1987 Greenwich by-election

March 2026UK Parliamentary by-election November 2014 1987 Greenwich by-election parliamentary United Kingdom no 1983 United Kingdom general election 1983 1987 United Kingdom general election 1987 26 February 1987 Rosie Barnes 60px Social Democratic Party (UK) 18,287 53.0% 27.9% Deirdre Wood 60px Labour Party (UK) 11,676 33.8% 4.4% John Antcliffe 60px Conservative Party (UK) 3,852 11.2% 23.6% MP Subsequent MP Guy Barnett Labour Party (UK) Rosie Barnes Social Democratic Party (UK) The 1987 Greenwich by-election was a by-election to the British House of Commons held on 26 February 1987, shortly before the 1987 general election. The election was caused by the death of Guy Barnett, Labour Party Member of Parliament for Greenwich on 24 December 1986. Mr Guy Barnett The Times 27 December 1986 22 Background Labour had held Greenwich since the 1945 general election, although their majority had declined in recent years, and in 1983, Barnett had achieved a majority of only 1,211 votes over the Conservative candidate. The then newly formed Social Democratic Party (SDP) had also stood, winning 25% of the vote. As a result, all three parties considered that they had a chance of taking the seat, but an early opinion poll suggested Labour would win, with the SDP/Alliance in a very poor third place. Candidates The Labour Party selected Deirdre Wood as their candidate, regarded as a left-winger. This laid open the possibility of splitting the vote, as the Labour leadership were moving towards expelling far-left MPs and activists identified with the Militant tendency. Although Wood was not a Militant supporter, as a former GLC and sitting ILEA councillor she was close to the London left and she was heavily attacked in the press for her views. Despite being the party in power, and on the back of their strong performance in 1983, the Conservatives appeared to have the least chance of taking the seat, but were hopeful of a strong performance in the run-up to the general election and selected John Antcliffe as their candidate. The SDP had formed an alliance with the Liberal Party and could rely on their activists in the constituency canvassing for them. Despite winning 25.4% of the vote in the 1983 election, the Alliance had taken only 23 seats nationwide, and the SDP had not won a by-election since Portsmouth South in 1984. Due to this lacklustre performance, the party had decided to focus on holding neighbouring Woolwich in the forthcoming general election, rather than attempting to win Greenwich. Their original candidate for the seat in the general election withdrew in December 1986, objecting to being a "paper candidate", and the party instead selected Rosie Barnes, who they ran in the by-election. She had links in the constituency; her husband was a local councillor, who also acted as her election agent. The Liberal Party regarded the constituency as a possible gain for the SDP, and in support of this, flooded the constituency with activists. The Green Party, British National Party, National Front and Revolutionary Communist Party also stood candidates. Comedian Malcolm Hardee also stood, for the Rainbow Alliance "Beer, Fags and Skittles Party". Campaign An opinion poll in the last week of campaigning suggested that Labour would win, but that the SDP was now a close second and that the Conservatives would be third. This was exactly the result that the SDP/Alliance campaign needed, as it meant that many Conservative voters could be tempted to vote for the SDP in order to defeat Labour. The by-election was held on 26 February 1987. During the afternoon and evening of polling day, SDP/Alliance workers called on known Conservative supporters to remind them that only their candidate could beat Labour. They did so in large numbers and the SDP gained the seat, their first gain from the Labour Party at an election (rather than by defection). Result The SDP candidate (in alliance with the Liberal Party) won by a huge margin, an upset in a seat held by the Labour Party for over 50 years.https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870228.2.69.2 Alliance landslide The Press 28 February 1987 10 1987 Greenwich by-electionhttp://www.election.demon.co.uk/by1983.html Results of Byelections in the 1983-87 Parliament Boothroyd David 2015-09-19 United Kingdom Election Results 5 April 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180405203844/http://www.election.demon.co.uk/by1983.html dead Social Democratic Party (UK) Rosie Barnes 18,287 53.0 +27.9 Labour Party (UK) Deirdre Wood 11,676 33.8 -4.4 Conservative Party (UK) John Antcliffe 3,852 11.2 -23.6 Green Party (UK) Graham Bell 264 0.8 New Vote For Yourself Rainbow Dream Ticket Malcolm Hardee 124 0.3 New British National Party Ian Dell 116 0.3 -0.4 National Front (UK) Joseph Pearce 103 0.3 New Revolutionary Communist Party (UK, 1978) Kate Marshall 91 0.3 New 6,611 19.2 N/A 34,513 68.2 +0.5 Social Democratic Party (UK) Labour Party (UK) +9.6 Previous election General election 1983: GreenwichRichard Kimber's Political Science Resources Labour Party (UK) Guy Barnett 13,361 38.2 -13.9 Conservative Party (UK) Arthur Rolfe 12,150 34.8 +1.5 Social Democratic Party (UK) Timothy Ford 8,783 25.1 +14.5 British National Party Ian Dell 259 0.7 New Fellowship Party Ronald Mallone 242 0.7 -0.6 Communist Party of Great Britain F. Hooks 149 0.4 New 1,211 3.4 -15.4 34,944 67.7 -2.9 Labour Party (UK) Aftermath Barnes held the seat at the general election that June, but lost it to Labour in 1992. It revived the SDP before the 1987 election,BBC: Triumphs and Disasters but in retrospect, the campaign could be seen as the 'high water mark' of the Alliance - it would be downhill from here. The SDP failed to make further gains in the 1987 general election, and the majority of the party joined with the Liberals to form the Liberal Democrats. As a result, the election was also the last time the SDP gained a seat. Right-wing members of the parliamentary Labour Party blamed the selection of Wood, a left-winger, as seriously hampering Labour's chances of retaining the seat. They made the suggestion that the party leadership should by-pass involvement of local activists and directly appoint candidates in future by-elections. Labour leader Neil Kinnock balked at the idea and said that imposing candidates in electorates would be an "offence against democracy" and that those raising the idea were "political illiterates."https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19870310.2.129 Labour rejects selection idea The Press 10 March 1987 24 References Greenwich,1987 Greenwich by-election By-election, 1987 Greenwich by-election Greenwich by-election