134S http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/extract/77/2/134 11 August 2010 subscription The three faults that ruptured were the Pitáycachi, Teras, and Otates faults from north to south.Suter M. 2008 Structural confi guration of the Teras fault (southern Basin and Range Province) and its rupture in the 3 May 1887 MW 7.5 Sonora, Mexico earthquake Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 25 1 179–195 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261064978_Structural_configuration_of_the_Teras_fault_southern_Basin_and_Range_Province_and_its_rupture_in_the_3_May_1887_Mw_75_Sonora_Mexico_earthquake The magnitude of the event has been estimated as 7.6 on the moment magnitude scale from an analysis of an isoseismal map drawn up for this event, following a re-evaluation of earlier estimates of felt intensity. There was a prolonged sequence of aftershocks that are interpreted to continue to the present. Particularly large aftershocks (about magnitude 5) occurred on 26 May 1907, 17 May 1913 and 18 and 19 December 1923.Castro R.R. Shearer P.M. Astiz L. Suter M Jacques-Ayala Vernon F. amp 2010 The Long-Lasting Aftershock Series of the 3 May 1887 Mw 7.5 Sonora Earthquake in the Mexican Basin and Range Province Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 100 3 1153–1164 10.1785/0120090180 http://www.geo.arizona.edu/gsat/1887eq/scientific/Castro_etal_2010_BSSA.pdf 5 May 2011 2010BuSSA.100.1153C March 2, 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20120302022335/http://www.geo.arizona.edu/gsat/1887eq/scientific/Castro_etal_2010_BSSA.pdf dead Assistance and reporting The earthquake destroyed most of the adobe houses in Bavispe and killed 42 of the town's 700 residents; Dr. George E. Goodfellow in Tombstone, Arizona Territory, loaded his wagon with medical supplies and rode 140 km us to aid survivors. The townspeople named him El Doctor Santo (The Holy Doctor), and in recognition of his humanitarian contributions, Mexican President Porfirio Diaz presented him with a silver medal that had belonged to Emperor Maximilian and a horse named El Rosillo.The Gunfighter's Surgeon College of Wooster 11 March 2013 http://www.wooster.edu/magazine/winter2005/gunfighters_surgeon2.php September 11, 2006 Winter 2005 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20060911213532/http://www.wooster.edu/magazine/winter2005/gunfighters_surgeon2.php Goodfellow noted that it was very difficult to pin down the time of the earthquake due to the absence of time pieces or a nearby railroad, and the primitive living standards of the area's residents.The Sonora Earthquake https://books.google.com/books?id=OzoLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA162++ Science 162–167 6 April 1888 16 March 2013 Michels John 270 11 10.1126/science.ns-11.270.162 17790119 1888Sci....11..162. subscription Goodfellow returned twice, the second time in July with Tombstone photographer Camillus Sidney Fly to study and record the effects of the earthquake. He covered over 700 mi on horseback but mostly on foot through the Sierra Madre Oriental mountains recording his observations.Goodfellow G. E. The Sonora Earthquake Science 10 81–82 12 August 1887 235 10.1126/science.ns-10.236.81 1887Sci....10...81G https://zenodo.org/record/1448305 17839729Trimble Marshall The Horse & Buggy Doctors of Territorial Days http://www.wildwestgazette.com/trimbledoctors.htm Wild West Gazette 3 March 2013 8 April 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170408145421/http://wildwestgazette.com/trimbledoctors.htm dead His report included the first surface rupture map of an earthquake in North America and photographs of the rupture scarp by C.S. Fly. The United States Geological Service praised his "remarkable and creditable" report, describing it as "systematic, conscientious, and thorough."Volume 11 https://books.google.com/books?id=OzoLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA159+ Science 169 6 April 1888 16 March 2013 Michels John 270 11 10.1126/science.ns-11.270.169 1888Sci....11..169C subscription The earthquake was at the time the "longest recorded normal-fault surface rupture in historic time". His report was later described as an "outstanding study" and a "pioneering achievement".http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/content/77/2/134.extract Contemporary Studies of the May 1887 M 7.5 Sonora, Mexico (Basin and Range Province) Earthquake Max Suter Instituto de Geologia, Universidad Autonoma de Mexico Seismological Research Letters 77 March–April 2006 134–147 2 10.1785/gssrl.77.2.134 2006SeiRL..77..134S subscription See also List of earthquakes in Mexico List of earthquakes in the United States List of historical earthquakes References The Geology of Earthquakes R. S. Yeats K. E. Sieh Kerry Sieh C. R. Allen Clarence Allen (geologist) 1997 978-0-19-507827-5 Oxford University Press 477 Further reading Bennett, E. F. (1977). An Afternoon of Terror: The Sonoran Earthquake of May 3, 1887. Arizona and the West, 19(2), 107–120. 40168618 Sonora Earthquake, 1887 Sonora Earthquake, 1887 Sonora Earthquake, 1887 Category:Natural disasters in the Southwestern United States Category:Earthquakes in the United States Category:Natural disasters in Arizona Category:Earthquakes in Mexico Category:May 1887 in North America Sonora Earthquake, 1887 Sonora Earthquake, 1887 Category:May 1887 in the United States