1971 Tour de France

April 2019 April 2019 1971 Tour de France Super Prestige Pernod 12 16 Route of the 1971 Tour de France.png Route of the 1971 Tour de France Map of France showing the path of the race starting in Mulhouse, moving through Switzerland, West Germany and Belgium, before a clockwise route around France and finishing in Paris 360px 26 June – 18 July 1971 20 + Prologue, including three split stages 3608 km 96h 45' 14" Eddy Merckx BEL Molteni 1971 yellow Joop Zoetemelk NED Flandria 1971 Lucien Van Impe BEL Sonolor 1971 Eddy Merckx BEL Molteni 1971 green Lucien Van Impe BEL Sonolor 1971 Eddy Merckx BEL Molteni 1971 white Pieter Nassen BEL Flandria 1971 Bic 1971 Luis Ocaña ESP Bic 1971 1970 1972 The 1971 Tour de France was the 58th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The 3608 km on race consisted of 22 stages, including three split stages, starting in Mulhouse on 26 June and finishing at the Vélodrome de Vincennes in Paris on 18 July. There were three time trial stages and two rest days. Eddy Merckx of the Molteni 1971 team won the overall general classification, defending his title to win his third Tour de France in a row. Joop Zoetemelk (Flandria 1971) finished second, 9:51 minutes behind, and Lucien Van Impe was third (Sonolor 1971), just over 11 minutes in arrears. New rules to discourage the use of doping were introduced by cycling's governing body, the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI); stages lengths were reduced, only twenty stages were allowed, and rest days were made compulsory. At a distance of 3,608 km (2,242 mi) it was shorter than the previous Tour by 646 km (401 mi) and the shortest since 1905. Pre-race favourite Merckx took the first yellow jersey as general classification leader after his team won the prologue stage's team time trial. Merckx's teammate Rini Wagtmans took the Tour lead after the second of stage 1's three split stages, before returning it to his leader by the end of the day. The leading positions of the general classification became clearer after stage 2 when a sixteen-strongstage-2 The final amount of riders in the group was fifteen after Frans Mintjens (Molteni 1971 yes) suffered a tyre puncture and was subsequently dropped.Wadley 1971 11 breakaway group of mostly pre-race favourites ended with a margin of over nine minutes. On stage 8 in the Massif Central, Merckx's closest rival Luis Ocaña (Bic 1971 yes) attacked and won atop Puy de Dôme to move within just over 30 seconds of the race leader, just behind second-placed Zoetemelk. In the Chartreuse Mountains on stage 10, Merckx had a tyre puncture and was distanced by a group of rivals, with Zoetemelk of the group taking the race lead. Another from the group, Ocaña, took the yellow jersey the next day as he soloed for 60 km on to victory up to Orcières-Merlette in the Alps, ending with an overall lead of more than eight minutes. Merckx gained back close to two minutes the following stage as he broke away from the start with a small group in record-breaking speed to Marseille. Two days later in the Pyrenees on stage 14, a thunderstorm passed as the riders traversed the Col de Menté mountain pass. Race leader Ocaña crashed on the wet roads during the descent, and afterwards was hit by other riders. He left the race with injury, with Merckx reluctantly taking over the Tour lead. He comfortably held the yellow jersey for the remaining stages, ending the Tour with victory in the individual time trial held in Paris. In the other race classifications, Merckx also won the points and the combination classifications. Van Impe won the mountains classification. The intermediate sprints classification was won by Zoetemelk's teammate Pieter Nassen. The winners of the team classification were Bic 1971 yes. The overall award for most combative rider was given to Ocaña. Merckx won the most stages, with four. Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1971 Tour de France thumb|alt=Map of Europe showing the number of riders per nation that participated in the race.|The number of riders per nation that participated in the race:The history of the Tour de France – Year 1971 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1971/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 6 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190406031624/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1971/partants.html 6 April 2019 live dmy-all 85% #FFAAAA 30+85% #AAAAFF 20–2985% #AAFFAA 10–1985% #FFFFAA 0–9 The 1971 edition of the Tour de France consisted of thirteen teams, two less than the previous Tour.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1970 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1970/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 6 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190406180508/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1970/partants.html 6 April 2019 live dmy-all Teams were either invited or paid a participation fee. The Italian-based Salvarani 1971 and the Belgian Maes Pils 1971 teams announced they would not be entering the race due to the high cost,Gimondi met naar de Tour Gimondi not going to the Tour https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010848762:mpeg21:p017 de Volkskrant 17 26 May 1971 nl Delpher although Salvarani later reached an agreement.Dertien ploegen in de Tour Thirteen teams in the Tour https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010848775:mpeg21:p017 de Volkskrant 17 11 June 1971 nl Delpher Belgian-based Flandria 1971 and Tour co-organiser Félix Lévitan were in disagreements over the team's participation and there was speculation that the team would instead race the Grand Tour of Italy, the Giro d'Italia, which took place one month before the Tour.Mogelijk geen Tour voor Mars–Flandria Possibly no Tour for Mars–Flandria https://krantenbankzeeland.nl/issue/stm/1971-05-15/edition/null/page/9 De Stem 9 15 May 1971 nl Krantenbank Zeeland 4 August 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190419073945/https://krantenbankzeeland.nl/issue/stm/1971-05-15/edition/null/page/9 19 April 2019 live The team chose to wait for Lévitan's decision regarding their entry, which came following the Giro's start, and therefore did not participate in the Giro. Ultimately, Lévitian requested the team to pay extra money, on top of the 25,000 French francs (f) entry fee, to participate in the Tour.Mars Flandria start in Tour de France Mars Flandria starts in Tour de France https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011198303:mpeg21:p027 De Telegraaf 27 21 May 1971 nl Delpher Each squad was allowed a maximum of ten riders, resulting in a start list total of 130. Of these, 37 were riding the Tour de France for the first time.Tour de France 1971 – Debutants https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1971/gc/startlist/debutants ProCyclingStats 6 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190406180716/https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1971/gc/startlist/debutants 6 April 2019 live dmy-all The riders came from twelve countries, with the majority of them coming from France (35), Belgium (25), Italy (25), Spain (21) and Netherlands (14).'Merckx is te kloppen' Ocana zoekt steun bij Zoetemelk 'Merckx can be beat' Ocana seeks support from Zoetemelk https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011196793:mpeg21:p023 De Telegraaf 23 25 June 1971 nl Delpher Francisco Javier Galdeano (KAS 1971) was the youngest rider at 21 years and 201 days, and the oldest was Ventura Díaz (Werner 1971) at 32 years and 304 days.Tour de France 1971 – Youngest competitors https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1971/gc/startlist/youngest-competitors ProCyclingStats 6 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190406180509/https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1971/gc/startlist/youngest-competitors 6 April 2019 live dmy-all The Caballero 1971 cyclists had the youngest average age while the riders of Werner 1971 yes had the oldest.Tour de France 1971 – Average team age https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1971/gc/startlist/average-team-age ProCyclingStats 4 October 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20191004224125/https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1971/gc/startlist/average-team-age 4 October 2019 live The teams entering the race were: 20em Bic 1971 Mercier 1971 Ferretti 1971 Flandria 1971 Frimatic 1971 Caballero 1971 KAS 1971 Molteni 1971 Peugeot 1971 Salvarani 1971 Scic 1971 Sonolor 1971 Werner 1971 Pre-race favourites 300 Joop Zoetemelk en Eddy Merckx schudden elkaar de hand - Joop Zoetemelk en Eddy Merckx shaking hands (cropped).jpg Portrait of Eddy Merckx Tour de France, Luis Ocaña, Bestanddeelnr 926-5233 (cropped).jpg Portrait of Luis Ocaña Eddy Merckx (left) was the outright pre-race favourite for the general classification, with Luis Ocaña (right) the next contender. The rider considered the clear favourite for the overall general classification before the Tour was Molteni 1971 yes's Eddy Merckx,Van Den Dobbelsteen Rob https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010836295:mpeg21:p023 Merckx weer enige favoriet Merckx again the only favourite 24 June 1971 23 Delpher Het Parool nlFotheringham 2012 165 who had won the 1969 and 1970 Tours by the large margins of 17:54 and 12:41 minutes respectively.Augendre 2019 116 He had been the strongest rider throughout the 1971 season, winning 54 of the 124 races he entered (43.5%).McGann McGann 2008 55 Of the 13 before the Tour,Fotheringham 2014 122 the most notable were the one-day races Milan–San Remo, Omloop Het Volk, and Liège–Bastogne–Liège, and the general classification in the stage races Giro di Sardegna, Paris–Nice, Tour of Belgium, Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré and Grand Prix du Midi Libre.Eddy Merckx – 1971 results https://www.procyclingstats.com/rider/eddy-merckx/1971 ProCyclingStats 13 September 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190913181802/https://www.procyclingstats.com/rider/eddy-merckx/1971 13 September 2019 live He opted for the Dauphiné and Midi Libre races to warm up for the Tour instead of the Giro d'Italia,Fotheringham 2014 122Fotheringham 2012 164 which he rode the two previous seasons.Eddy Merckx – Grand Tour starts https://www.procyclingstats.com/rider/eddy-merckx/statistics/grand-tour-starts ProCyclingStats 20 September 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190920010039/https://www.procyclingstats.com/rider/eddy-merckx/statistics/grand-tour-starts 20 September 2019 live In these races, constant adjustment to his riding position caused a knee injury, and he came close to abandoning the final stage of the Midi Libre,Fotheringham 2012 164 a month before the Tour. Later in his retirement, he revealed that heading into the Tour his "condition was not good" and that riding the Giro was the ideal preparation because of the harder climbs.Moore 2014 108–109 Since 1968, his Molteni 1971 yes team were undefeated in the team time trial discipline of the prologue stage,Fotheringham 2014 123 and there was speculation whether he would be able to lead the race from beginning to end.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010618754:mpeg21:p021 Klimmers in het voordeel in de Tour de France 1971 Climbers in favour in the Tour de France 1971 24 June 1971 21 Delpher Leeuwarder Courant nl Merckx was such an overwhelming favourite that the interest was not in if could win, but rather the manner in which he would do it.Henderson 1973 81Poulssen Will J. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556033:mpeg21:p011 Wie Eddy Merckx klopt wint de Tour 1971 Anyone who knocks Eddy Merckx wins the Tour 1971 26 June 1971 11 Delpher Limburgs Dagblad nl The strongest challenger to Merckx was expected to be Luis Ocaña (Bic 1971 yes).McGann McGann 2008 55Allchin Bell 2003 71Fotheringham 2014 128 He and Merckx were the same age at 26, born eight days apart in June.Fotheringham 2014 277Fotheringham 2012 20 Both had made their Tour debuts in 1969,Tour de France 1969 – Debutants https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1969/gc/startlist/debutants ProCyclingStats 22 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200422014127/https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/tour-de-france/1969/gc/startlist/debutants 22 April 2020 live dmy-all but unlike the success of Merckx, Ocaña crashed out of the race on a descent.Friebe 2012 187 In 1970, Ocaña won the Vuelta a España, Spain's Grand Tour, and was likewise Merckx's main rival before the Tour,Friebe 2012 186–188 but he finished the race over an hour behind in 31st place.Friebe 2012 198 His confidence in beating Merckx grew in 1971, saying: "they all surrender to Merckx, but I'm going to stand up to him".Moore 2014 109 Speaking prior to the Tour, climbing specialist Ocaña thought he would able to get the better of the all-rounder Merckx in the mountains, as he had shown on the Col du Granier Alpine climb in the Dauphiné, a race in which he ultimately finished second overall to Merckx.Fotheringham 2014 124–126 His biggest results of the season prior to the Tour were the mountains classification of the aforementioned race and the overall victories of the Tour of the Basque Country and Volta a Catalunya.Fotheringham 2014 278–279Arribas 2014 353–354 The Spanish media did not rate their compatriot Ocaña's chances of winning highly, in contrast to in France,Fotheringham 2014 128–130 where he had lived since childhood.Moore 2014 109 The next contender was thought to be Joop Zoetemelk of Flandria 1971 yes, who in his debut season as a professional was runner-up in the 1970 Tour.McGann McGann 2008 56 His most notable performance of the year so far was at the Vuelta in May, where he won the mountains classification and finished sixth overall.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556030:mpeg21:p006 Joop Zoetemelk "vol moreel voor de Tour" Joop Zoetemelk "full of morality for the Tour" 23 June 1971 6 Delpher Limburgs Dagblad nl He finished second to Merckx in the closely contested Midi Libre.Fotheringham 2014 111 Several other riders were named as favourites for a high place in the general classification. The winner of the 1971 Giro and the third-place finisher of the 1970 Tour Gösta Pettersson (Ferretti 1971 yes) was considered by Merckx to be among two of his closest rivals, along with Zoetemelk.Augendre 2019 116Van Den Dobbelsteen Rob https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010836297:mpeg21:p011 Ik zie in en Pettersson 'gevaar', Merckx is eigenlijk bang voor niemand I see in Pettersson 'danger', Merckx is actually afraid of nobody 26 June 1971 11 Delpher Het Parool nl Bernard Thévenet (Peugeot 1971 yes) was third in the Dauphiné.McGann McGann 2008 56 Climber Lucien Van Impe (Sonolor 1971 yes), who was sixth overall in 1970, was also consider a contender.McGann McGann 2008 56 Other favourites included Joaquim Agostinho (Frimatic 1971 yes), Gianni Motta (Salvarani 1971 yes) and Leif Mortensen (Bic 1971 yes).McGann McGann 2008 57Fotheringham 2014 130Van Den Dobbelsteen Rob https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010836296:mpeg21:p021 Roger de Vlaeminck: 'Hij heeft meer macht dan vorig jaar, Zoetemelk kan Tour winnen' Roger de Vlaeminck: 'He has more power than last year, Zoetemelk can win Tour' 25 June 1971 21 Delpher Het Parool nlNolens Theo Tour '71 op een na kortste uit de historie: Financiële eisen van organisatie na dreigementen verzacht Tour '71 second shortest in history: Organisation requirements after threats mitigated https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010848787:mpeg21:p013 de Volkskrant 13 25 June 1971 nl Delpher Agostinho took a three-week rest two weeks before the Tour following bad crash at the Dauphiné.Wadley 1971 19 Van Impe's teammate Lucien Aimar, a Tour veteran, was the only rider entering apart from Merckx to have won the race, the 1966 edition.Augendre 2019 112–113Van Den Dobbelsteen Rob https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010374511:mpeg21:p004 Klanken uit het verleden... Sounds from the past ... 26 June 1971 4 Delpher De Waarheid nl Notable absentees from the start list were Raymond Poulidor (Mercier 1971 yes), Felice Gimondi (Salvarani 1971 yes), Frans Verbeeck (Maes Pils 1971 yes), Georges Pintens (Hertekamp 1971 yes), Roger Pingeon (Peugeot 1971 yes) and Jan Janssen (Bic 1971 yes).https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556033:mpeg21:p013 Eddy Merckx: "Drie weken en zenuwen2 Anyone who knocks Eddy Merckx wins the Tour 1971 26 June 1971 13 Delpher Limburgs Dagblad nl Poulidor, who had top-ten finishes in all of the previous nine Tours bar one,Raymond Poulidor – Grand Tour starts https://www.procyclingstats.com/rider/raymond-poulidor/statistics/grand-tour-starts ProCyclingStats 13 September 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190913181617/https://www.procyclingstats.com/rider/raymond-poulidor/statistics/grand-tour-starts 13 September 2019 live withdrew from his team's squad stating: "I will only do this if my physical condition leaves something to be desired".https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556015:mpeg21:p015 Poulidor niet in Tour de France Poulidor not in Tour de France 5 June 1971 15 Delpher Limburgs Dagblad nl Gimondi, winner of the 1965 Tour, was not selected by his team as Motta was preferred as the leader.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010957562:mpeg21:p007 Gimondi niet in de Tour Gimondi not in the Tour 16 June 1971 7 Delpher Het Vrije Volk nl Verbeeck, whose team did not enter, was considered to be one of few that would challenge Merckx. Merckx's one-day race rival Pintens was another from a team not entering. He seemingly managed a rare feat of exposing weakness in Merckx at the notably cold Liège–Bastogne–Liège in April, when he reeled in the tiring lone leader Merckx taking it to the two-way sprint finish won by Merckx, who was later found by his soigneur (team assistant) physically exhausted sat on a stool in a shower.Allchin Bell 2003 70Fotheringham 2014 163–164 Winner of the 1967 Tour Pingeon was serving a doping suspension from April 30 to July 30.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556027:mpeg21:p017 Dopingcontrole positief Pingeon niet in de Tour Doping control positive Pingeon not in the Tour 19 June 1971 17 Delpher Limburgs Dagblad nl Janssen, winner of the 1968 Tour,Augendre 2019 113 kept to his promise to never ride a Tour again, made following his bad crash in the 1970 Paris–Tours. He was critical of the Tour's commercial prioritisation which made the race too hard for riders.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556032:mpeg21:p005 Jan Janssen meent, dat er te veel wordt geëist 'De Tour op weg naar zijn einde' Jan Janssen believes that too much is being demanded "The Tour on its way to its end" 25 June 1971 5 Delpher Limburgs Dagblad nl Route and stages thumb|alt=Elevated view of Mulhouse city centre at sunset|The eastern city of Mulhouse hosted the Grand Départ across three days. On 16 October 1970, it was announced that the city of Mulhouse in eastern France would host the 1971 edition's opening stages (known as the Grand Départ), which consisted of a team time trial prologue stage and two further stages.Mulhouse startplaats Tour 1971 Mulhouse starting place 1971 Tour https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010957363:mpeg21:p009 Het Vrije Volk ANP 9 16 October 1970 nl Delpher The entire route was announced on 8 December at a press conference in Paris by race directors Jacques Goddet and Félix Lévitan.Tour de France korter Tour de France shorter https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010957409:mpeg21:p006 Het Vrije Volk 6 9 December 1970 nl DelpherTour de France 1971 wordt achtvormig Tour de France 1971 becomes eight-shaped https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010618593:mpeg21:p017 Leeuwarder Courant 17 9 December 1970 nl Delpher New rules to discourage the use of doping were introduced by cycling's governing body, the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI); stages lengths were reduced, only twenty stages were allowed, and rest days were made compulsory. The latter was a re-introduction to the Tour.Tour de France 1971: De zwaakste sinds vele jaden Tour de France 1971: The weakest in many years https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556031:mpeg21:p009 Limburgs Dagblad 9 24 June 1971 nl Delpher At a distance of 3608 km mi on, it was shorter than the previous Tour by 646 km mi on and the shortest since 1905.Augendre 2019 111–113 With the shortened distance in addition to the increased financial running costs, the race organisers maximised the amount of route locations which paid the race to start, pass through or finish there. The navigation of the host locations made a loose figure of eight route, unlike the usual continuous loop.McGann McGann 2008 54–55 There were a total of five transfers which added up to a distance of 350 km mi on. For the first time in a Tour there were air transfers, from Le Touquet to Paris and Marseille to Toulouse.Augendre 2019 4 The previous Tour's split stages, where two or more shorter stages would be run on the same day, had drawn complaints from the riders, nevertheless, they remained as the income they provided was an overriding factor.Ronde van Frankrijk Tour de France https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010848787:mpeg21:p013 de Volkskrant 13 25 June 1971 nl Delpher There were three split stages; two stages were split half and one in thirds.Tour de France 1971 https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556033:mpeg21:p018 Limburgs Dagblad 18 26 June 1971 nl Delpher The reduction in distance and amount of stages saw more climbs introduced, and it was thought that this edition was more suited to climbing specialists. Overall, the route was seen as easier than recent editions. The Tour took place over 23 days, including the two rest days, between 26 June and 18 July. Beginning in the Black Forest and Vosges Mountains, with visits to Switzerland and West Germany, the race then headed north-west to the coast passing through the Ardennes and south-east Belgium. After the first rest day and air transfer, racing resumed in the outskirts of Paris, taking the Tour through the Massif Central highlands and the Chartreuse Mountains towards the Alps. After the second rest day and a stage to the Mediterranean coast at Marseille came the other air transfer. The race then moved into the Pyrenees, with the closing stages taking place between the south-west and the finish in Paris. Of the mass-start full stages, the longest was stage 7 at 257.5 km 0 on, and stage 15 was the shortest at 19.6 km 0 on, the shortest in the history of the race (2017 y).The shortest stage of this Tour https://www.letour.fr/en/news/2017/stage-13/the-shortest-stage-of-this-tour 14 July 2017 Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation There were three time trial events with a total distance of 81.1 km 1 on, two were competed individually (13 and 20) and one was raced by teams (the prologue). It was the first time the team time trial format was used for a Tour prologue stage.McGann McGann 2008 56 Of the remaining 22 full and split stages, twelve were officially classified as flat, four as medium mountain and six as high mountain."Spelregels" Tourkaravaan "Game rules" Tour caravan https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556034:mpeg21:p013 Limburgs Dagblad 13 28 June 1971 nl Delpher There were three summit finishes: stage 8, to Puy de Dôme; stage 11, to Orcières-Merlette; and stage 15, to Superbagnères. The highest point of elevation in the race was 2115 m ft on at the summit of the Col du Tourmalet mountain pass on stage 16a.Thompson 2008 34 It was among seven first-category rated climbs in the race. The Tour included four new start or finish locations: Basel, in stage 1b; Marche-en-Famenne, in stage 4; Le Touquet, in stage 6b; and Gourette, in stages 16a and 16b.Augendre 2019 62 + Stage characteristics and winnersThe history of the Tour de France – Year 1971 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1971/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 10 May 2020 6 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190406031643/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1971/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner P26 June Mulhouse 11 km on alt=|link=Team time trial|20px Team time trial ITA Molteni 1971 1a27 June Mulhouse to Basel (Switzerland) 59.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Eric Leman BEL 1b Basel (Switzerland) to Freiburg (West Germany) 90 km on 20px|alt=|link= Medium mountain stage Gerben Karstens NED 1c Freiburg (West Germany) to Mulhouse 74.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Albert Van Vlierberghe BEL 228 June Mulhouse to Strasbourg 144 km on 20px|alt=|link= Medium mountain stage Eddy Merckx BEL 329 June Strasbourg to Nancy 165.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= Medium mountain stage Rini Wagtmans NED 430 June Nancy to Marche-en-Famenne (Belgium) 242 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Jean-Pierre Genet FRA 51 July Dinant (Belgium) to Roubaix 208.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Pietro Guerra ITA 6a2 July Roubaix to Amiens 127.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Eric Leman BEL 6b Amiens to Le Touquet 133.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Mauro Simonetti ITA 3 July Le Touquet Rest day 74 July Rungis to Nevers 257.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Eric Leman BEL 85 July Nevers to Puy de Dôme 221 km on 20px|alt=|link= High mountain stage Luis Ocaña ESP 1945 96 July Clermont-Ferrand to Saint-Étienne 153 km on 20px|alt=|link= Medium mountain stage Walter Godefroot BEL 107 July Saint-Étienne to Grenoble 188.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= High mountain stage Bernard Thévenet FRA 118 July Grenoble to Orcières-Merlette 134 km on 20px|alt=|link= High mountain stage Luis Ocaña ESP 1945 9 July Orcières-Merlette Rest day 1210 July Orcières-Merlette to Marseille 251 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Luciano Armani ITA 1311 July Albi 16.3 km on 20px|alt=|link= Individual time trial Eddy Merckx BEL 1412 July Revel to Luchon 214.5 km on 20px|alt=|link= High mountain stage José Manuel Fuente ESP 1945 1513 July Luchon to Superbagnères 19.6 km on 20px|alt=|link= High mountain stage José Manuel Fuente ESP 1945 16a14 July Luchon to Gourette 145 km on 20px|alt=|link= High mountain stage Bernard Labourdette FRA 16b Eaux-Bonnesstage-16b Stage 16b was originally scheduled be a distance of 72 km on, starting in the ski resort Gourette at a distance. Due to flooding from a storm earlier in day, the opening 14.5 km on was neutralised, with racing starting in the village of Eaux-Bonnes and the stage length reduced to 57.5 km on.Ch P https://newspaperarchive.com/sports-clipping-jul-15-1971-1731863/ A Pau: Merckx protège son ami van Springel In Pau: Merckx protects his friend van Springel 15 July 1971 13 NewspaperARCHIVE.com La Tribune de Lausanne fr to Pau 57.5 km onstage-16b 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Herman Van Springel BEL 1715 July Mont-de-Marsan to Bordeaux 188 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Eddy Merckx BEL 1816 July Bordeaux to Poitiers 244 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Jean-Pierre Danguillaume FRA 1917 July Blois to Versailles 185 km on 20px|alt=|link= Flat stage Jan Krekels NED 2018 July Versailles to Paris 53.8 km on 20px|alt=|link= Individual time trial Eddy Merckx BEL Total 3608 km 0 onAugendre 2019 113 Classification leadership and minor prizes thumb|upright|alt=Portrait of Lucien Van Impe wearing a yellow and orange jersey with Sonolor insignia|Sonolor 1971 rider Lucien Van Impe won the mountains classification and finished third in the general classification. There were five individual classifications contested in the 1971 Tour and also a team competition.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–455 The most important was the general classification, which was calculated by adding each rider's finishing times on each stage.Nauright Parrish 2012 453 Time bonuses (time subtracted) of 20, 10 and 5 seconds were awarded to the top three positions, respectively, at the end every mass-start stage classified as flat. In the flat split stages bonuses of 8, 6 and 3 seconds were given.Spelregels in de Tour Rules of the Tour https://leiden.courant.nu/issue/LD/1971-06-29/edition/0/page/13 Leidsch Dagblad 29 June 1971 13 nl Delpher 9 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190408161541/https://leiden.courant.nu/issue/LD/1971-06-29/edition/0/page/13 8 April 2019 live dmy-all The rider with the lowest cumulative time was the winner of the general classification and was considered the overall winner of the Tour. The rider leading the classification wore a yellow jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 453 Eddy Merckx was meant to wear the yellow jersey in the prologue stage as the winner of the previous edition but the organisers forgot to bring it to the stage start.Fotheringham 2014 131 Additionally, there was a points classification, where cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish. High finishes on flat stages awarded more points, 30 for the winner down to 1 point for 15th place. The flat split stages gave 20 points to the winner down to 2 points for 10th. In mountain stages and individual time trials, 15 points were given to the winner down to 1 point for 15th. Two mountain stages were given less points due their lengths, stages 15 and 16b. No points were awarded in the team time trial prologue stage.van den Akker 2018 150–160 The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 453 Following Merckx's dominance of the classifications during the 1969 Tour, a new rule was introduced in 1970 to allow the second-placed rider of the points classification to wear a green-black jersey if one rider led both the general and points classifications. If this occurred 1971, the rider in second place would wear the green jersey, a rule that has remained ever since.van den Akker 2018 152 There was also a mountains classification, which awarded points to the riders who reached summits first. Most stages of the race included one or more of these climbs, categorised as fourth-, third-, second- or first-category, with the more difficult climbs rated lower. Changes were made to the calculation in 1971, with the number of points given in the second, third, and fourth-categories increased. First-category ranked mountains gave a maximum 15 points for the first rider across, with the subsequent categories giving 10, 12, and 5 points to the first at the summit respectively.Wandeletappes Walking stages https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010828020:mpeg21:p011 Trouw 11 June 1971 11 nl Delpherhttp://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/page.do?id=GVA-01-018-19710626 De Ronde in cijfers The Tour in numbers nl Gazet van Antwerpen 26 June 1971 18 https://web.archive.org/web/20190407225617/http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/page.do?id=GVA-01-018-19710626 7 April 2019 live The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, with no identifying jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 454mountains-jersey No jersey was awarded to the leader of the mountains classification until a white jersey with red polka dots was introduced in 1975.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 The combination classification was calculated by adding each rider's overall ranking positions in the general, points, and mountains classifications. The rider with lowest combined total led the classification. In the event of tie, the positions were shared.van den Akker 2018 186–187 The leader of the classification wore a white jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 There was also an intermediate sprints classification. This classification had similar rules to the points classification, but only points were awarded on intermediate sprints, with 6, 4, 3, 2 and 1 awarded respectively. The classification was given more importance in 1971 with the introduction of time bonuses; 5, 3 and 1 seconds were awarded to the first three positions in the sprints respectively. The 1971 Tour was the first time that more than one sprint featured in a full stage.van den Akker 2018 190–184 In 1971, this classification had no associated jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.van den Akker 2018 186–188 The riders in the team that led this classification wore yellow caps.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 In addition, there individual awards given after each stage, excluding the prologue, and at the conclusion of the Tour to the most combative, elegant and amiable riders, with decisions made by a jury composed of journalists.van den Akker 2018 213 The split stages each had combined winners.van den Akker 2018 212 At the conclusion of the Tour, overall awards, also decided by journalists, were given to Luis Ocaña, Leif Mortensen and Jean-Pierre Danguillaume, respectively.http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/page.do?id=GVA-01-015-19710719 De Ronde in cijfers The Tour in numbers nl Gazet van Antwerpen 19 July 1971 15 https://web.archive.org/web/20190406005151/http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/page.do?id=GVA-01-015-19710719 6 April 2019 live There was also a special award, the Souvenir Henri Desgrange, given to the first rider to pass the summit of the Côte de Dourdan on stage 19. This prize was won by Wilmo Francioni of Ferretti.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=KBNRC01:000031655:mpeg21:p011 Feitenen cijfers van de Tour Facts and figures of the Tour 19 July 1971 11 Delpher NRC Handelsblad nl A total of 470,600 f was awarded in cash prizes in the race, with the overall winner of the general classification receiving 191,550 f. The stage winners, award winners and classification leaders, were rewarded with cash prizes. The amiable award winners received a selection of meat products. Joop Zoetemelk got a color television set for being the Tour's youngest finisher. +Classification leadership and awards by stageWadley 1971 58–62van den Akker Pieter Informatie over de Tour de France van 1971 Information about the Tour de France from 1971 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1971 https://web.archive.org/web/20190302050941/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1971 2 March 2019 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 2 March 2019 livevan den Akker Pieter Het bergklassement (bolletjestrui) in de Tour de France The mountain classification (polka dot jersey) in the Tour de France http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/bergklassement.php https://web.archive.org/web/20190326152103/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/bergklassement.php 26 March 2019 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 8 April 2019 live Stage Winner General classification25px|alt=|link=General classification in the Tour de France Points classification25px|alt=|link=Points classification in the Tour de France Mountains classificationmountains-jersey Combination classification25px|alt=|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France Intermediate sprints classification Team classification Combativity award Elegant award Amiable award P Molteni 1971 Eddy Merckx no award no award no award no award Molteni 1971 no award no award no award 1a Eric Leman Eric Leman Pieter Nassen Joop Zoetemelk Charly Grosskost Joop Zoetemelk 1b Gerben Karstens Rini Wagtmans Walter Godefroot Joop Zoetemelk Cyrille Guimard Eddy Merckx 1c Albert Van Vlierberghe Eddy Merckx Gerben Karstens Pieter Nassen 2 Eddy Merckx Roger De Vlaeminck Eddy Merckx Eddy Merckx Flandria 1971 Raymond Riotte Gianni Motta Jean Dumont 3 Rini Wagtmans Pieter Nassen Christian Raymond Ferdinand Bracke Bernard Labourdette 4 Jean-Pierre Genet Jean-Claude Genty Michel Périn Tommaso de Pra 5 Pietro Guerra Joaquim Agostinho Andrés Gandarias Lucien Van Impe 6a Eric Leman Rolf Wolfshohl Davide Boifava Pierre Ghisellini 6b Mauro Simonetti 7 Eric Leman Gerben Karstens Wilfried David Francis Ducreux Pierre Martelozzo 8 Luis Ocaña Bernard Thévenet Mauro Simonetti François Coquery 9 Walter Godefroot Walter Godefroot Peugeot 1971 Jean-Pierre Danguillaume Luis Ocaña Bernard Thévenet 10 Bernard Thévenet Joop Zoetemelk Cyrille Guimard Joop Zoetemelk Désiré Letort José Gómez Enrico Paolini 11 Luis Ocaña Luis Ocaña Lucien Van Impe Bic 1971 Luis Ocaña Christian Raymond Cyrille Guimard 12 Luciano Armani Eddy Merckx Eddy Merckx Eddy Merckx Eddy Merckx Kurt Rub 13 Eddy Merckx no award Robert Bouloux Raymond Riotte 14 José Manuel Fuente Eddy Merckx José Manuel Fuente Luciano Armani Wim Prinsen 15 José Manuel Fuente Eddy Merckx Cyrille Guimard Johny Schleck Jean-Pierre Danguillaume 16a Bernard Labourdette Lucien Van Impe Lucien Aimar Alain Vasseur 16b Herman Van Springel 17 Eddy Merckx Pieter Nassen Jos van der Vleuten Henk Benjamins Barry Hoban 18 Jean-Pierre Danguillaume Roberto Ballini Leif Mortensen Jean-Pierre Jeunet 19 Jan Krekels Wilmo Francioni Willy Teirlinck Roland Berland 20 Eddy Merckx no award Edy Schütz Bernard Guyot FinalEddy MerckxEddy Merckx Lucien Van Impe Eddy Merckx Pieter Nassen Bic 1971 Luis Ocaña Leif Mortensen Jean-Pierre Danguillaume Race overview 1971 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 9 1971 Tour de France, Stage 10 to Stage 20 Stage 10 to Stage 20 Grand Départ in Mulhouse thumb|alt=The Molteni team riding behind each other through a crowd-lined street|Eddy Merckx leading his Molteni 1971 team during the team time trial prologue in Mulhouse, which they won The 11 km on prologue team time trial consisted of four laps of a 2.75 km on circuit around the streets of Mulhouse.http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19710628&id=GVA-19710628-01015011 Rit in't kort Short ride nl Gazet van Antwerpen 28 June 1971 15 Molteni 1971 yes covered it at an average speed of 50.556 kph mph on to win with a combined timeIn the team time trial prologue stage, teams began with their full squad of ten riders but were only required to finish with five. The finishing time was a total of the times of the first five riders of each team across the finish line.Wadley 1971 58 of 1:05:16 hours, beating second-placed Ferretti 1971 yes by 1:48 minutes and third-placed Flandria 1971 yes by 2:16 minutes.http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1971/06/27/MD19710627-018.pdf Etapa prologo Mulhouse (11 km) Mulhouse prologue stage (11 km) 27 June 1971 18 es El Mundo Deportivo https://web.archive.org/web/20191005015308/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1971/06/27/MD19710627-018.pdf 5 October 2019 live Molteni 1971 yes took the lead of the team classification. The general classification was the only one of the Tour's individually contested classifications taken into account for the prologue stage. Eddy Merckx led his squad across the finish line to take the lead of the general classification and with it the first yellow jersey. The five teammates that finished with him took up the following places.Wadley 1971 7 Only time bonifications (time subtracted) counted towards the classification,McGann McGann 2008 56 and their victory gave each of the Molteni 1971 yes riders twenty-second time bonuses. Three riders from Ferretti 1971 yes and six from Flandria 1971 yes received time bonuses of ten and five seconds respectively.In the team time trial prologue stage, time bonuses were only awarded to riders with the same time as the first member to cross the finish line. The second day of the Tour was split into three short stages which journeyed into Switzerland and West Germany, before returning to Mulhouse.Fotheringham 2012 165 In the first part, the riders purposely rode at a slow pace in protest, headed by the French riders, at the disproportionate awarding of the cash prize given to stage winners against the next nineteen finishers. After a talk with Félix Lévitan at the lead car, an agreement was made to share it out more evenly between the top thirty. The stage ended with a large bunch sprint in Basel taken by Eric Leman of Flandria 1971 yes.Wadley 1971 7–9 Merckx's teammate Rini Wagtmans unknowingly finished ahead of him in the sprint to take over the leading position in the general classification; with all the Molteni 1971 yes riders equalled on time, this countback came into effect.Friebe 2012 206–207 Merckx won the opening intermediate sprint of the second split stage to gain a five-second time bonus to reclaim the race lead,A day in yellow: Marinus Wagtmans (VI/X) https://www.letour.fr/en/news/2019/a-day-in-yellow-marinus-wagtmans-vi-x/1276099 7 October 2019 Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 28 June 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20191007134708/https://www.letour.fr/en/news/2019/a-day-in-yellow-marinus-wagtmans-vi-x/1276099 7 October 2019 live even though Wagtmans then went on to struggle on a climb halfway on the stage and was dropped by the peloton (main field), finishing the stage a minute behind Merckx;Wadley 1971 10 Wagtmans later admitted to relinquishing the yellow jersey back to his team leader, at the time, lying that his shoes were a size too small and had caused rubbing.Friebe 2012 207 The stage finished on the cinder track inside Freiburg's Möslestadion with a bunch sprint won by Caballero 1971 yes rider Gerben Karstens.Wadley 1971 10 A bunch sprint finish followed again in the final part of the day, which saw Albert Van Vlierberghe of Ferretti 1971 yes finish first of the large field.Wadley 1971 10 Across the three parts of stage 1, the points classification's green jersey changed hands between Leman, Walter Godefroot (Peugeot 1971 yes) and Karstens, respectively. Joop Zoetemelk became the first leader of the mountains classification following stage 1b. Vosges, Belgium and north-west thumb|left|alt=Tree-lined summit of a road with a sign post reading "Col du Firstplan, alt. 722m"|In stage 2, the Col du Firstplan fr Col du Firstplan aided in the formation of a sixteen-strongstage-2 breakaway group of mostly pre-race favourites who finished with a margin of over nine minutes. With 100 km on remaining of stage 2, Zoetemelk led climbing specialists Lucien Van Impe and José Manuel Fuente (KAS 1971 yes) with attack on a depleted peloton over the summit of the second-category rated Vosges climb of Col du Firstplan fr Col du Firstplan. A Merckx move brought back the attackers on the descent, which saw the formation of an elite sixteen-riderstage-2 breakaway group that included all the pre-race favourites, except for Joaquim Agostinho and Lucien Aimar.Wadley 1971 10–10 In gale-force tail winds, the leaders reached speeds of 60 kph mph on on the flat terrain, ending with a nine-and-a-half-minute advantage over the peloton at the finish in Strasbourg.Wadley 1971 11La Tappa The stage http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&f=12944 Corriere dello Sport 29 June 1971 2 it https://web.archive.org/web/20191008001916/http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&f=12944 8 October 2019 live On the wet cinder track of Stade Tivoli, Herman Van Springel led-out teammate Merckx to victory in a frantic sprint finish with Roger De Vlaeminck of Flandria 1971 yes.Wadley 1971 11 The points gained by De Vlaeminck put him in the green jersey.Wadley 1971 11 The fifteen ridersstage-2 that ended in the breakaway now held an advantage of close to nine minutes in the general classification. Of those competing for the overall prize, they were unreservedly now the leader of their team, halting any uncertainty over hierarchy.Fotheringham 2014 130 Stage 3 headed west to Nancy for another cinder track finish, where Wagtmans took a sprint win from the ten-man breakaway.Wadley 1971 14 The following day the stage ended in Marche-en-Famenne for its overnight stay in Belgium. With 43 km on of the 242 km on remaining,Ouwerkerk Peter Belgische zege geen Tourbelang Belgian victory no Tour interest https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010957575:mpeg21:p006 Het Vrije Volk 1 July 1971 6 nl Delpher a duo of Jean-Pierre Genet (Mercier 1971 yes) and José Gómez Lucas (Werner 1971 yes) escaped the peloton, who, on the straight slightly uphill finish, managed to hold off the field by a distance of 20 m ft on at the line, which was crossed by Genet first.Wadley 1971 18 Stage 5 featured two iconic locations of one-day "monument" races, the short steep sett-paved climb Muur van Geraardsbergen of the Tour of Flanders and the stage finish of Roubaix Velodrome, likewise used in Paris–Roubaix.McGrath Andy Forgotten Finishes https://journal.rouleur.cc/forgotten-finishes/ 20 April 2020 Rouleur 30 May 2018 14 December 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20191214131115/https://journal.rouleur.cc/forgotten-finishes/ dead With 73 km on remaining, the crowds lining the Geraardsbergen saw a breakaway by Agostinho, together with the uncooperative Jos Huysmans (Molteni 1971 yes). The pair were caught, before another break moved clear. The group of five reached the banked velodrome over a minute ahead of the peloton, and Pietro Guerra of Salvarani 1971 yes won the stage in a sprint with Huysmans's teammate Julien Stevens.Wadley 1971 19–21 The two-legged stage 6 was raced over a total distance of 261 km on, as the Tour reached the channel coast at Le Touquet. In the first part, Leman claimed a second stage win of the race in a bunch sprint at Amiens's Hippodrome du petit Saint-Jean fr Hippodrome du petit Saint-Jean dirt racecourse. Mauro Simonetti of Ferretti 1971 yes won the second part on Le Touquet's promenade from a six-rider breakaway, only seconds ahead of the encroaching peloton. The Tour's first rest day was spent in the resort of Le Touquet.Wadley 1971 21 The fifteen riders that profited on stage 2 still led the general classification, with Merckx holding a 26-second advantage over Van Springel, and De Vlaeminck a further 11 seconds down in third place.http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1971/07/03/MD19710703-017.pdf Clasificaciones oficiales Official classifications 3 July 1971 17 es El Mundo Deportivo Massif Central and Chartreuse After their rest in Le Touquet, the riders took two early planesRolf Wolfshohl of Mercier 1971 did not want to travel by plane and was instead taken to Paris by an ambulance.Wadley 1971 22 to Paris and the start of the transitional stage 7,Wadley 1971 22 a 257.5 km on route to Nevers and the subsequent two-stage traverse of the Massif Central. With the peloton in the final kilometre, there were three crashes, one of which included De Vlaeminck, who injured his wrist and lost the green jersey by end of the stage to Karstens. In the bunch sprint, Leman claimed his third win.Wadley 1971 24 Merckx was expecting a dangerous sprint, so he chose not to participate.https://www.dekrantvantoen.nl/vw/article.do?id=NVHN-19710705-AE0016006 Val ontneemt De Vlaeminck groene trui Val deprives De Vlaeminck green jersey 5 July 1971 16 De Krant van Toen Nieuwsblad van het Noorden nl Although to a lesser extent than in his previous Tours, Merckx competed for the time bonuses available in intermediate sprints and final sprints throughout the flat terrain of the early stages,McGann McGann 2008 57Wadley 1971 21 unlike his closest rival Ocaña, who had been saving his energy for the upcoming mountains, on the advice of five-time Tour winner Jacques Anquetil.McGann McGann 2008 57 thumb|alt=Distant view of a cratered cinder cone dormant volcano with a road winding to its summit|On the summit of the dormant volcano of Puy de Dôme in the Massif Central, Luis Ocaña took the first of his two-stage victories Stage 8 saw the Tour's first summit finish, atop the dormant volcano of Puy de Dôme at an elevation of 1465 m ft on, a first-category climb. Merckx initiated an early twelve-strong breakaway that included Ocaña, but it only lasted 19 km on.Wadley 1971 25 Thereafter, Merckx and his team controlled the race until the early slopes of the 14 km on final climb.Friebe 2012 208Moore 2014 110 With 5 km on remaining, a failed Bernard Thévenet attack was soon followed by a successful one by Ocaña, who at one point led by 40 seconds. Mountains classification leader Zoetemelk and Agostinho moved ahead of Merckx in the final kilometre, with the two placing behind winner Ocaña. In fourth place, Merckx recovered in the final 500 m on, limiting the losses to Ocaña to only fifteen seconds.Friebe 2012 208Fotheringham 2012 166 Zoetemelk moved up to second overall, 36 seconds behind Merckx, with third-placed Ocaña a further second down.McGann McGann 2008 58 The next day, a group of nine riders broke away over the remainder of the Massif Central climbs and ended six minutes ahead of the peloton in Saint-Étienne. Godefroot won the sprint finish,Wadley 1971 28 moving him into the lead of the points classification. Stage 10 culminated with the two first-category Chartreuse passes of Col du Cucheron and Col de Porte, before a long descent to the finish in Grenoble at the foot of the Alps. A burst of pace set by Ocaña's Bic 1971 yes team on the Cucheron ascent had reduced the field to a group of overall favourites, leaving Merckx without support.Fotheringham 2012 166–167 Soon after, Merckx got a tyre puncture and just managed to stay upright, and he was left waiting for his delayed team car to get a replacement wheel. An Ocaña-led attack with Zoetemelk, Thévenet, Van Impe, and Gösta Pettersson disobeyed an unwritten rule of the peloton by attacking the race leader when they puncture. Ocaña set such a fast pace up the Col de Porte that climbing specialist Van Impe was dropped.Fotheringham 2014 135–136 They reached the summit two minutes ahead of Merckx and the chase group, and stayed ahead to Grenoble's Stade Charles-Berty fr Stade Charles-Berty velodrome, where Thévenet won the sprint finish.Wadley 1971 21 Zoetemelk took the yellow jersey, with Merckx coming in seventh place at 1:36 minutes down and dropping to fourth overall, behind Ocaña and Gösta Pettersson respectively. The green jersey was gained by Cyrille Guimard of Mercier 1971 yes, who came in fifth on the stage accompanied by Van Impe.http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1971/07/08/MD19710708-017.pdf Clasificaciones oficiales Official classifications 8 July 1971 17 es El Mundo Deportivo Alps and transition In the opening 12 km on of stage 11,Fotheringham 2012 168 the race began with the steep Alpine second-category climb of Côte de Laffrey, known locally as 'the ramp'.Fotheringham 2014 139 An attack early on the climb by Agostinho was joined by a group of Ocaña, Van Impe, Gösta Pettersson, and Zoetemelk. Merckx, who was suffering with an upset stomach, was two minutes behind the Ocaña-led group at the summit in a second group of chasers accompanied by his teammates.Fotheringham 2012 168 The leading group gained a two-minute margin along the consistent terrain of the historic Route Napoléon, with Ocaña dropping his fellow riders on a detour climb over the second-category Col du Noyer with 60 km on remaining. He then performed a time trial-like solo effort for the remainder of the route and up to victory atop the first-category climb to the Orcières-Merlette ski resort. Van Impe had also ridden alone since the Noyer and finished nearly six minutes behind Ocaña. Merckx led the group of remaining favourites all the way to the finish, 8:42 minutes in arrears.Fotheringham 2014 138–149 Ocaña took the general classification lead, with Van Impe rising to third, behind Zoetemelk.Wadley 1971 59 After the stage, Merckx admitted defeat in the overall race to the new leader, but Ocaña was still wary of the former leader.Moore 2014 112–113 Van Impe took the lead of the mountains classification from Zoetemelk. Ocaña set such a pace that 61 cyclists finished outside the original allowed time limit, leaving only 39 in the race.McGann McGann 2008 53–66 The time limit was consequently extended such that all but three were allowed to start the next stage.https://www.dekrantvantoen.nl/vw/article.do?id=NVHN-19710709-AE0013001 Luis Ocana geeft Tour sensationele wending Luis Ocaña gives Tour a sensational twist 9 July 1971 13 De Krant van Toen Nieuwsblad van het Noorden nl De Vlaeminck abandoned the Tour, four days after his crash on stage 7.Wadley 1971 62 The next day was the second rest of the race, spent at Orcières-Merlette. thumb|left|alt=Elevated view of the Old Port of Marseille with red tile-roofed surrounding a quay of yachts|The finish of stage 12 in the Old Port of Marseille was missed by many as it produced a record-breaking average speed of 45.351 kph mph on. The transition to the Pyrenees began with stage 12, taking the Tour from Orcières-Merlette to Marseille at the coast. The day's high temperature had brought forward the start time by ten minutes.Friebe 2012 214 Whilst Merckx and his Molteni 1971 yes team were prepared to race on the start line,Moore 2014 114–115 new race leader Ocaña arrived late and was at the back of the field saying to journalists that he expected the stage to be a "formality",Fotheringham 2012 170 at the same time dismissing warnings by his teammates of an early attack on the descent from his rival.Friebe 2012 214 Merckx's teammate Wagtmans immediately attacked to form a lead group of twelve, including Merckx and two more teammates. The unexpected move fractured the peloton, and many riders fell as tubular tyres glued during the rest day became detached from wheels rims.Moore 2014 115 The lead group reduced to nine riders on the flat terrain, and they held an advantage of between one and two minutes for the remainder of the stage,Friebe 2012 215 with the sprint finish in the Old Port of Marseille won by Scic 1971 yes rider Luciano Armani, ahead of Merckx.Fotheringham 2012 171 The leaders covered the stage distance of 251 km on in 5:25:28 hours, breaking the record for the fastest average speed of a mass-start Tour stage at 45.351 kph mph on.Fotheringham 2012 171 They arrived about one hour ahead of the expected schedule,Wadley 1971 41 and the preparations at the finish line not yet been completed, with the race being missed by some fans and dignitaries.Friebe 2012 216 The live television slots were missed, and the mayor of Marseille, Gaston Defferre, was so upset that he refused to let the race visit his city again.The next time the Tour de France visited Marseille was in 1989,Augendre 2019 170 three years after Gaston Defferre died.Moore 2014 116Fotheringham 2012 171–172 The reduced peloton finished the stage almost two minutes behind the lead group.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1971 – Stage 12 Orcières-Merlette > Marseille http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1971/1200/etape.html 27 April 2020 Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation This could have been more if not for a tactical error by Molteni 1971 yes, when four riders of theirs were dropped by the peloton as they waited to pace back tyre-punctured teammate Joseph Bruyère, only just making the time limit;Fotheringham 2012 171 with them being at the front of the peloton they would have been able to disrupt and slow down the chase.Friebe 2012 215–216 Although Merckx rose to second overall, he was just over seven and a half minutes behind the leader, and was left dissatisfied with the meagre finishing margin. Reassuring his leader, Wagtmans told him that Ocaña had looked exhausted on the podium after the stage and that "Ocaña has no future in this Tour."Friebe 2012 217 After the stage,Friebe 2012 218 the riders were transferred by plane between the cities of Marseille and Toulouse, before a coach ride to Albi and stage 13's individual time trial held the next day in the town.Wadley 1971 42 The 16.3 km on hilly and technical course which started and finished at the Circuit d'Albi motor-racing track was won by Merckx with a time of 22:57 minutes, beating second-placed Ocaña by 11 seconds.http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1971/07/12/MD19710712-019.pdf Clasificaciones oficiales Official classifications 12 July 1971 19 es El Mundo Deportivo Merckx accused the French television-operated car of following alongside Ocaña and giving him an unfair draft, but the reason for this was that for the first time colour television was being broadcast live and a car was required instead of a motorbike.Fotheringham 2012 172–173 This furthered tensions in the race with accusations that, in the previous stage, seven riders of the all-Spanish KAS 1971 yes team, allied to Ocaña, were given unwarranted reprieves after finishing outside the time limit.Wadley 1971 42Allchin Bell 2003 73 Pyrenees thumb|alt=Memorial plaque reading the translated words "Monday July 12, 1971, tragedy in the Tour de France. On this road transformed into a torrent of mud by an apocalypse storm, Luis Ocaña, a yellow jersey, gave up all his hopes against this rock."|Race leader Luis Ocaña left the Tour with injury following an incident with his rivals as they descended the Col de Menté on stage 14. A plaque there remembers him after his death from suicide, aged 48.Moore 2014 121 Stage 14, from the town Revelstage-14 The riders rode a neutralised distance of 60 km on between stage 13's finish of Albi to the start of stage 14 in Revel.Wadley 1971 43 to the Pyreneean spa town of Luchon, featured the third-category Col de Portet d'Aspet and then the second-category passes of Col de Menté and Col du Portillon. On the Portet d'Aspet, Fuente shed his fellow breakaway riders to summit with a lead of 2:20 minutes;Wadley 1971 43–46 Fuente was an elite climber who won the mountains classification at the 1971 Giro, but was not a concern to the Tour favourites as he was close to two hours down in 100th place overall.Wadley 1971 43 In the group of favourites about five minutes behind, Ocaña defended four attacks from Merckx,Wadley 1971 46 with the offensive continuing on the Menté that soon followed.Friebe 2012 218 As the lone leader Fuente summited the Menté ahead,Fotheringham 2012 173Moore 2014 119 the weather severely worsened with a thunderstorm of torrential rain and large hailstones,Wadley 1971 46 making for a dangerous descent, with vision on the mud flooded roads impaired to around 5 m on.Fotheringham 2012 173Moore 2014 119 Many riders got tyre punctures while descending,Fotheringham 2012 173 including Ocaña, who rode with one as he closely followed Merckx.Fotheringham 2014 160 With braking very difficult in the wet, both skidded and fell as they overran a flooded left-hand bend 3 km on from the top. Ocaña was hit by a rider as he got up in the middle of the road, and a few moments later, he was hit again as he stood on the roadside requesting a spare wheel from his team car.ocana-hit The riders that collided with Luis Ocaña are thought to be Joop Zoetemelk first and then Joaquim Agostinho, but accounts vary and the evidence is inconclusive.Fotheringham 2014 160–165 As the others involved rode on, Ocaña was left lying unresponsive in a state of shock, semi-conscious and struggling to breathe.Fotheringham 2014 160–165 He was unable to continue in the race and was taken to the foot of the climb by ambulance and then by helicopter to hospital in the nearby town of Saint-Gaudens.Moore 2014 119Wadley 1971 46–47 Suffering with back pain,Fotheringham 2014 169–170 he was discharged following day.Moore 2014 119Fotheringham 2012 175 The worst of the storm had passed after about ten minutes, and following a brief entry into Spain to climb the Portillon, Fuente descended to victory in Luchon,Wadley 1971 46–47 6:21 minutes ahead a group of five including Merckx, Van Impe and Zoetemelk, who were a minute ahead of the next bunch.Wadley 1971 59 Merckx became the new race leader, but out of respect for Ocaña, he refused the yellow jersey in the ceremony at the end of the stage, and his request not to wear it during the next stage was granted;Fotheringham 2012 175 he wore the combination classification leader's white jersey instead.Wadley 1971 47 Merckx considered leaving the race, because he did not want to win due to Ocaña's misfortune, saying "I would rather finish second than win in this way".Fotheringham 2012 175 His directeur sportif (team manager) Guillaume Driessens nl Lomme Driessens was among those to convince him to remain, reminding him that the work-shy 'wheelsuckers' Zoetemelk and Van Impe would be the next in line to win the race.The 'wheelsucker' labels directed towards Lucien Van Impe and Joop Zoetemelk by Guillaume Driessens nl Lomme Driessens was a way of saying they did not attack to win and instead follow someone else who attacks to win.Glaskin 2019 148–149 Zoetemelk first gained the label after his second place to overall winner Eddy Merckx in the previous Tour, when it was joked that he was as pale as when he began the race because he was always riding in Merckx's shadow.Fotheringham 2012 147Pickering 2015 54The aggressive and bully-like nature of Eddy Merckx's directeur sportif Guillaume Driessens nl Lomme Driessens was not reserved solely for opposing riders. In fact, Merckx disliked Driessens before he was his directeur sportif. Specifically, Merckx did not like the manner in which Driessens would talk down to him and tell him what he was doing wrong when they were on opposing teams earlier in his career.Friebe 2012 79-82Friebe 2012 225 Gösta Pettersson abandoned the race on the ascent of the Menté;Wadley 1971 46 he was fifth overall at the end of the previous stage. Stage 15 was a mass-start hill climb from Luchon, across 19.6 km on, up to the Superbagnères ski resort.Friebe 2012 225–226 Together with the inclement weather, the form of Fuente continued as he won again, attacking 6 km on from the end. Van Impe and Thévenet moved clear with 3 km on remaining, coming in half-way between Merckx and Zoetemelk, a minute down.McGann McGann 2008 63Wadley 1971 47 The average speed of 20.6 kph mph on covered by the last finisher, Eddy Peelman of Mercier 1971 yes,Eddy Peelman finished six seconds outside the time limit, but his directeur sportif Louis Caput argued that the stage winner José Manuel Fuente had twice been reprieved for the same offence.58ème Tour de France 1971 – 15ème étape 58th Tour de France 1971 – 15th stage http://memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf_1970_1979/tdf1971_15.php 6 May 2020 Mémoire du cyclisme fr is among the very slowest of any post-World War II Tour stage, all those within the time limits.van den Akker 2018 75–76 In the general classification, Merckx now led Van Impe by 2:17 minutes, who had moved 4 seconds ahead of Zoetemelk to second place. Merckx took the points classification led from Guimard. thumb|left|alt=|The Pyreneean ski resort of Gourette hosted the finish of stage 16a, the last of the high mountain stages. The first leg of stage 16 was the last with mountain climbing, first crossing the second-category Col de Peyresourde and Col d'Aspin, followed by the higher first-category Col du Tourmalet and Col d'Aubisque, before a short descent to the finish at the Gourette ski resort.Wadley 1971 48 Merckx injured his right knee following two falls on the Menté, and had been sleep-deprived for the two nights since.Fotheringham 2012 175Wadley 1971 48 He attacked on the descent of the Col d'Aspin, followed by Van Impe, and by the bottom the two leaders held a 40-second margin over the peloton. Zoetemelk bridged across to the pair on the early portions of the Tourmalet. Van Impe escaped a kilometre from the summit, where he held a lead of 1:10 minutes, but Merckx and Zoetemelk worked together into the prevailing headwind on the descent and caught him at the bottom. The three leaders then slowed, and they were joined by several others on the Col d'Aubisque, where another storm awaited the race. Merckx defended the solitary attack of Van Impe on the climb. A local to area, Bernard Labourdette, took the victory on Bastille Day, summiting with a two-minute advantage and soloing to Gourette. Labourdette, a teammate of Ocaña, afterwards said: "This is the stage that Luis Ocaña should and would have won." Merckx lead the others over the finish.Wadley 1971 48–54 The second part of stage 16 brought the race down from the Pyrenees to the city of Pau. The opening 14.5 km on from Gourette was neutralised due to flooding on the Col d'Aubisque descent caused by the storm, with racing starting in the village of Eaux-Bonnes across a reduced course of 57.5 km on. In the final kilometres, Van Springel went clear of an elite-rider breakaway to win the finishing sprint ahead of fellow escapee Willy Van Neste of Flandria 1971 yes. Van Springel took points away from teammate Merckx's green jersey rival Guimard, who beat Merckx in the sprint for third to his bring overall deficit to five points.Fotheringham 2012 176 Merckx previously accused Guimard of assisting Ocaña chase him down on stage 13 to Marseille.Friebe 2012 218Fotheringham 2012 175–176 Final stages The next three stages took the Tour to its final stage in Paris. In the morning of stage 17, Merckx visited Ocaña in recuperation at his home in Mont-de-Marsan, the host of the stage start.Fotheringham 2012 175 The course of stage 17 through the Landes forest to Bordeaux, was more often processional and traditionally ended in a bunch sprint.Wadley 1971 55 With 65 km on remaining, an attack launched by Van Impe's teammate Raymond Riotte formed a breakaway with four others, including Merckx.Ouwerkerk Peter https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010957588:mpeg21:p006 Merckx niet meer te stuiten Merckx unstoppable 16 July 1971 6 Delpher Het Vrije Volk nl Guimard missed the move as he was swapping bottles around on his bicycle.Fotheringham 2012 176 Merckx won the finishing sprint from the group, increasing his leading margins in the general and points classifications to 5:38 minutes and 31 points respectively. On stage 18 to Poitiers, Jean-Pierre Danguillaume of Peugeot 1971 yes sprinted to victory from a ten-man breakaway that finished close to three minutes ahead of the peloton.Ouwerkerk Peter https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010957589:mpeg21:p006 Krekels leest Tour-boek evenmin als 'Jos de Vleut' Krekels reads Tour book no more than 'Jos de Vleut' 17 July 1971 6 Delpher Het Vrije Volk nl In the last kilometres of the next stage, nine riders bridged across from the peloton to the breakaway of three, and from this Caballero 1971 yes rider Jan Krekels won the sprint finish, ahead of Guimard,Wadley 1971 55https://archivio.unita.news/assets/main/1971/07/18/page_012.pdf Merckx verso il trionfo Merckx on the way to victory 18 July 1971 12 L'Unità it on Versailles's Avenue de Paris (Versailles) Avenue de Paris fr Avenue de Paris (Versailles) in outskirts of Paris.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010555998:mpeg21:p011 Vandaag Today 17 July 1971 11 Delpher Limburgs Dagblad nl thumb|alt=Aerial view of a concrete banked oval stadium surrounded by a tree filled park|The Tour concluded with an individual time trial which started and finished inside the Vélodrome de Vincennes (pictured in 1900) in the eastern Parisian park of Bois de Vincennes, the host of the race finale between 1968 and 1974.Augendre 2019 173 The final stage's 53.8 km on individual time trial began in Versailles and ended at the Vélodrome de Vincennes.Friebe 2012 226 It was won by Merckx, 2:36 minutes ahead of Agostinho, with Wagtmans a further 16 seconds down in third. Merckx extended his overall lead from 5:38 to 9:51 minutes,The history of the Tour de France – Year 1971 – Stage 20 Versailles > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1971/2000/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 6 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190406031610/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1971/2000/etape.html 6 April 2019 live dmy-all becoming the third rider, after Louison Bobet and Anquetil, to win three Tours in a row.Augendre 2019 111–113 Zoetemelk raced the time trial 1:22 minutes quicker than Van Impe to overhaul a 7-second deficit from before the stage and finish the Tour second overall. Merckx also ended the race as the points classification winner, beating Guimard by a margin of 16. Van Impe won the mountains classification, 48 points ahead of Zoetemelk. Merckx finished highest in the general and two aforementioned classifications to win the combination classification. The intermediate sprints classification was won by Zoetemelk's teammate Pieter Nassen. The winners of the team classification were Bic 1971 yes.Wadley 1971 62 Of the 130 starters, 94 reached the finish of the final stage. Aftermath At the time, the 1971 Tour was considered the most exciting in recent years due mainly to the contest between Merckx and Ocaña.Wadley 1971 55https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011016082:mpeg21:p013 Een mythe is voorbij A myth is over 12 July 1971 13 Delpher Nieuwsblad van het Noorden nl This has since been named among the greatest battles and overall moments in Tour de France history,Fotheringham 2012 161Allchin Bell 2003 69Yost Whit The 30 Greatest Moments in Tour de France History https://www.bicycling.com/tour-de-france/g22142707/tour-de-france-greatest-moments/?slide=14 30 July 2020 Bicycling 1 July 2019 with its significant stages of 11, 12, and 14, described as a "trilogy" by journalist Richard Moore in his 2014 book Étape: The Untold Stories of the Tour de France's Defining Stages.Moore 2014 105 Some observers have thought that if Ocaña had continued he would have won the race.Fotheringham 2012 176McGann McGann 2008 66Wadley 1971 55 Tour journalist Jock Wadley predicted that Ocaña would have had an advantage of five minutes over Merckx before the final time trial, and then held three minutes by the end.Wadley 1971 55 Jacques Goddet believed that Merckx was a lesser climber and could not have overhauled Ocaña, but writer Olivier Dazat suggested that Merckx was mentally stronger and would have relentlessly chased down Ocaña.Fotheringham 2012 176–177 Riotte said that Ocaña's crash was "provoked" by Merckx and that if not then, Ocaña would have faltered eventually.Friebe 2012 226–227 Ocaña soon recovered from his injuries and had a successful end to the season.Wilcockson John John Wilcockson Luis Ocaña: The only man to humble Eddy Merckx https://pelotonmagazine.com/features/luis-ocana-the-only-man-to-humble-eddy-merckx/ 30 July 2020 Peloton Magazine 28 August 2018 He next rode against Merckx over a month later in the world road race championship in Mendrisio, Switzerland, where a mistake of going back to get a drink was countered by Merckx, and he gained his second rainbow jersey as the victor.Friebe 2012 228Eddy Merckx herovert regenboogtrui Eddy Merckx recaptures rainbow jersey https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010848874:mpeg21:p001 de Volkskrant 1 6 September 1971 nl Delpher The rivalry continued into the following Tour, but Ocaña left the race with illness. Merckx went on to win a fourth Tour, and then won his fifth and final in 1974.Augendre 2019 113 He skipped the 1973 edition,Eddy Merckx chose not to ride the 1973 Tour de France and instead opted for the two other Grand Tours of Vuelta a España and Giro d'Italia. He admitted that he bowed to pressure from the media and the animosity felt from French fans that were unhappy of his continuous success.Fotheringham 2014 182Friebe 2012 242 which Ocaña won, and the rivalry never reached the heights seen in the 1971 Tour.Fotheringham 2012 161 Ocaña was named as his closest rival by Merckx,Fotheringham 2014 2 who is now regarded by many as the most successful rider in the history of competitive cycling.Heijmans Mallon 2011 130Nauright Parrish 2012 368 The second, third and fourth-place finishers of the race went on to win at least one Tour during their careers; Zoetemelk in 1980, Van Impe in 1976, and Thévenet in 1975 and 1977.Augendre 2019 113 Final standings Legend 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. Denotes the winner of the combination classification General classification + Final general classification (1–10) Rank Rider Team Time 1 Eddy Merckx BEL 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. Molteni 1971 96h 45' 14" 2 Joop Zoetemelk NED Flandria 1971 + 9' 51" 3 Lucien Van Impe BEL Sonolor 1971 + 11' 06" 4 Bernard Thévenet FRA Peugeot 1971 + 14' 50" 5 Joaquim Agostinho POR Frimatic 1971 + 21' 00" 6 Leif Mortensen DEN Bic 1971 + 21' 38" 7 Cyrille Guimard FRA Mercier 1971 + 22' 58" 8 Bernard Labourdette FRA Bic 1971 + 30' 07" 9 Lucien Aimar FRA Sonolor 1971 + 32' 45" 10 Vicente López Carril ESP 1945 KAS 1971 + 36' 00" Final general classification (11–94) Rank Rider Team Time 11 Francisco Galdós ESP 1945 KAS 1971 + 41' 59" 12 Primo Mori ITA Salvarani 1971 + 47' 44" 13 Antonio Martos ESP 1945 Werner 1971 + 48' 13" 14 Herman Van Springel BEL Molteni 1971 + 48' 20" 15 Agustín Tamames ESP 1945 Werner 1971 + 49' 19" 16 Rini Wagtmans NED Molteni 1971 + 52' 50" 17 Désiré Letort FRA Bic 1971 + 57' 53" 18 Jean-Pierre Danguillaume FRA Peugeot 1971 + 59' 10" 19 Mauro Simonetti ITA Ferretti 1971 + 1h 03' 06" 20 Jean Dumont FRA Peugeot 1971 + 1h 03' 49" 21 Victor Van Schil BEL Molteni 1971 + 1h 08' 28" 22 Johny Schleck LUX Bic 1971 + 1h 09' 35" 23 Michel Périn FRA Mercier 1971 + 1h 10' 19" 24 Luis Santamarina ESP 1945 Werner 1971 + 1h 10' 28" 25 Ottavio Crepaldi ITA Salvarani 1971 + 1h 12' 00" 26 Jean-Pierre Genet FRA Mercier 1971 + 1h 14' 52" 27 Jos Huysmans BEL Molteni 1971 + 1h 15' 41" 28 Bernard Guyot FRA Sonolor 1971 + 1h 16' 41" 29 Albert Van Vlierberghe BELFerretti 1971 + 1h 17' 47" 30 Jos van der Vleuten NED Caballero 1971 + 1h 17' 48" 31 Mariano Martinez FRA Frimatic 1971 + 1h 19' 31" 32 Christian Raymond FRA Peugeot 1971 + 1h 23' 24" 33 Ventura Díaz ESP 1945 Werner 1971 + 1h 25' 30" 34 Raymond Riotte FRA Sonolor 1971 + 1h 26' 13" 35 Roger Swerts BEL Molteni 1971 + 1h 27' 52" 36 Francis Ducreux FRA Bic 1971 + 1h 28' 41" 37 Roland Berland FRA Bic 1971 + 1h 30' 57" 38 Gabriel Mascaró Febrer ESP 1945 KAS 1971 + 1h 33' 08" 39 Jean-Claude Genty FRA Bic 1971 + 1h 33' 57" 40 Barry Hoban GBR Sonolor 1971 + 1h 33' 59" 41 Robert Bouloux FRA Peugeot 1971 + 1h 35' 19" 42 Georges Vandenberghe BEL Salvarani 1971 + 1h 35' 42" 43 José Catieau FRA Sonolor 1971 + 1h 36' 12" 44 Jozef Spruyt BEL Molteni 1971 + 1h 36' 36" 45 Luis Balagué ESP 1945 Werner 1971 + 1h 37' 15" 46 Jean-Claude Daunat FRA Frimatic 1971 + 1h 38' 38" 47 Kurt Rub SUI Frimatic 1971 + 1h 40' 41" 48 Charly Grosskost FRA Bic 1971 + 1h 41' 26" 49 José Luis Uribezubia ESP 1945 KAS 1971 + 1h 42' 05" 50 Jan Krekels NED Caballero 1971 + 1h 42' 47" 51 Jean Vidament FRA Frimatic 1971 + 1h 43' 37" 52 José Manuel López Rodríguez ESP 1945 Werner 1971 + 1h 43' 57" 53 Jesús Manzaneque ESP 1945 KAS 1971 + 1h 44' 14" 54 Jean-Jacques Sanquer FRA Sonolor 1971 + 1h 44' 35" 55 Edy Schütz LUX Flandria 1971 + 1h 44' 51" 56 François Cocquery FRA Mercier 1971 + 1h 46' 05" 57 Frans Mintjens BEL Molteni 1971 + 1h 47' 19" 58 Ferdinand Bracke BEL Peugeot 1971 + 1h 47' 40" 59 Wim Prinsen NED Caballero 1971 + 1h 49' 26" 60 Joseph Bruyère BEL Molteni 1971 + 1h 49' 35" 61 Nemesio Jiménez ESP 1945 KAS 1971 + 1h 49' 46" 62 Erik De Vlaeminck BEL Flandria 1971 + 1h 50' 09" 63 Gerben Karstens NED Caballero 1971 + 1h 51' 51" 64 Wilmo Francioni ITA Ferretti 1971 + 1h 52' 14" 65 Alain Vasseur FRA Bic 1971 + 1h 57' 12" 66 Luciano Armani ITA Scic 1971 + 1h 58' 14" 67 Francisco Julia ESP 1945 Werner 1971 + 1h 59' 58" 68 Pietro Guerra ITA Salvarani 1971 + 2h 02' 34" 69 Yves Ravaleu FRA Frimatic 1971 + 2h 04' 06" 70 Willy Van Neste BEL Flandria 1971 + 2h 05' 10" 71 Rolf Wolfshohl FRG Mercier 1971 + 2h 05' 36" 72 José Manuel Fuente ESP 1945 KAS 1971 + 2h 05' 47" 73 Francisco Javier Galdeano ESP 1945 KAS 1971 + 2h 06' 21" 74 Willy Teirlinck BEL Sonolor 1971 + 2h 08' 07" 75 Edouard Janssens BEL Flandria 1971 + 2h 08' 38" 76 Mathijs De Koning NED Caballero 1971 + 2h 08' 48" 77 Raymond Delisle FRA Peugeot 1971 + 2h 09' 24" 78 Adriano Pella ITA Scic 1971 + 2h 13' 18" 79 Pierre Ghisellini ITA Frimatic 1971 + 2h 13' 52" 80 Henk Benjamins NED Caballero 1971 + 2h 14' 46" 81 René Grelin FRA Mercier 1971 + 2h 18' 14" 82 Gert Harings NED Caballero 1971 + 2h 25' 12" 83 Celestino Vercelli ITA Scic 1971 + 2h 29' 26" 84 Robert Mintkiewicz FRA Sonolor 1971 + 2h 35' 40" 85 Sandro Quintarelli ITA Ferretti 1971 + 2h 36' 19" 86 Silvano Davo ITA Salvarani 1971 + 2h 37' 51" 87 Jan van Katwijk NED Caballero 1971 + 2h 41' 37" 88 Eddy Peelman BEL Mercier 1971 + 2h 41' 50" 89 Pierre Martelozzo ITA Peugeot 1971 + 2h 45' 45" 90 Julien Stevens BEL Molteni 1971 + 2h 47' 21" 91 Eric Leman BEL Flandria 1971 + 2h 51' 38" 92 Roberto Ballini ITA Ferretti 1971 + 2h 52' 26" 93 Pieter Nassen BEL Flandria 1971 + 2h 57' 48" 94 Georges Chappe FRA Mercier 1971 + 3h 04' 54" Points classification +Final points classification (1–10)Wadley 1971 62 Rank Rider Team Points 1 Eddy Merckx BEL 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. Molteni 1971 202 2 Cyrille Guimard FRA Mercier 1971 186 3 Gerben Karstens NED Caballero 1971 107 4 Rini Wagtmans NED Molteni 1971 97 5 Joop Zoetemelk NED Flandria 1971 93 6 Eric Leman BEL Flandria 1971 82 7 Jan Krekels NED Caballero 1971 81 8 Jean-Pierre Danguillaume FRA Peugeot 1971 71 9 Lucien Van Impe BEL Sonolor 1971 64 10 Joaquim Agostinho POR Frimatic 1971 63 Mountains classification +Final mountains classification (1–10)http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1971/07/19/MD19710719-019.pdf Clasificaciones oficiales Official classifications 19 July 1971 19 es El Mundo Deportivo https://web.archive.org/web/20170228171223/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1971/07/19/MD19710719-019.pdf 28 February 2017 liveClassifica finale Final ranking http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&f=12961 Corriere dello Sport 19 July 1971 7 it https://web.archive.org/web/20190406024446/http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&f=12961 6 April 2019 live Rank Rider Team Points 1 Lucien Van Impe BEL Sonolor 1971 228 2 Joop Zoetemelk NED Flandria 1971 180 3 Eddy Merckx BEL 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. Molteni 1971 137 4 José Manuel Fuente ESP 1945 KAS 1971 89 5 Cyrille Guimard FRA Mercier 1971 74 6 Joaquim Agostinho POR Frimatic 1971 68 7 Bernard Thévenet FRA Peugeot 1971 48 8 Vicente López Carril ESP 1945 KAS 1971 47 9 Désiré Letort FRA Bic 1971 38 10 Lucien Aimar FRA Sonolor 1971 37 Combination classification +Final combination classification (1–10)Wadley 1971 62 Rank Rider Team Points 1 Eddy Merckx BEL 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. Molteni 1971 5 2 Joop Zoetemelk NED Flandria 1971 9 3 Lucien Van Impe BEL Sonolor 1971 13 4 Cyrille Guimard FRA Mercier 1971 14 5 Joaquim Agostinho POR Frimatic 1971 21 6 Bernard Thévenet FRA Peugeot 1971 23 7 Rini Wagtmans NED Molteni 1971 34 8 Jean-Pierre Danguillaume FRA Peugeot 1971 37.5 9 Bernard Labourdette FRA Bic 1971 42 10 Vicente López Carril ESP 1945 KAS 1971 45.5 Intermediate sprints classification +Final intermediate sprints classification (1–10)https://www.dekrantvantoen.nl//vw/article.do?id=LC-19710719-9006 Eindstanden in de Tour Final positions in the Tour nl Leeuwarder Courant 19 July 1971 9 https://web.archive.org/web/20190404032558/https://www.dekrantvantoen.nl//vw/article.do?id=LC-19710719-9006 4 April 2019 live De Krant van Toen Rank Rider Team Points 1 Pieter Nassen BEL Flandria 1971 52 2 Jos van der Vleuten NED Caballero 1971 35 3 Eddy Merckx BEL 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. Molteni 1971 34 4 Barry Hoban GBR Sonolor 1971 26 5 Robert Mintkiewicz FRA Sonolor 1971 21 6 Joop Zoetemelk NED Flandria 1971 20 7 Gerben Karstens NED Caballero 1971 17 8 Raymond Riotte FRA Sonolor 1971 16 9 Roberto Ballini ITA Ferretti 1971 14 10 Wilmo Francioni ITA Ferretti 1971 14 Team classification +Final team classification (1–10) Rank Team Time1Bic 1971 292 01' 40"2Molteni 1971 + 20' 20"3Peugeot 1971 + 31' 39"4Sonolor 1971 + 56' 32"5Ferretti 1971 + 1h 22' 31"6KAS 1971 + 1h 35' 39"7Werner 1971 + 1h 51' 43"8Mercier 1971 + 1h 56' 08"9Flandria 1971 + 2h 10' 32"10Frimatic 1971 + 2h 13' 11" Super Prestige Pernod ranking Riders in the Tour competed individually for points that contributed towards the Super Prestige Pernod ranking, an international season-long road cycling competition, with the winner seen as the best all-round rider.Moore Richard Richard Moore (journalist) Remembering Super Prestige Pernod, the season-long battle for title of best rider in the world https://cyclingtips.com/2017/06/remembering-super-prestige-pernod-season-long-battle-title-best-rider-world/ 3 February 2019 CyclingTips Wade Wallace 13 June 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20190204065759/https://cyclingtips.com/2017/06/remembering-super-prestige-pernod-season-long-battle-title-best-rider-world/ 4 February 2019 live dmy-all Eddy Merckx held his substantial lead in the ranking at the end of the Tour.Merckx battra-t-il le record du super-prestige? Will Merckx beat the record for super-prestige? http://doc.rero.ch/record/65091/files/1971-07-19.pdf L'Express 19 July 1971 9 fr https://web.archive.org/web/20190406025310/http://doc.rero.ch/record/65091/files/1971-07-19.pdf 6 April 2019 live RERO + Super Prestige Pernod ranking on 18 July 1971 (1–10)https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010556001:mpeg21:p015 Merckx onaantastbaar in Super Prestige Pernod Merckx unassailable in Super Prestige Pernod nl Limburgs Dagblad 21 July 1962 15 Delpher Rank Rider Team Points 1 Eddy Merckx BEL Molteni 1971 440 2 Gösta Pettersson SWE Ferretti 1971 140 3 Joop Zoetemelk NED Flandria 1971 100 4 Herman Van Springel BEL Molteni 1971 90 5 Luis Ocaña ESP 1945 Bic 1971 80 6 Ferdinand Bracke BEL Peugeot 1971 75 7 Roger Rosiers BEL Bic 1971 71 8 Bernard Thévenet FRA Peugeot 1971 65 Cyrille Guimard FRA Sonolor 1971 10 Lucien Van Impe BEL Sonolor 1971 60 Roger De Vlaeminck BEL Flandria 1971 Evert Dolman NED Flandria 1971 Doping In total, 100 doping tests were done during the 1971 Tour de France, from which 2 returned positive: Yves Ravaleu, after the thirteenth stage; Jean-Claude Daunat, after the eighteenth stage. Both Frimatic 1971 yes riders received the customary punishment: a fine of 1200 f; being set back to the last place in the stage's results and getting ten minutes penalty time in the general classification.https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010555999:mpeg21:p009 9 Twee Fransen "positief" nl 19 July 1971 Limburgs Dagblad Delpher Notes References 30em Bibliography Allchin Richard Bell Adrian Golden Stages of the Tour de France https://archive.org/details/goldenstages0000unse registration 2003 Mousehold Press Norwich, UK 978-1-874739-28-9 Arribas Carlos Ocaña Cuadrado-Fernández Antonio Bell Adrian https://books.google.com/books?id=Cvy2oAEACAAJ 2014 Mousehold Press Norwich, UK 978-1-874739-72-2 Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre https://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cycling_tdf/guide-historique-v3.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2019 fr 13 September 2019 Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20190913134711/https://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cycling_tdf/guide-historique-v3.pdf 13 September 2019 live Fotheringham Alasdair Alasdair Fotheringham Reckless: The Life and Times of Luis Ocaña https://books.google.com/books?id=nVITAwAAQBAJ 2014 Bloomsbury Publishing London 978-1-4088-4602-5 Fotheringham William William Fotheringham Merckx: Half Man, Half Bike https://books.google.com/books?id=PAlNA94o5bUC 2012 Yellow Jersey Press London 978-0-224-07451-3 Friebe Daniel Eddy Merckx: The Cannibal https://books.google.com/books?id=Geey_BknQgEC 2012 Ebury Press London 978-0-09-194316-5 Glaskin Max Cycling Science https://books.google.com/books?id=eS2UDwAAQBAJ 2019 Ivy Press Brighton, UK 978-1-78240-643-3 Heijmans Jeroen Mallon Bill Bill Mallon Historical Dictionary of Cycling Scarecrow Press 2011 Lanham, Maryland https://books.google.com/books?id=nrdfuueq2CcC 978-0-8108-7369-8 Henderson Noel G Cycling Classics, 1970–72 1973 Pelham Books London 978-0-7207-0705-2 McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1965–2007 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=V8mlwItBhhcC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis 2008 978-1-59858-608-4 Moore Richard Richard Moore (journalist) Étape: The Untold Stories of the Tour de France's Defining Stages https://books.google.com/books?id=nPLJAgAAQBAJ 2014 HarperCollins London 978-0-00-750013-0 Nauright John Parrish Charles Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=IkLYDgTnMxEC 2012 ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, California 978-1-59884-300-2 Pickering Edward The Yellow Jersey Club: Inside the Minds of the Tour de France Winners https://books.google.com/books?id=II0QCgAAQBAJ 2015 Bantam Press London 978-0-593-07396-4 https://books.google.com/books?id=UpzzPqexF00C The Tour de France: A Cultural History Christopher S. Thompson 978-0-520-25630-9 University of California Press Oakland, California 2008 van den Akker Pieter Tour de France Rules and Statistics: 1903–2018 https://books.google.com/books?id=09sxwQEACAAJ 2018 Self-published 978-1-79398-080-9 Wadley J. B. Jock Wadley Eddy Merckx, Luis Ocana and the 1971 Tour de France https://books.google.com/books?id=98EqHAAACAAJ Kennedy Brothers Publishing Keighley, UK 1971 483164 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 148–149 9780007543991 872700415 External links 1971 Tour de France P 9 10 20 Tour de Tour De France, 1971 Category:Tour de France by year Tour de France Tour de France Tour De France