1222 Cyprus earthquake

Strong seismic event October 2024 1222 Cyprus earthquake yes 11 May 1222 08:15 Cyprus 7.0–7.5 IX 34.7 32.6 inline,title Cyprus Yes Many The 1222 Cyprus earthquake occurred at about 06:15 UTC on 11 May. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.0–7.5 and triggered a paleotsunami that was recorded in Libya and Alexandria. The strongest shaking was felt in Nicosia, Limassol and Paphos.Yolsal S. Taymaz T. 2010 Sensitivity Analysis on Relations Between Earthquake Source Rupture Parameters and Far-Field Tsunami Waves: Case Studies in the Eastern Mediterranean Region Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 19 3 313–349 10.3906/yer-0902-8 2005TuJES..14..281Y 131426966 free Many people died, although there are no estimates for the total number of casualties. Tectonic setting The estimated location of the earthquake is on the southwestern coast of Cyprus and is thought to be associated with the Cyprus Arc. The Cyprus Arc is part of the plate boundary zone that accommodates the motion of the African plate relative to the Anatolian plate. The relative motion of the Anatolian plate is almost entirely westwards relative to the African plate.Wdowinski S. Ben-Avraham Z., Arvidsson R. & Ekström G. 2006 Seismotectonics of the Cyprian Arc Geophysical Journal International 164 1 176–181 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02737.x 2006GeoJI.164..176W free In the eastern part of the arc, earthquakes are entirely strike-slip in character. To the west they show a combination of thrust faulting and strike-slip. A major NE-SW trending strike-slip structure has been identified just west of Cyprus, that is responsible for larger earthquakes in the area. Damage Much damage was caused at Limassol and Nicosia and other parts of the island, but the greatest damage was done at Paphos, where there were many deaths.Ambraseys N. Nicholas Ambraseys Melville C.P. Adams R. D. The seismicity of Egypt, Arabia, and the Red Sea: a historical review https://books.google.com/books?id=fxnnk2inWT0C Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-39120-7 40 1994 Paphos Castle, a Byzantine fort, was destroyed and had to be rebuilt by the Lusignans. A modern excavation at Paphos Castle found the remains of a man who apparently climbed into the castle's main drain to escape the earthquake but was trapped there by falling masonry.Mitchell P.D. Medicine in the Crusades: warfare, wounds, and the medieval surgeon https://books.google.com/books?id=1GwIDzFxmkEC&pg=PA118 2004 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84455-0 120 The sea retreated from the harbour but returned and flooded the town. A church is said to have fallen, burying the bishop and his congregation. Monks of the Franciscan order abandoned their church in Paphos after the earthquake.Antonopoulos J. 1980 Data from investigation on seismic Sea waves events in the Eastern Mediterranean from 1000 to 1500 A.D Annali di Geofisica 33 179–198 http://www.annalsofgeophysics.eu/index.php/annals/article/viewFile/4703/4785 The castle of Saranta Kolones, built only 30 years earlier overlooking the harbour, was destroyed by the earthquake. It was never rebuilt, as it was no longer needed to protect the port, which had dried up.Rosser J. 1985 Excavations at Saranda Kolones, Paphos, Cyprus, 1981–1983 Dumbarton Oaks Papers 39 81–97 http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=12076291 French 10.2307/1291516 1291516 31 July 2010 6 September 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20120906205125/http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=12076291 dead subscription freePryor J.H. Logistics of Warfare in the Age of the Crusades: Proceedings of a Workshop Held at the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Sydney, 30 September to 4 October 2002 https://books.google.com/books?id=ntMeWddadwAC&pg=PA115 2006 Ashgate Publishing 978-0-7546-5197-0 115 The earthquake permanently changed Paphos, rendering the harbour unusable, and moving the shoreline seawards; it no longer had a protected anchorage. Characteristics The estimated magnitude for this event is 7.0–7.5 with a maximum estimated felt intensity of IX (Violent). See also List of earthquakes in Cyprus List of historical earthquakes List of tsunamis References Further reading Ambraseys N. 2009 Earthquakes in the Mediterranean and Middle East: A Multidisciplinary Study of Seismicity up to 1900 https://books.google.com/books?id=FzXSBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT1315 First Cambridge University Press 338–340 978-1-316-34785-0 Category:13th-century earthquakes Cyprus Earthquake, 1222 Category:Kingdom of Cyprus Category:Earthquakes in Cyprus Category:Paphos Category:Medieval tsunamis Category:Earthquakes in the Byzantine Empire Category:Tsunamis in Cyprus