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1776 in science
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1776 science
1776
The year 1776 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
Lagrange publishes a paper on the stability of planetary orbits.Trimble Virginia Williams Thomas R. Bracher Katherine Jarrell Richard Marché Jordan D. Ragep F. Jamil Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers 2007 Springer Science & Business Media 9780387304007 667 https://books.google.com/books?id=t-BF1CHkc50C&pg=PA667 en
Botany
William Withering publishes The Botanical Arrangement of all the Vegetables Naturally Growing in Great Britain, the first flora in English based on Linnaean taxonomy.https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/botanical-arrangement-of-all-the-vegetables-naturally-growing-in-great-britain/99C9C883E83721AC8103D1454B48CC2D# Cambridge University Press 2015 10.1017/CBO9781107706163 25 December 2024 Withering William A Botanical Arrangement of All the Vegetables Naturally Growing in Great Britain 978-1-108-07588-6
Chemistry
James Keir begins publication of A Dictionary of Chemistry in London, a translation into English of Pierre Macquer's Dictionnaire de chymie (1766).
Exploration
July 12 – Captain James Cook sets off from Plymouth, England, in HMS Resolution on his third voyage, to the Pacific Ocean and the Arctic.
July 29 – Domínguez–Escalante expedition: Francisco Silvestre Vélez de Escalante, Francisco Atanasio Domínguez and eight other Spaniards set out from Santa Fe on a 2900 km (1800-mile) trek through the American Southwest. They are the first Europeans to explore the vast region between the Rockies and the Sierras.Saunt Claudio 2014 West of the Revolution: An Uncommon History of 1776 W. W. Norton & Company New York 9780393240207
Geology
James Keir suggests that some rocks, such as those at the Giant's Causeway, might have been formed by the crystallisation of molten lava.
Mathematics
Jean Baptiste Meusnier discovers the helicoid and announces Meusnier's theorem.
Medicine
November 30 – Sir John Pringle presents "A discourse upon some late improvements of the means for preserving the health of mariners" to the Royal Society of London, commending and publicising Captain Cook's methods for prevention of scurvy at sea.
Publication of observations of epidemic diseases in Normandy, based on Hippocrates' table of epidemics by Louis Lépecq de La Clôture.Lépecq de La Clôture Louis Observations sur les maladies épidémiques, ouvrage rédigé d'après le tableau des épidémiques d'Hippocrate, et dans lequel on indique la meilleure méthode d'observer ce genre de maladies 1776 Vincent Paris https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k30679401 fr
Technology
June–July – Claude-François-Dorothée, marquis de Jouffroy d'Abbans, demonstrates his steamboat Palmipède on the Doubs (river) in France.Claude-François-Dorothée de Jouffroy https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08526b.htm The Catholic Encyclopedia New Advent Fox W. 1910 New York Robert Appleton Company 2023-03-24
September 7 – American Revolutionary War: World's first submarine attack – The American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British flagship HMS Eagle in New York Harbor.Schecter Barnet The Battle for New York Walker New York 2002 0-8027-1374-2 Schecter registration https://archive.org/details/battlefornewyork00sche
John Wilkinson installs a steam blowing engine at his ironmaking furnace in Willey, Shropshire, England.
Awards
Copley Medal: James CookCopley Medal - British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 10 May 2018 en
Births
February 4 – Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus, German naturalist (died 1837)
February 14 – Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck, German botanist (died 1858)
March 27 – Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel, French botanist and politician (died 1854)
April 1 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician (died 1831)
May 17 – Amos Eaton, American naturalist and pioneer of science education (died 1842)
June 1 – Giuseppe Zamboni, Italian Catholic priest and physicist (died 1846)
June 12 – Karl Friedrich Burdach, German physiologist (died 1847)
July 16
Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus, German physician and naturalist (died 1827)
Johann Georg von Soldner, German physicist (died 1833)
July 22 – Etheldred Benett, English geologist (died 1845)
July 26 – Pierre Fouquier, French physician (died 1850)
August 2 – Friedrich Stromeyer, German chemist, discoverer of cadmium (died 1835)
August 6 – Amedeo Avogadro, Piedmontese chemist (died 1856)
October 4 – Mariano Lagasca, Spanish botanist (died 1839)
October 13 – Peter Barlow, English mathematician (died 1862)
November 14 – Henri Dutrochet, French physician (died 1847)
November 18 - Mauro Ruscóni, Italian physician and zoologist (died 1849)de Constantin von Wurzbach BLKÖ:Rusconi, Maurus 1874 Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich BLKÖ:Rusconi, Maurus
December 3 – Nicolas Charles Seringe, French physician and botanist (died 1858)
December 31 – Johann Spurzheim, German physician (died 1832)Johann Gaspar Spurzheim (1776-1832) http://data.bnf.fr/13320463/johann_gaspar_spurzheim/ data.bnf.fr 10 May 2018 en
Deaths
February 18 – Lady Anne Monson, English-born botanist (born 1726)Mariss Anne "A world of new things": Praktiken der Naturgeschichte bei Johann Reinhold Forster 2015 Campus Verlag 9783593504773 212 https://books.google.com/books?id=Ie4rCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA212 de
June 13 – William Battie, English psychiatrist (born 1703 or 1704)
June 20 – Benjamin Huntsman, English inventor and manufacturer (born 1704)
November 17 – James Ferguson, Scottish astronomer (born 1710)
References
Category:18th century in science
Category:1770s in science