2009 Dusky Sound earthquake

Earthquake in New Zealand October 2024 March 2024 2009 Dusky Sound earthquake 2009-07-15 09:22:29 usp000gz8j 15157724 15 July 2009 21:22 NZST (UTC+13) 2009_New_Zealand_earthquake.jpg New Zealand 7.8 w y 12 km mi 0 on en-UK 45.762 S 166.562 E inline,title New Zealand 230 cm on 6 None >1,000 Reverse fault USGS United States Geological Survey ShakeMap A w y 7.8 earthquake struck a remote region of Fiordland, New Zealand, on 15 July 2009 at 21:22 local time (09:22 UTC). It had an initially–reported depth of 12 km mi on, and an epicentre near Dusky Sound in Fiordland National Park, which is 160 km mi on north-west of Invercargill.M 7.8 – 97 km WSW of Te Anau, New Zealand 2009 usp000gz8j15 July 2009 New Zealand Earthquake Report – Jul 15 2009 at 9:22 pm (NZST) http://www.geonet.org.nz/earthquake/quakes/3124785g.html dead https://web.archive.org/web/20090718033903/http://geonet.org.nz/earthquake/quakes/3124785g.html 18 July 2009 16 July 2009 GeoNet It was the country's largest earthquake magnitude since the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake, but caused only minor damage and there were no casualties. A tsunami accompanied the event and had a maximum measured run-up of 230 cm. Earthquake New Zealand's Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences (GNS Science) initially measured the earthquake at l y 6.6. The United States Geological Survey's preliminary measurement was w 8.0 before it was revised to 7.8.24 It was New Zealand's biggest earthquake magnitude since the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake,16 July 2009 Fiordland quake biggest for 80 years http://www.geonet.org.nz/news/article-jul-16-2009-fiordland-quake-biggest-for-80-years.html dead https://web.archive.org/web/20090718033822/http://www.geonet.org.nz/news/article-jul-16-2009-fiordland-quake-biggest-for-80-years.html 18 July 2009 21 July 2009 GeoNet18 July 2018 Nine years ago: NZ's forgotten magnitude 7.8 monster quake struck Fiordland https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/nine-years-ago-nzs-forgotten-magnitude-78-monster-quake-struck-fiordland/E6HDU4UUBRDSKIXOZ7Y5HROE3I/ 20 May 2024 The New Zealand Herald and equal in magnitude to the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake.media release M7.8 Kaikoura quake the biggest since the Dusky Sound jolt in 2009 https://www.gns.cri.nz/news/m7-8-kaikoura-quake-the-biggest-since-the-dusky-sound-jolt-in-2009/ 15 November 2016 1 June 2024 GNS ScienceM 7.8 – 53 km NNE of Amberley, New Zealand 2016 usp000gz8j The 2009 earthquake occurred after a sequence of seismic events in northern Fiordland since 1988—six earthquakes above magnitude 6.0 struck the region prior to 2009,Mahesh P. Kundu Bhaskar Catherine J. K. Gahalaut V. K. 1 January 2011 Anatomy of the 2009 Fiordland earthquake (Mw 7.8), South Island, New Zealand Geoscience Frontiers 2 1 17–22 10.1016/j.gsf.2010.12.002 1674-9871 free including a magnitude 7.2 earthquake in 2003.M 7.2 – 56 km NW of Te Anau, New Zealand 2003 usp000c5h6 The hypocentre was near Resolution Island in Dusky Sound, Fiordland, at a depth that was initially reported as 12 km mi on.GeoNet M7.8 Dusky Sound Wed, Jul 15 2009 https://www.geonet.org.nz/earthquake/story/3124785 20 May 2024 GeoNetGorman P. 17 August 2009 'Soft rocks' prevented earthquake damage https://www.stuff.co.nz/science/2601429/Soft-rocks-prevented-earthquake-damage 21 May 2024 Stuff New Zealand The earthquake was the result of shallow reverse faulting at the subduction zone of the Indo-Australian plate and Pacific plate. At this location, the Indo-Australian plate subducts obliquely beneath the Pacific plate along the Puysegur Trench at a rate of 34 mm per year. The oblique interaction is also accommodated by strike-slip deformation along the Alpine Fault.24 An early model of the rupture calculated that it initiated at a depth of 30 km mi on and propagated southwards and upwards before it ceased just 15 km mi on beneath the surface. Subsequent analysis showed that the rupture started at 38 km mi on depth and ended at 8 km mi on.24 The rupture occurred within a 36 × 44 km region on the subduction zone. Maximum displacement was estimated at 8.9 m about 23 km beneath the surface, occurring about 16 seconds after the earthquake began. As the rupture mainly propagated away from the mainland, the measured shaking intensity was less than what would normally be expected given the earthquake's magnitude and shallow depth.26 The earthquake's epicentre was in a remote region where few seismic stations were installed, and as a result, limited recordings of strong ground motion were made.29journal 50 (EQC 16/723) Postseismic deformation following the 2009 Mw7.8 Dusky Sound earthquake https://www.eqc.govt.nz/resilience-and-research/research/search-all-research-reports/postseismic-deformation-following-the-2009-mw7-8-dusky-sound-earthquake-2/ 5 June 2024 EQC Toka Tū Ake I. J. Hamling S. Hreinsdóttir Shaking reportedly lasted for at least a minute,15 July 2009 Tsunami alert after NZ earthquake https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/8151530.stm 15 July 2009 BBC News and was felt throughout the South Island and in the lower North Island as far away as New Plymouth.NZPA, Fairfax 15 July 2009 Fiordland quake measures 7.8 http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/2597897/Fiordland-quake-measures-7-8 15 July 2009 Stuff New Zealand GNS Science described the ground motion as relatively slow with a "lower frequency shaking" as opposed to abrupt, "rolling" motion from higher frequency shaking. The ground motion characteristic resulted in relatively few landslides.Cowlishaw S. 31 July 2009 Quake claims rise to almost $3 million https://www.stuff.co.nz/southland-times/2669329/Quake-claims-rise-to-almost-3-million 20 May 2024 Southland Times Stuff New Zealand Thousands of aftershocks occurred, with most being too small to be felt.28 July 2009 Aftershocks from large quake continue in Fiordland https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/14730/aftershocks-from-large-quake-continue-in-fiordland 21 May 2024 Radio New Zealand One of the larger aftershocks measured magnitude 6.1, and occurred 19 minutes after the mainshock.17 July 2009 Aftershocks hit Fiordland after quake https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/aftershocks-hit-fiordland-after-quake 21 May 2024 Otago Daily TimesMagnitude 6.1, Wed Jul 15 2009 9:41 PM https://www.geonet.org.nz/earthquake/3308618 5 June 2024 GeoNet Most of them were distributed at the two edges of the rupture. These aftershocks had focal mechanisms indicating reverse and strike-slip faulting. Effects thumb|NASA map showing epicentre of earthquake and its aftershocks There was only minor damage and no human casualties. A few buildings in Invercargill experienced minor damage,25 June 2024 Canterbury earthquake facts and figures – New Zealand Parliament https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/research-papers/document/00PLEcoRP10071/canterbury-earthquake-facts-and-figures 2 June 2024 parliament.nz and power outages occurred in several parts of the South Island.Dye, Stuart NZPA 15 July 2009 South Island quake prompts 'potential tsunami' warning http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10584718 The New Zealand Herald 15 July 2009http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/15/content_11713337.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20090717032206/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/15/content_11713337.htm dead 17 July 2009 Quake strikes off New Zealand's Southland 15 July 2009 Xinhua News Agency 15 July 2009 At least 241 landslides were recorded over an area of about 5,600 km2.37 By comparison, the number of landslides was half that recorded after the 2003 Fiordland earthquake.Fry B. Bannister S. Beavan J. Bland L. Bradley Brendon Cox S. Cousins J. Gale N. Hancox G. Holden C. Jongens R. Power W. Prasetya G. Reyners M. Ristau J. 2010 The Mw 7.6 Dusky Sound Earthquake of 2009: Preliminary Report Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 10.5459/bnzsee.43.1.24-40 10092/4559 free39 From 21:30, KiwiRail suspended rail services south of Oamaru and in Buller Gorge to check for damage. Services were operational again by midnight because no damage was found. Prime Minister John Key responded that people could "thank their lucky stars" due to the lack of damage. In 2018, The New Zealand Herald described the earthquake as a "forgotten monster", due to it being followed by much more destructive quakes, such as the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. By 2010, the Earthquake Commission paid out $6.1 million in earthquake compensation after receiving 5,219 claims.2010 Earthquake Commission 2009–2010 Annual Report https://www.eqc.govt.nz/assets/Publications-Resources/EQC-Annual-Report-2009-10.pdf 24 May 2024 EQC Toka Tū Ake 8–9 The low level of damage, despite the magnitude of the earthquake, was attributed to its remote location, slow moment release rate, low-frequency shaking, and New Zealand's building standards. Puysegur Point, on the southwestern tip of the island, moved westwards by 30 cm. Te Anau moved 10 cm, Bluff, 3 cm, and Dunedin, 1 cm.Ramnarayan A. 22 July 2009 Earthquake brings New Zealand closer to Australia https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jul/22/new-zealand-closer-australia-quake 20 May 2024 The Guardian 0261-3077 Around the epicentre, a large area was uplifted by approximately 1 m.18 July 2009 Ground raised one metre by quake http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/stories/2009/07/18/1245bc1e13d2 live https://web.archive.org/web/20090727154332/http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/stories/2009/07/18/1245bc1e13d2 27 July 2009 21 July 2009 Radio New Zealand The earthquake is also believed to have raised the Coulomb stress in the southern, offshore part of the Alpine Fault.P. Gormon 22 July 2009 Our Australian cousins just got closer http://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/2661208/Our-Australian-cousins-just-got-closer live https://web.archive.org/web/20090726094332/http://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/2661208/Our-Australian-cousins-just-got-closer 26 July 2009 21 July 2009 The Press Stuff New Zealand Tsunami Tsunami warnings were issued soon after the earthquake by authorities in New Zealand and Australia, as well as by the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii.https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE56E2P120090715 New Zealand quake sparks tsunami warnings 15 July 2009 Reuters 15 July 2009 G. Beckford Civil defence officials in Southland also issued a "potential tsunami" warning, stating their concerns about widely varying measurements of the earthquake. Reacting to the Pacific warnings, about 50 residents and tourists on Lord Howe Island were evacuated, and in Sydney a theatre in Bondi Beach was evacuated and residents were told to keep away from the shore.http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/fiordland-quake-causes-evacuation-in-sydney-2849163 Fiordland quake causes evacuation in Sydney Television New Zealand News 16 July 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20090718032020/http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/fiordland-quake-causes-evacuation-in-sydney-2849163 18 July 2009 live 21 July 2009 The tsunami warnings were subsequently cancelled or reduced. The tsunami reached a height of 1 m in Jackson Bay, 25 cm at Charleston, 12 cm at Dog Island, 14 cm at Port Kembla, and 6 cm at Spring Bay. A maximum run-up of 230 cm was recorded; however, the tsunami may have been higher in some areas that were not surveyed due to the remoteness of the affected region.Uslu B. Power W. Greenslade D. Eblé M. Titov V. The July 15, 2009 Fiordland, New Zealand Tsunami: Real-Time Assessment Pure and Applied Geophysics 2011 168 11 1963–1972 10.1007/s00024-011-0281-7 2011PApGe.168.1963U 140714530 See also List of earthquakes in 2009 List of earthquakes in New Zealand References Further reading Rogers A. The Shaky Isles: New Zealand Earthquakes 2 1996 2013 Grantham House Wellington 978-1-86934-119-0 185, 186 Wright Matthew Living on shaky ground: The science and story behind New Zealand's earthquakes 2014 Random House (New Zealand) Auckland 978-1-77553-688-8 174, 175 External links 15157724 expanded Dusky Sound earthquake Fiordland earthquake Category:Earthquakes in New Zealand Category:History of the Southland Region Category:2009 disasters in New Zealand Category:July 2009 in Oceania Category:Fiordland