1985 Atlantic hurricane season

none Atl 1985 1985 Atlantic hurricane season summary map.png July 15, 1985 December 9, 1985 Gloria 920 125 1 14 11 7 3 60 total 4520 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987 Timeline of the 1985 Atlantic hurricane season 1985 Pacific hurricane season 1985 Pacific typhoon season 1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 1985 Atlantic hurricane season was an average yet destructive hurricane season. It featured a near-record number of hurricanes landfalls in the United States – six – tied with 2020 and only surpassed by 1886.Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory Continental United States Hurricane Impacts/Landfalls 1851-2023 May 2024 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration March 4, 2025 https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/All_U.S._Hurricanes.html The season officially began on June 1 and lasted until November 30.https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=s2BEAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KrIMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1234,34305&dq=hurricane+season&hl=en Hurricane Season Smells of Disaster William E. Schultz June 1, 1985 Associated Press The Albany Herald 5 July 28, 2013 Atlanta, Georgia This was partially attributed to a La Niña – a meteorological phenomenon that produces favorable conditions across the Atlantic basin, such as lower wind shear and higher sea surface temperatures. The first storm, Ana, developed on July 15 near Bermuda and caused minor effects in Canada while transitioning into an extratropical cyclone. Three other tropical cyclones – Claudette, Henri, and Isabel – did not significantly affect land. Claudette developed offshore of the Southeastern United States and brushed Bermuda and the Azores. Henri and Isabel were dissipating as they approached land. However, the precursor of the latter caused a severe flood in Puerto Rico that killed 180 people. Additionally, Tropical Storm Fabian and three tropical depressions did not have any known impact on land. Although several storms caused minimal effects, several tropical cyclones also left extensive impact. Hurricane Gloria, the strongest storm of the season, resulted in 14 fatalities and about $900 million (1985 USD) in damage in North Carolina, Virginia, the Mid-Atlantic, and New England. Hurricane Elena threatened the central Gulf Coast of the United States, then abruptly re-curved toward Florida. Unexpectedly, Elena doubled-back and struck Mississippi, resulting in two mass evacuations. The storm caused $1.3 billion in losses, with most of the damage in Louisiana and Mississippi. Similarly, Hurricane Juan caused $1.5 billion in damage due to its erratic track offshore and across Louisiana. Three other tropical cyclones – Hurricanes Bob, Danny, and Kate – caused moderate to extensive damage in Cuba and the United States. Kate was a unusually late and record breaking November hurricane that struck the Florida on the 21st; a record for the latest U.S. hurricane. Overall, the tropical cyclones of this season collectively caused over $4.52 billion in damage and 60 deaths. Seasonal forecasts +Predictions of tropical activity in the 1985 seasonSourceDateNamedstormsHurricanesMajorhurricanesRefRecord high activity30157†North Atlantic Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics http://tropical.atmos.colostate.edu/Realtime/index.php?arch&loc=northatlantic Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado July 18, 2023Record low activity10†0†WRC Early 1985 10 5 N/A http://www.wxresearch.com/outlook/2008wrcvsco.pdf Comparison of Weather Research Center's OCSI Atlantic Annual Seasonal Hurricane Forecasts with Colorado State Professor Bill Gray's Seasonal Forecast Jill F. Hasling May 1, 2008 Weather Research Center November 19, 2011 March 3, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221655/http://www.wxresearch.com/outlook/2008wrcvsco.pdf deadCSU April 1985 11 8 N/A http://typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu/Includes/Documents/Publications/forecast_verifications.xls Forecast Verifications 2011 Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado July 28, 2013 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20131214201025/http://typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu/Includes/Documents/Publications/forecast_verifications.xls December 14, 2013 CSU June 1985 11 8 N/A CSU August 1985 10 7 N/A Actual activity 11 7 3 Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by Dr. William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University (CSU) and the Weather Research Center (WRC). A normal season as defined by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has 12.1 named storms, of which 6.4 reach hurricane strength, and 2.7 become major hurricanes. Neither CSU nor WRC issued a forecast on the number of major hurricanes, which are Category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/A3.html Subject: A3) What is a super-typhoon? What is a major hurricane ? What is an intense hurricane? Stan Goldberg Hurricane Research Division Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration July 28, 2013 Miami, Florida In early 1985, WRC predicted 8 named storms and 5 hurricanes. The CSU forecast for April 1985 was 11 named storms and 8 hurricanes. This forecast was not revised in June. In their August outlook, CSU predicted 10 named storms and 7 hurricanes. Season summary thumb|300px|right|Hurricane warnings issued along the Gulf Coast and East Coast of the United States in 1985 The Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, but activity in 1985 began more than a month and a half later with the formation of Tropical Storm Ana on July 15.http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1985.pdf Monthly Weather Review Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1985 Robert A. Case July 1986 Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1390–1405 July 28, 2013 Miami, Florida It was an average season in which 13 tropical depressions formed. Eleven of the depressions attained tropical storm status and seven of these attained hurricane status. In addition, three tropical cyclone eventually attained major hurricane status, which is slightly above the 1981–2010 average of 2.7 per season. The amount of activity is attributed to a La Niña that persisted since the previous season.http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ensoyears.shtml Cold & warm episodes by season July 5, 2013 Climate Prediction Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration July 28, 2013 College Park, Maryland Seven hurricanes and two tropical storms made landfall during the season, causing 60 deaths and $4.52 billion in damage.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/bob/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Bob 21-26 July 1985 Miles B. Lawrence August 8, 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 2 July 29, 2013 Storm, Fierce Winds Lash Area The Washington Post Martin Weil July 26, 1985 C1 http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/roth/valate20hur.htm Late Twentieth Century David M. Roth July 16, 2001 Weather Prediction Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration July 29, 2013 College Park, Maryland Karl E. Cocke Department of the Army Historical Summary: Fiscal Year 1985 Marilee S. Morgan United States Army Washington, D.C. 1995 81 Chapter 8. Civil Works 0092-7880 http://www.history.army.mil/books/DAHSUM/1985/ch08.htm July 29, 2013 October 11, 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20121011224940/http://www.history.army.mil/books/DAHSUM/1985/ch08.htm dead http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/danny/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Danny 12-20 August 1985 Robert C. Sheets September 18, 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 2 July 29, 2013 Carolinas feel remnants of Hurricane Danny https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QxtVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bT0NAAAAIBAJ&pg=2916,6946852&dq=hurricane+danny&hl=en The Robesonian July 29, 2013 August 15, 1985 National Climatic Data Center Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters: Events National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2020 February 25, 2021 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/events College Park, Maryland https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-6DF30542-BAFA-4274-9CAE-785EA12381D7.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: September 1985 National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 30, 37–38, 41 February 24, 2021 Asheville, North Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20210224062809/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-6DF30542-BAFA-4274-9CAE-785EA12381D7.pdf February 24, 2021 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1985.pdf Monthly Weather Review Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1985 Robert A. Case July 1986 Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1390–1405 July 28, 2013 Miami, Florida https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-FFD73DD3-85D6-4BE0-A322-5A189D836363.pdff Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: October 1985 National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 30 July 29, 2013 Asheville, North Carolina PDF https://web.archive.org/web/20210225053658/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-FFD73DD3-85D6-4BE0-A322-5A189D836363.pdf February 25, 2021 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/juan/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Juan 26 October-1 November 1985 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 3 July 29, 2013 http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-1E71DC04-368B-44AA-90C9-B7B6ACCA08BF.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: November 1985 National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 16–17, 22–23, 26–27 July 29, 2013 Asheville, North Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20210225054256/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-862D5738-D1CC-4D4A-AE9F-355B0DE434E5.pdf February 25, 2021 https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4213/report.pdf Floods in West Virginia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, November 1985 D. H. Carpenter 1990 United States Geological Survey United States Department of the Interior 37 July 30, 2013 Towson, Maryland Ralph Clark Hurricane Kate November 15-23, 1985 Florida Department of Natural Resources September 1986 2012-05-15 http://bcs.dep.state.fl.us/reports/kate/kate1.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150927160108/http://bcs.dep.state.fl.us/reports/kate/kate1.pdf 2015-09-27 ReliefWeb UNDRO Situation Report No. 3 December 19, 1985 July 31, 2013 United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs http://reliefweb.int/node/34928 Geneva, Switzerland Roger A. Pielke Jr. Jose Rubiera Christopher Landsea Mario L. Fernández Roberta Klein Hurricane Vulnerability in Latin America and The Caribbean: Normalized Damage and Loss Potentials National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hazards Review August 2003 108 2012-05-25 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/NHR-Cuba.pdf Miami, Florida The last storm of the season, Tropical Depression Thirteen, dissipated on December 9, over a week after the official end of the season on November 30. Tropical cyclogenesis in the 1985 Atlantic hurricane season began with the development Tropical Storm Ana on July 15. Less than a week later, Hurricane Bob developed in the Gulf of Mexico. Activity briefly halted until Hurricane Claudette formed offshore Georgia on August 9. The month of August also featured Hurricanes Danny and Elena. As September is the climatological peak of hurricane season, it was the most active month. Five tropical cyclones developed, including two tropical depressions, Tropical Storms Fabian and Henri, and Hurricane Gloria. Thereafter, activity began to slow, with Tropical Storm Isabel and Hurricane Juan in October. Another named storm, Hurricane Kate, developed near Puerto Rico on November 15. The final tropical cyclone of the season, Tropical Depression Thirteen, developed in the Caribbean Sea on December 7 and dissipated by late on December 9. The season's activity was reflected with a cumulative accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 88,Hurricane Research Division National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration March 2011 Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT July 30, 2013 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Comparison_of_Original_and_Revised_HURDAT_mar11.html which is classified as "near normal".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/outlooks/background_information.shtml Background information: the North Atlantic Hurricane Season May 27, 2010 Climate Prediction Center March 30, 2011 College Park, Maryland ACE is, broadly speaking, a measure of the power of the hurricane multiplied by the length of time it existed, so storms that last a long time, as well as particularly strong hurricanes, have high ACEs. ACE is only calculated for full advisories on tropical systems at or exceeding 34 kn mph km/h or tropical storm strength. Subtropical cyclones are excluded from the total.David Levinson August 20, 2008 2005 Atlantic Ocean Tropical Cyclones National Climatic Data Center July 30, 2013 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/2005-atlantic-trop-cyclones.html Asheville, North Carolina December 1, 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20051201033336/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/2005-atlantic-trop-cyclones.html dead Systems Tropical Storm Ana Atl Ana 1985-07-18 1830Z.png Ana 1985 track.png July 15 July 19 60 996 In the second week of July, an area of convection merged with a cut-off low-pressure area, which developed on July 8. After about 7 days, ship data indicated that a circulation developed on July 15. Thus, the system became Tropical Depression One at 1800 UTC that same day, while located south-southeast of Bermuda. The depression slowly curved northwestward around Bermuda and began strengthening. By late on July 16, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Ana. Thereafter, the storm turned northward and passed west of Bermuda later that day.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/ana/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Ana 15-19 July 1985 1985 1 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida December 11, 2012 On July 17, Ana accelerate north-northeastward under the influence of a frontal system and eventually paralleled Nova Scotia. While passing close to Sable Island on July 19, Ana peaked with winds of 70 mph km/h on 5. Shortly thereafter, the storm merged with frontal system, hours before it crossed the Burin Peninsula of Newfoundland.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/ana/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Ana 15-19 July 1985 1985 2 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida December 11, 2012 The storm produced relatively light winds on Bermuda, with sustained winds of 29 mph km/h on and gusts up to 47 mph km/h on, causing no damage. Ana and its remnants dropped light rainfall and produced moderate winds on Sable Island and Nova Scotia. On Sable Island, rainfall peaked at 3.3 in mm, while 2 in mm or less was reported on eastern Nova Scotia. After becoming extratropical, the system dropped slightly heavier precipitation amounts over southeastern Newfoundland, which peaked at 4.2 in mm.http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=E3DCCED5-1 1985-Ana September 15, 2010 Environment Canada February 24, 2021 Moncton, New Brunswick https://web.archive.org/web/20181118081545/http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=E3DCCED5-1 November 18, 2018 Hurricane Bob Atl Bob 1985-07-24 2000Z.png Bob 1985 track.png July 21 July 26 65 1002 Hurricane Bob (1985) A tropical wave developed into Tropical Depression Two in the eastern Gulf of Mexico on July 21. The depression drifted southeastward and then northeastward without significant intensification. However, late on July 22, it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Bob. The cyclone made landfall near Fort Myers, Florida with winds of 45 mph km/h on 5 on the following day. While crossing Florida, Bob curved sharply northward and emerged into the Atlantic Ocean near Vero Beach early on July 24. It continued to strengthen and reached hurricane intensity later that day and peaked with winds of 75 mph km/h on 5. At 0300 UTC on July 25, Bob made landfall near Beaufort, South Carolina at the same intensity. The storm weakened quickly inland and was absorbed by a frontal trough over West Virginia on July 26.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/bob/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Bob 21-26 July 1985 Miles B. Lawrence August 8, 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 3 July 29, 2013 Bob dropped heavy rainfall in South Florida, peaking at 21.5 in mm on in Everglades City. Localized flooding occurred, but was mostly limited to inundated streets and minor damage to crops.Mike Kelly July 24, 1985 South wind to bring steamy heat Syracuse Herald-JournalPalm Beach County Government Historical Chronology of Palm Beach County Flood Events July 29, 2013 http://www.pbcgov.com/PubSafety/eoc/FloodAwareness/main/primary_flood_events.htm dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120721204019/http://www.pbcgov.com/publicsafety/emergencymanagement/floodawareness/floodinformation/chronology.htm July 21, 2012 Hurricane-force winds were observed in South Carolina. Falling trees and power lines left 32,000 residents without electricity, most of which were in the Charleston area.Associated Press July 25, 1985 Bob leaves thousands homeless The News One person was killed in North Carolina from a traffic accident.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/bob/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Bob 21-26 July 1985 Miles B. Lawrence August 8, 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 2 July 29, 2013 The storm produced three tornadoes in Virginia, one of which destroyed two homes and another damaged ten homes.http://vaemergency.com/newsroom/history/hurricane.cfm Virginia's Weather History Virginia Department of Emergency Management July 29, 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20101226110043/http://vaemergency.com/newsroom/history/hurricane.cfm December 26, 2010 Gusty winds and heavy rainfall also knocked over gateways, tents, and portable toilets at the 1985 Boy Scouts of America National Scout Jamboree at Fort A. P. Hill, injuring several scouts.Associated Press July 26, 1985 Remnants of Hurricane Bob drops heavy rains on Northeast Syracuse Herald-Journal Four people died in Washington, D.C. and Maryland from traffic accidents caused by slick roads.Storm, Fierce Winds Lash Area The Washington Post Martin Weil July 26, 1985 C1http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/roth/valate20hur.htm Late Twentieth Century David M. Roth July 16, 2001 Weather Prediction Center July 29, 2013 College Park, Maryland Overall, Bob caused about $20 million in damage and 5 fatalities.Karl E. Cocke Department of the Army Historical Summary: Fiscal Year 1985 Marilee S. Morgan Center of Military History, United States Army Washington, D.C. 1995 81 Chapter 8. Civil Works 0092-7880 http://www.history.army.mil/books/DAHSUM/1985/ch08.htm July 29, 2013 October 11, 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20121011224940/http://www.history.army.mil/books/DAHSUM/1985/ch08.htm dead Hurricane Claudette Atl Claudette 1985-08-15 1400Z.png Claudette 1985 track.png August 9 August 16 75 980 A trough and an associated low-level circulation were observed over the Gulf Coast of the United States on August 7. The system moved eastward and entered the Atlantic Ocean, where it transitioned into a low-pressure area offshore Georgia on August 9. Around that time, the system developed into a subtropical depression. It strengthened and slowly acquired tropical characteristics while moving east-northeastward. Early on August 11, the depression was reclassified as Tropical Storm Claudette. As the storm passed north of Bermuda late on August 12, minor effects were reported, with sustained winds reaching 28 mph km/h on and rainfall up to 0.61 in mm on. Continuing eastward, Claudette attained hurricane status early on August 14. At 1200 UTC on August 15, Claudette peaked with winds of 85 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum barometric pressure of 980 mbar inHg on. However, colder sea surface temperatures caused Claudette to weaken to a tropical storm early on August 16. The storm turned northeast and struck Corvo Island in the Azores later that day. At Lajes das Flores on Flores Island, sustained winds reached 29 mph km/h on, with gusts up to 52 mph km/h on. Furthermore, higher elevations on the island of Flores reported winds as strong as 76 mph km/h on. At 0000 UTC on August 17, the storm transitioned into an extratropical cyclone, while located north-northeast of the Azores.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/claudett/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report – Hurricane Claudette 9-17 August 1985 Harold B. Gerrish September 29, 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 Hurricane Danny Atl Danny 1985-08-15 1630Z.png Danny 1985 track.png August 12 August 18 80 988 Hurricane Danny (1985) A tropical wave developed into Tropical Depression Four on August 12, while located near Grand Cayman. The depression moved northwestward and initially remained weak. Early on August 13, it brushed Cape San Antonio, Cuba before emerging the Gulf of Mexico later that day.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/danny/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Danny 12-20 August 1985 Robert C. Sheets September 18, 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 The system then intensified into Tropical Storm Danny on August 14. Danny deepened further and became a hurricane early on the following day, while beginning to re-curve north-northwestward. At 1620 UTC on August 16, Danny attained its peak intensity with winds of 90 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum barometric pressure of 988 mbar inHg on. Only 10 minutes later, the storm made landfall near Grand Chenier, Louisiana at the same intensity. Early on August 17, Danny weakened to a tropical storm and was downgraded to a tropical depression several hours later. It moved east-northeastward across the Southeastern United States, until dissipating over southeastern Virginia on August 18.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/danny/prelim04.gif Preliminary Best Track – Hurricane Danny 12-20 August 1985 Robert C. Sheets September 18, 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 4 July 29, 2013 There was widespread coastal and inland flooding in Louisiana.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/danny/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Danny 12-20 August 1985 Robert C. Sheets September 18, 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 2 July 29, 2013 The storm brought up to 8.91 in mm of precipitation to Kentwood. Additionally, there were two tornadoes reported in the state. Overall, 33 single-family homes and 26 mobile homes were destroyed, while 3 condos, 908 single-family houses and 265 mobile homes were damaged. A combination of rainfall and storm surge in southern Mississippi caused severe beach erosion and flooded 70 homes in Hancock County alone. Further north, a tornado in Enterprise severely damaged 6 homes, 3 barns, and 2 roofs; it also destroyed 1 house.https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-B6A66994-BFE4-4B5F-9F4C-29B5F939DED9.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: August 1985 National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 27 February 24, 2021 Asheville, North Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20210224062517/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-B6A66994-BFE4-4B5F-9F4C-29B5F939DED9.pdf February 24, 2021 In Alabama, the storm spawned 34 tornadoes, which destroyed 27 single-family residences and 18 mobile homes. About 90 homes, 8 mobile homes, and 23 businesses suffered damage. Impact was similar but less severe in several other states, including Georgia, Maryland, South Carolina, Virginia, and Texas. Danny caused 5 fatalities and about $100 million in damage.Carolinas feel remnants of Hurricane Danny https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QxtVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bT0NAAAAIBAJ&pg=2916,6946852&dq=hurricane+danny&hl=en The Robesonian July 29, 2013 August 15, 1985 Hurricane Elena Atl Elena 1985-09-01 2100Z.png Elena 1985 track.png August 28 September 4 110 953 Hurricane Elena A tropical wave developed into Tropical Depression Five on August 28, while located near the eastern tip of Cuba. The depression then moved ashore on the island. Despite the mountainous terrain of Cuba, the depression strengthened while tracking west-northwestward across the island. Later on August 28, it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Elena.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/elena/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report – Hurricane Elena 28 August - 4 September 1985 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 The storm emerged into the Gulf of Mexico near Havana early on the following day. Elena reached hurricane status later on August 29. After becoming a Category 2 hurricane, the storm veered east-northeastward and missed the central portions of the Gulf Coast of the United States. Elena drifted erratically and posed a threat to Central Florida. However, by early on September 1, the storm re-curved to the west-northwest. It continued to intensify and early on the following day, Elena peaked with maximum sustained winds of 125 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum barometric pressure of 953 mbar inHg on. At 1300 UTC on September 2, Elena made landfall near Biloxi, Mississippi at a slightly weaker intensity. The storm rapidly weakened inland, falling to tropical storm status only 5 hours later. It meandered across the Southern United States, until dissipating over Missouri on September 4.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/elena/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report – Hurricane Elena 28 August - 4 September 1985 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 2 July 29, 2013 About 1 million fled the coast as Elena approached, with some people undergoing two emergency evacuations due to the erratic path of the storm.Barnes, p. 252 Although Elena remained offshore of Florida, it generated large waves along the west coast of Florida. Severe damage occurred to the oyster crop,Jon Nordheimer October 6, 1985 The Lakeland Ledger Hurricane Elena leaves Apalachicola Bay oyster industry devastated Associated Press April 6, 2013 https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1346&dat=19851006&id=hLkwAAAAIBAJ&sjid=YPsDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6718,1796586 Apalachicola, FloridaMark E. Berrigan Management of Oyster Resources in Apalachicola Bay Following Hurricane Elena March 1987 281–288 7 2 Journal of Shellfish Research April 6, 2013 http://www.floridaaquaculture.com/publications/1988_Management_of_oyster_resources_in_Apalachicola_Bay_following_Hurricane_Elena.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20210820161743/http://www.floridaaquaculture.com/publications/1988_Management_of_oyster_resources_in_Apalachicola_Bay_following_Hurricane_Elena.pdf dead 2021-08-20 Tallahassee, Florida and 40 ft m on of sand was washed away along portions of the Florida Panhandle.Richard A. Davis Jr. and Albert C. Hine Quaternary Geology and Sediment of the Barrier Island and Marshy Coast, West-Central Florida, U.S.A. 1989 American Geophysical Union 0-87590-576-5 https://books.google.com/books?id=TIsUAAAACAAJ Washington, D.C. 13 Elena also dropped heavy rain in the Big Bend area, where precipitation peaked at 15.67 in mm on in Cross City. Tornadoes in the Tampa Bay area also caused some damage, mostly to mobile home parks.Sparks, p. 17Wesley Loy Lake County Residents Try To Salvage What Twister Smashed September 2, 1985 The Orlando Sentinel March 18, 2013 https://www.orlandosentinel.com/1985/09/02/lake-county-residents-try-to-salvage-what-twister-smashed/ Leesburg, Florida July 1, 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140701152542/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1985-09-02/news/0320400093_1_pemble-tornado-fernery liveDan Powell September 1, 1985 Tornado Rips Through Homes: Tropicana Feels Wrath Of Hurricane The Ocala Sun-Star March 18, 2013 https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1356&dat=19850901&id=qQYkAAAAIBAJ&sjid=YgYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4449,8567 Despite landfall in Mississippi as a Category 3 hurricane, sustained winds in the state only reached 91 mph km/h on, recorded in Harrison County, Ocean Springs, and Pascagoula.United Press International September 3, 1985 Tornadoes hit Mississippi shelters St. Petersburg Times July 30, 2013 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=NfwyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=EmYDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5602,2744648&dq=hurricane-elena+mississippi+wind&hl=en Gulfport, MississippiBarry Bearak and J. Michael Kennedy September 3, 1985 The Los Angeles Times Storm Rips Into Coastal Mississippi: Damage Is Massive in 35-Mile Strip; Injuries Are Minor April 3, 2013 https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-09-03-mn-24239-story.html Biloxi, Mississippi Severe wind damage occurred particularly in Pass Christian, where at least 75% of homes suffered losses. Throughout the Gulf Coast region, 294 single family homes were destroyed, while 17,189 were damaged to varying degrees. About 541 mobile homes were destroyed and an additional 2,642 suffered damage. The destruction of 239 apartments and condominiums, as well as impact to 1,909 other units were reported. Elena caused $1.3 billion in damage.National Climatic Data Center Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters: Events National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration September 27, 2021 https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/events College Park, Maryland In addition, there were nine total fatalities, including two in Texas from storm-induced rip currents; this was considered a low number, most likely the result of the massive evacuations prior to landfall.Jay Barnes Florida's Hurricane History 2007 Chapel Hill Press 978-0-8078-3068-0 https://books.google.com/books?id=dMx5bkZKxioC 254–255Associated Press Elena roars ashore September 2, 1985 The Spokane Chronicle March 18, 2013 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=I7cSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=pPkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6168,7256&dq=hurricane+elena+daytona+beach+death&hl=enStorer Rowley and Michael Hirsley September 3, 1985 The Chicago Tribune March 20, 2013 https://www.chicagotribune.com/1985/09/03/hurricane-thrashes-gulf-states/ Hurricane Thrashes Gulf StatesAssociated Press Remnants of Hurricane Elena Cause West Kentucky Flooding September 6, 1985 The Harlan Daily Enterprise March 17, 2013 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=UFdBAAAAIBAJ&sjid=6agMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4479,237462&hl=enUnited Press International September 3, 1985 The Telegraph April 4, 2013 Casualties light amid Elena damage https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JxhRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=xt8MAAAAIBAJ&pg=3023,239481&dq=hurricane+elena+mississippi+tornadoes&hl=en Tropical Storm Fabian Atl Fabian 1985-09-17 1200Z.png Fabian 1985 track.png September 15 September 19 55 992 The remnants of Tropical Depression Six drifted northeastward and crossed Hispaniola on September 15. Later that day, the remnants of the depression emerged into the Atlantic Ocean. It combined with the remnants of a frontal system and quickly developed into a surface low. At 1800 UTC on September 15, Tropical Depression Seven formed about 150 mi km on north-northeast of Cockburn Town, Turks and Caicos Islands. The depression was steered northeastward by a frontal trough, which was extending northeastward into the Atlantic. It is estimated that the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Fabian at 1800 UTC on September 16, which was when a reconnaissance aircraft reported an atmospheric pressure of 1004 mbar inHg on. At 0700 UTC on September 17, the depression was operationally upgraded to a tropical storm. Fabian strengthened further and at 0945 UTC on that day, the storm attained its peak intensity with winds of 65 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum atmospheric pressure of 992 mbar inHg on. A low-pressure area began developing along the frontal trough, causing the storm to accelerate eastward. The ship Vant recorded winds as high as 80 mph km/h on 5 while passing between Fabian and the developing low pressure system on September 17 and September 18. At around 1800 UTC on September 19, Fabian was absorbed by the low-pressure area about 405 mi km southeast of Flores Island, Azores. Hurricane Gloria Atl Gloria 1985-09-24 2130Z.png Gloria 1985 track.png September 16 September 27 125 920 Hurricane Gloria A tropical wave developed into Tropical Depression Eight on September 16, while located near Cape Verde.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/gloria/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Gloria 16-27 September 1985 November 3, 1985 Miles B. Lawrence National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 The depression strengthened while passing south of the islands and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Gloria on September 17. During the next 24 hours, Gloria did not intensify further and instead weakened back to a tropical depression late on September 18. However, by 0000 UTC on September 20, it re-strengthened into a tropical storm. Slow deepening occurred as the storm approached the Lesser Antilles. Late on September 21, Gloria was upgraded to a Category 1 hurricane. The storm re-curved west-northwestward by the following day. Gloria then underwent rapid intensification, starting at 1800 UTC on September 23. The storm became a Category 4 hurricane by early on September 25.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/gloria/prelim04.gif Table 1. Preliminary best track: Hurricane Gloria 16-27 September 1985 November 3, 1985 Miles B. Lawrence National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 4 July 29, 2013 At 0120 UTC on September 25, Gloria attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 145 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum barometric pressure of 919 mbar inHg on. However, later that day, the storm quickly weakened to a Category 2 hurricane. Although Gloria weakened to a Category 1 hurricane on September 26, it soon re-strengthened into a Category 2 hurricane while re-curving north-northeastward. Early on September 27, Gloria made landfall on Hatteras Island, North Carolina with winds of 105 mph km/h on 5. After re-emerging into the Atlantic Ocean, Gloria weakened back to a Category 1 hurricane later on September 27. At 1600 UTC on that day, the hurricane made another landfall on Long Island, New York with winds of 85 mph km/h on 5. Gloria continued to weaken while moving inland and became extratropical over Maine at 0000 UTC on September 28.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/gloria/prelim05.gif Table 1. (continued) Preliminary best track: Hurricane Gloria 16-27 September 1985 November 3, 1985 Miles B. Lawrence National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 5 July 29, 2013 The storm brought strong winds to eastern North Carolina, with sustained winds up to 98 mph km/h on and gusts as high as 120 mph km/h on. Wind damage to trees and structures were reported as far as 30 mi km on inland. One man was killed after a tree fell on his mobile home near Havelock.https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-6DF30542-BAFA-4274-9CAE-785EA12381D7.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: September 1985 National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 30, 37–38, 41 February 24, 2021 Asheville, North Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20210224062809/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-6DF30542-BAFA-4274-9CAE-785EA12381D7.pdf February 24, 2021 Storm surge amounts ranging from 4 to 8 ft m also caused flood damage to numerous homes along the Outer Banks.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/gloria/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Gloria 16-27 September 1985 November 3, 1985 Miles B. Lawrence National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 3 July 29, 2013 In New York, wind gusts up to 100 mph km/h on 5 on Long Island damaged or destroyed hundreds of homes and businesses. Hundreds of aircraft sustained damage. Thousands of trees were knocked over, which struck power lines, leaving about 1.5 million people – roughly two-thirds of Long Island – without electricity. Storm tides also caused severe beach erosion, flooded hundreds of streets, and damaged or destroyed hundreds of boats. In Connecticut, thousands of trees downed by strong winds struck power lines, leaving up to 727,000 people without electricity. Along the coast, hundreds of small crafts and pleasure crafts were torn from their moorings. Additionally, a number of houses were inflicted flood damage from storm tides. Similar impact was reported in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Overall, Gloria caused 14 deaths and about $900 million in damage. Tropical Storm Henri Atl Henri 1985-09-23 1201Z.jpg Henri 1985 track.png September 21 September 25 50 996 A trough of low pressure located near dissipating Tropical Storm Fabian developed a circulation on September 18 and then began to drift northward.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/henri/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Henri 21-25 September 1985 October 16, 1985 Harold B. Gerrish National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 By 1800 UTC on September 21, the system became Tropical Depression Nine, while located about 415 mi km east of Palm Coast, Florida. However, the advisories were not operationally initiated until 0230 UTC on September 22, after a reconnaissance confirmed a low-level circulation. The depression strengthened and became Tropical Storm Henri early on September 23. Shortly thereafter, Henri attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 60 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum atmospheric pressure of 996 mbar inHg on.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/henri/prelim05.gif Preliminary Best Track...Tropical Storm Henri 21-25 September 1985 October 16, 1985 Harold B. Gerrish National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 5 July 29, 2013 After reaching peak intensity, wind shear began to steadily weaken the storm as it tracked north or north-northeastward. At 2100 UTC on September 24, Henri made landfall on the eastern tip of Long Island with winds of 40 mph km/h on 5. While weakening to a tropical depression, the storm made its second landfall near the Connecticut and Rhode Island border around 0000 UTC on September 25. Six hours later, Henri was absorbed by frontal zone centered over New England. Rainfall was widespread, but light, as minimal deep convection was retained as Henri was affecting land. Only one location in both Massachusetts and North Carolina reported precipitation in excess of 3 in mm. As a result, no significant damage was reported.http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/henri1985.html Tropical Storm Henri - September 22-25, 1985 David M. Roth June 17, 2007 Hydrometeorological Prediction Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration July 29, 2013 College Park, Maryland Tropical Storm Isabel Atl Isabel 1985-10-08 1930Z.png Isabel 1985 track.png October 7 October 15 60 997 1985 Puerto Rico floods A tropical wave exited Africa on September 29. It entered the Caribbean on October 5 and produced torrential rainfall across Puerto Rico; the floods killed 180 people, mostly from a mudslide in Ponce.https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-FFD73DD3-85D6-4BE0-A322-5A189D836363.pdff Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: October 1985 National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 30 July 29, 2013 Asheville, North Carolina PDF https://web.archive.org/web/20210225053658/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-FFD73DD3-85D6-4BE0-A322-5A189D836363.pdf February 25, 2021 On October 7, the wave spawned a tropical depression north of Hispaniola. Located on the western edge of a mid-Atlantic high pressure system, the storm moved northward and intensified into Tropical Storm Isabel, although initial development was hampered by interaction with Hispaniola. After moving through the southeastern Bahamas, Isabel quickly intensified and attained peak winds of 70 mph km/h on late on October 8. An approaching cold front caused the storm to weaken and a ridge behind the front caused Isabel to curve westward. In addition, strong southwesterly flow gradually decreased convection around the center. Isabel made landfall near Fernandina Beach, Florida as a 40 mph km/h on 5 tropical storm late on October 10.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/isabel/prelim03.gif Preliminary Best Track: Tropical Storm Isabel 7 to 15 October 1985 November 5, 1985 Robert C. Sheets National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 3 July 29, 2013 It quickly weakened to a tropical depression, and the circulation turned to the north and east once inland. Late on October 11, Isabel emerged from the coast near Brunswick, Georgia and subsequently drifted to the northeast. The circulation was absorbed by a cold front while located east of the Outer Banks of North Carolina on October 15.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/isabel/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report: Tropical Storm Isabel 7 to 15 October 1985 November 5, 1985 Robert C. Sheets National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 When Isabel made landfall on northeastern Florida, the storm dropped light rains across the Southeastern United States, peaking at 3.38 in mm on in southeastern North Carolina. Additionally, minimal precipitation fell in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina.David M. Roth June 21, 2007 Tropical Storm Isabel - October 4-16, 1985 Weather Prediction Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration July 29, 2013 http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/isabel1985.html College Park, Maryland Hurricane Juan Atl Juan 1985-10-28 2030Z.png Juan 1985 track.png October 26 November 1 75 971 Hurricane Juan (1985) An upper-level low pressure in the Gulf of Mexico developed into a tropical depression on October 26.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/kate/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Juan 26 October-1 November 1985 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 By later that day, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Juan. Juan re-curved several times, but eventually moved north-northwest on October 27. The storm strengthened and by early on October 28, it became a hurricane. Later that day, sustained winds peaked at 85 mph km/h on 5. Between October 28 and October 29, the storm executed a cyclonic loop just offshore Louisiana. Shortly before 1200 UTC on that day, Juan made landfall near Morgan City, Louisiana as a minimal hurricane. It quickly weakened back to a tropical storm. The storm began to execute another cyclonic loop, reaching the Lafayette area before curving back out to the Gulf of Mexico on October 30. The storm briefly remained offshore, before a second landfall on the Mississippi River Delta in Louisiana early on October 31. Juan re-emerged into the Gulf of Mexico, before yet another landfall near Gulf Shores, Alabama. The storm weakened inland and became extratropical over Tennessee on November 1. Juan produced large waves at oil rigs in the Gulf of Mexico, causing several damaged platforms, vessels, and killed nine people. The erratic motion of the storm offshore and inland over Louisiana resulted in heavy rainfall, peaking at 17.78 in mm in Galliano. Significant flood ensued, damaging 5,000 homes and 100 businesses. In Jefferson Parish alone, heavy rainfall and storm surge combined flooded at least 2,233 homes, 3,100 cars, and 100 businesses. In southern Mississippi, rainfall exceeding 10 in mm in some areas inundated 342-352 homes and 6 businesses. The remnants of Juan also produced extensive flooding in the Appalachia region of the United States. Flood levels along rivers such as the James, Potomac, and Roanoke Rivers in Virginia rivaled that of Hurricane Camille in 1969 and Hurricane Agnes in 1972. In the state of Virginia alone, damaged exceeded $800 million. West Virginia was also significantly impacted. Many streams and rivers rose to 100-500 year flood levels, with some cresting at record heights. As a result, whole towns, roads, and bridges were swept away. Nearly 9,000 homes were damaged, 4,000 of which were destroyed. Losses reached $577 million. Overall, Juan caused $1.5 billion in damage and 12 fatalities,http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/juan/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Juan 26 October-1 November 1985 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 3 July 29, 2013 including 1 in Texas, 2 in Louisiana, and 9 offshore.https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4213/report.pdf Floods in West Virginia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, November 1985 D. H. Carpenter 1990 United States Geological Survey United States Department of the Interior 37 July 30, 2013 Towson, Maryland Hurricane Kate Atl Kate 1985-11-20 1400Z.png Kate 1985 track.png November 15 November 23 105 953 Hurricane Kate (1985) The interaction of an upper-level trough and a tropical wave spawned Tropical Storm Kate at 1800 UTC on November 15, while located northeast of Puerto Rico. Kate strengthened while moving westward and was upgraded to a hurricane about 24 hours later.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/kate/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Kate 15-23 November 1985 December 10, 1985 Robert A. Case National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 Early on November 19, the storm made landfall in Ciego de Ávila Province, Cuba with winds of 110 mph km/h on 5. It curved west-northwestward and weakened to a Category 1 hurricane before emerging into the Gulf of Mexico late on November 19. Kate turned northwestward and strengthened, peaking as a 120 mph km/h on 5 Category 3 hurricane on November 20.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/kate/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Kate 15-23 November 1985 December 10, 1985 Robert A. Case National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 2 July 29, 2013 However, it weakened to a Category 2 hurricane on November 21, several hours before making landfall near Mexico Beach, Florida. The storm quickly weakened inland and was downgraded to a tropical storm on the following day. It crossed the Southeastern United States and emerged into the Atlantic Ocean near Cape Fear, North Carolina on November 23. Kate re-curved east-southeastward, before becoming extratropical while located about halfway between the Outer Banks and Bermuda.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/kate/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report: Hurricane Kate 15-23 November 1985 December 10, 1985 Robert A. Case National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 3 July 29, 2013 In Jamaica, heavy rains brought flooding to five provinces, with repairs to transportation costing $3 million. Additionally, there were seven deaths on the island. In Cuba, strong winds damaged sugar mills and much of the sugar cane crop.Ralph Clark Hurricane Kate November 15-23, 1985 Florida Department of Natural Resources September 1986 2012-05-15 http://bcs.dep.state.fl.us/reports/kate/kate1.pdf Tallahassee, Florida dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150927160108/http://bcs.dep.state.fl.us/reports/kate/kate1.pdf 2015-09-27 An estimated 3,653 mi2 (9461 km2) of sugar cane and 34,000 tonnes of sugar were ruined. The storm also destroyed 141,000 tonnes of bananas and 87,078 tonnes of other fruits and vegetables. Kate damaged 88,207 houses and destroyed 4,382 others.ReliefWeb UNDRO Situation Report No. 3 December 19, 1985 July 31, 2013 United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs http://reliefweb.int/node/34928 Geneva, Switzerland There were 10 deaths and about 50 injuries. Damage was estimated at $400 million.Roger A. Pielke Jr. Jose Rubiera Christopher Landsea Mario L. Fernández Roberta Klein Hurricane Vulnerability in Latin America and The Caribbean: Normalized Damage and Loss Potentials National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Hazards Review August 2003 108 2012-05-25 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/NHR-Cuba.pdf Miami, Florida In the Florida Keys, strong winds downed trees and left power outages between Big Pine Key and Key West. Further north in the Florida Panhandle, strong winds also resulted in numerous power outages, including in Tallahassee, where 90% of the city was left without electricity.https://apnews.com/740df5322aedb2f817bd9f8153b33a72 Kate's Calling Card: Power Outages, Blocked Roads Mary Anne Rhyne November 22, 1985 Associated Press News July 31, 2013 Tallahassee, Florida About 242 buildings were severely damaged in the Florida Panhandle, most of them in Franklin County. Storm surge left about 150 homes uninhabitable in Wakulla County alone. Five deaths occurred in Florida and damage reached about $300 million. One death occurred in Georgia; a man in Thomasville was fatally struck by a falling tree. Heavy rains brought flooding the southern portions of the state, with damage totaling $101 million.http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-1E71DC04-368B-44AA-90C9-B7B6ACCA08BF.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: November 1985 National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 16–17, 22–23, 26–27 July 29, 2013 Asheville, North Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20210225054256/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-862D5738-D1CC-4D4A-AE9F-355B0DE434E5.pdf February 25, 2021 Other systems On September 8, a tropical depression developed about 230 mi km on north-northwest of São Vicente, Cape Verde. It tracked west-northwestward and intensified slightly, reaching winds of 35 mph km/h on 5. However, no further strengthening occurred, and 1200 UTC on September 13, it dissipated while located about 345 mi km on east-southeast of Bermuda. On September 11, Tropical Depression Six formed about 10 mi km north of Tobago. Shortly after developing, it made landfall near Tivoli, Grenada with winds of 30 mph km/h on 5. The depression remained weak, intensifying minimally and maintaining an ill-defined circulation as it tracked west-northwestward across the Caribbean Sea. Eventually, the depression began disorganizing, with convection stretching across Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, and the Leeward Islands on September 14, despite the center being located south of Jamaica. Later that day, a reconnaissance aircraft did not indicate a circulation; thus, the depression dissipated while located about 195 mi km on 5 south of Kingston, Jamaica on September 14. After dissipating, the depression later redeveloped into Tropical Storm Fabian.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/fabian/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report – Tropical Storm Fabian 15-19 September 1985 1985 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami, Florida 1 July 29, 2013 thumb|upright=.45|Tropical Depression Thirteen on December 7 Tropical Depression ThirteenOn December 7, one week after the official end of the season, Tropical Depression Thirteen developed in the southwestern Caribbean Sea. It headed west-southwestward toward Panama with little change in strength. At 1800 UTC on December 9, the depression dissipated about 50 mi km on northwest of Colón, Panama. Storm names The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Atlantic in 1985.https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/HOPs-1985.PDF 37 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan May 1985 January 17, 2024https://www.newspapers.com/clip/71927434/the-palm-beach-post/ Hurricane-force Warning Issued For '85 May 30, 1985 Associated Press The Palm Beach Post A1 February 24, 2021 Newspapers.com This is the same list used for the 1979 season except for Danny and Fabian,https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/HOPs-1979.pdf 9 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan May 1979 January 17, 2024https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=YQtWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=AOIDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6709,8807071&dq=ana+bob+claudette&hl=en This Season, it's Bob, Juan, and Larry May 27, 1979 Associated Press Eugene Register-Guard July 27, 2013 Eugene, Oregon which replaced David and Frederic.Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames_history.shtml National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida January 17, 2024 Both new names were used for the first time in 1985, as were Isabel, Juan, and Kate. Ana Bob Claudette Danny Elena Fabian Gloria Henri Isabel Juan Kate Larry Mindy Nicholas Odette Peter Rose Sam Teresa Victor Wanda Retirement List of retired Atlantic hurricane names The World Meteorological Organization retired Elena and Gloria from the naming rotation in the spring of 1986 on account of their destructiveness. They were replaced by Erika and Grace for the 1991 season.https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/1991.pdf 36 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan April 1991 January 17, 2024Portsmouth Daily Times Associated Press Ana, Bob, Claudette first hurricane names July 27, 2013 June 2, 1991 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=o0RGAAAAIBAJ&sjid=P9EMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5296,3651079&dq=ana+bob+claudette&hl=en Portsmouth, Ohio Season effects This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 1985 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensities, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 1985 USD. center 1985 North Atlantic tropical cyclone storm Ana July 15 – 19 70 (110) 996 Nova Scotia, Newfoundland None None cat1 Bob July 21 – 26 75 (120) 1002 Southeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic states, New England $20 million 0 (5) cat1 Claudette August 9 – 16 85 (140) 980 Bermuda, Azores None None cat1 Danny August 12 – 18 90 (150) 987 Southern United States $100 million 2 (3) cat3 Elena August 28 – September 4 125 (205) 953 Greater Antilles, Southern United States $1.3 billion 9 depression Unnumbered September 8 – 13 35 (55) N/A None None None depression Six September 11 – 13 35 (55) N/A None None None storm Fabian September 15 – 19 65 (100) 992 None None None cat4 Gloria September 16–27 145 (230) 919 East Coast of the United States, Eastern Canada $900 million 14 storm Henri September 21 – 25 60 (90) 997 Mid-Atlantic, New England None None storm Isabel October 7 – 15 70 (110) 997 Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Southeastern United States None None cat1 Juan October 26 – November 1 85 (140) 971 Southern United States, Midwestern United States, Mid-Atlantic $1.5 billion 12 cat3 Kate November 15–23 120 (195) 953 Greater Antilles, Southeastern United States $700 million 15 depression Thirteen December 7 – 9 35 (55) N/A None None None 14 July 15 – December 9 145 (230) 919 $4.52 billion 52 (8) See also Tropical cyclones Weather of 1985 1985 Pacific hurricane season 1985 Pacific typhoon season 1985 North Indian Ocean cyclone season South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1984–85, 1985–86 Australian region cyclone seasons: 1984–85, 1985–86 South Pacific cyclone seasons: 1984–85, 1985–86 South Atlantic tropical cyclone Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone References 2 External links Monthly Weather Review U.S. Rainfall information for tropical cyclones from 1985 1980 Atlantic hurricane 1985 Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines 1985 ATL