1971 Bingöl earthquake

Earthquake in Turkey 1971 Bingöl earthquake Turkey 1971-05-22 16:44:02 784837 iscgem784837 1971 05 22 y 18:44:02 w 6.6–6.7 y,Utkucu Pinar Alptekin 2003 s 6.9 y 3-10 km on 38.93 40.65 region:TR_type:event inline,title East Anatolian Fault Left Lateral Strike-slipAmbraseys 1988 61 Bingöl, Turkey $US 5 million 9Ambraseys 1988 60 YesAmbraseys 1988 60 YesAmbraseys 1988 61 755–1,000 killed, 1,200-1500 injured The 1971 Bingöl earthquake was a w 6.6–6.7 y earthquake that occurred at 18:44:02 local time 16:44:02 UTC on 22 May. It had a surface-wave magnitude of 6.9 and a maximum intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, killing 755–1,000 people. Bingöl was largely destroyed, as well as many houses in the nearby Bingöl plain. Surface displacement of 38 km on and various other surficial effects were directly caused by the earthquake. Tectonic setting lang=en|thumb|Map of the Anatolian Plate, featuring the East Anatolian Fault. Most of Turkey lies on the Anatolian Plate. Movement of the plate is accommodated through four main faults: the Aegean extensional system (AES), the Cyprus Arc, the North Anatolian Fault (NAF), the East Anatolian Fault (EAF). The AES accommodates extensional forces between the Anatolian and Aegean Sea plates, and the Cyprus Arc accommodates convergence in the south between the African plate and the Anatolian Plate.Taymaz Yilmaz Dilek 2007 6 In the north, the NAF accommodates the faulting between the Eurasian plate and the Anatolian plate and has produced prolific earthquakes such as the 1939 Erzincan earthquake.Gürsoy Tatar Akpınar Polat 2013 259 In the east, the Arabian plate and the Eurasian plate grind past each other, forming the EAF, the fault responsible for this earthquake. The EAF is a left-lateral strike slip fault which extends for 700 km on and slips at a decreasing rate from east to west of 1-10 mm on per year.Güvercin Karabulut Konca Doğan 2022 1 Earthquake The earthquake struck near the city of Bingöl, Turkey at 18:44:02 local time. It was assigned a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX.Utkucu Pinar Alptekin 2003Ambraseys 1988 60 Various seismic observatories reported different focal depths but it is agreed to be very shallow. The estimates are between 3 km on and 10 km on. The focal mechanism showed left lateral strike-slip faulting, consistent with faulting along the East Anatolian Fault.Ambraseys 1988 61 Small foreshocks were strongly felt locally, and two magnitude 5.1 aftershocks were felt on the day of the mainshock.Ambraseys 1988 60 Aftershocks continued to be felt for a couple months after the mainshock.Ambraseys 1988 61 The mainshock ruptured along a 35 km on × 12 km on area of the East Anatolian Fault. A second rupture area measuring 20 km on × 12 km on was detected to the northeast. The two rupture areas produced maximum slips of 60 cm and 40 cm, respectively.Utkucu Pinar Alptekin 2003 Minimal vertical displacement of 5-10 cm on was also found in parts of the southwestern portion of the rupture.Ambraseys 1988 61 Surface faulting was visible from Ormanardı in the southwest to Çobantaşı in the northeast over a distance of 38 km on.Ambraseys 1988 60-61 Impact The earthquake killed at least 755 people and injured another 1,200–1500.Ellul D'Ayala Calayir 2004 Rubble masonry and reinforced concrete houses alike were severely damaged in the Bingöl plain.Ambraseys 1988 61 In Bingöl, 90 percent of buildings were destroyed, including the prison and hospital. Bridges crossing the Göynük and Murat rivers were closed to traffic due to damage caused by surficial effects of the earthquake.Ambraseys 1988 60 The total cost of damage was estimated at US$5 million. Sand boils formed at some ground cracks, and landslides and rockfalls were also observed.Aydan Ulusay Miyajima 2003 22 At least two people were killed in Palu, a town some 32.4 km west of Bingöl.600 Killed by Quake in Eastern Turkey https://www.nytimes.com/1971/05/23/archives/600-killed-by-quake-in-eastern-turkey-quake-kills-600-in-east.html 8 July 2024 The New York Times 23 May 1971 About half of the 800 reported deaths came from villages outside Bingöl. In response to the disaster, officials deployed a field hospital and 10 medical personnel from Elazig. In Erzurum, 1,500 tents were sent to the affected area. On 23 May, the governor of Elazig said the Eighth Army Corps mobilised doctors and a convoy to Bingöl. Officials brought mobile kitchens, tents, food and water. The Turkish Red Crescent said it received offer for assistance from the League of Red Cross Societies and Iran to which they said was not needed. Prime minister Nihat Erim, who visited Bingöl with the health, construction and interior ministers, said most people in the area lived in sun-dried brick homes, incapable of withstanding earthquakes. See also List of earthquakes in 1971 List of earthquakes in Turkey References ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2013) http://www.isc.ac.uk/iscgem/index.php ISC 2017 International Seismological Centre Version 4.0 Significant Earthquake Database https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/6800 National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) 1972 National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA 10.7289/V5TD9V7K Earthquake Toll Now 800 in Ravaged Turkish Area https://www.nytimes.com/1971/05/24/archives/earthquake-toll-now-800-in-ravaged-turkish-area-casualty-figures.html The New York Times 24 May 1971 24 July 2022 PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog https://earthquake.usgs.gov/static/lfs/data/pager/catalogs/ September 4, 2009 United States Geological Survey Version 2008_06.1 M 6.6 - https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/iscgem784837/executive United States Geological Survey Sources Ambraseys Nicholas Neocles Engineering seismology: Part II Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics December 1988 17 1 51–105 10.1002/eqe.4290170102 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/eqe.4290170102 7 July 2024 subscription Aydan Ö Ulusay R. Miyajima M. The Bingöl Earthquake Of May 1, 2003 Japan Society of Civil Engineers July 2003 1–94 https://www.jsce.or.jp/library/eq_repo/Vol2/02/report/report200307.pdf 8 July 2024 https://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/13_888.pdf The 1St Of May 2003, Bingol, Turkey, Earthquake, A Study Of The Performance Of The Building Stock Ellul Frederick D'Ayala Dina Calayir Yusuf 1 August 2004 Vancouver, B.C., Canada 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering 8 July 2024 Gürsoy Halil Tatar Orhan Akpınar Zafer Polat Ali Mesci Levent Tunçer Doğan New observations on the 1939 Erzincan Earthquake surface rupture on the Kelkit Valley segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey Journal of Geodynamics April 2013 65 259–271 10.1016/j.jog.2012.06.002 2013JGeo...65..259G https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0264370712000981 8 July 2024 subscription Güvercin Sezim Ezgi Karabulut Hayrullah Konca A Özgün Doğan Uğur Ergintav Semih Active seismotectonics of the East Anatolian Fault Geophysical Journal International July 2022 230 1 50–69 10.1093/gji/ggac045 free https://academic.oup.com/gji/article/230/1/50/6522179 8 July 2024 Taymaz T. Yilmaz Y. Dilek Y. The geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia: introduction Geological Society, London, Special Publications 2007 291 1–16 10.1144/SP291.1 https://www.lyellcollection.org/doi/full/10.1144/SP291.1 8 July 2024 subscription Utkucu Murat Pinar Ali Alptekin Ömer 2003 Investigation of rupture history of the May 22, 1971, Bingöl earthquake obtained from the finite-fault inversion of the teleseismic P waveforms Bull. Earth Sci. Appl. Res. Centre of Hacettepe University 28 65–79 Further reading Seymen, İ. & Aydın, A. (1972). The Bingöl earthquake fault and its relation to the North Anatolian Fault Zone. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 79 (79), 1–12. External links 784837 1971 Bingöl Category:1971 earthquakes Category:1971 in Turkey Category:History of Bingöl Province Category:May 1971 in Turkey Category:1971 disasters in Turkey