1937 Tour de France

April 2019 May 2019 1937 Tour de France Route of the 1937 Tour de France.png Route of the 1937 Tour de France followed clockwise, starting in Paris 360px 30 June – 25 July 1937 20, including eight split stages 4415 km 138h 58' 31" Roger Lapébie FRA yellow France Mario Vicini ITA 1861 IndividualVicini Vicini had started as an individual, but was added to the Italian team after stage 18a. Léo Amberg SUI Switzerland France Félicien Vervaecke BEL Belgium 1936 1938 The 1937 Tour de France was the 31st edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 30 June to 25 July. It consisted of 20 stages with a total length of 4415 km 0 on. Charles Holland and Bill Burl became the first British cyclists to ride the Tour. Burl lasted only two stages, but Holland rode well until he was eliminated on stage 14c after mechanical problems. The British Empire was also represented by the only non-European in the Tour: Canadian Pierre Gachon, who never completed the first stage. The complete Belgian team (including 1936 and 1939 winner Sylvère Maes) withdraw from the race because of "French chauvinism". Complaints from the Belgian team included of French spectators throwing stones at the Belgian team, closing train crossings, and throwing pepper in the eyes, and being punished unreasonable strictly (adding extra time in the standing) while French riders were hardly punished at all while being helped. The race was won by French cyclist Roger Lapébie. Innovations and changes The Tours from 1903 to 1936 had all been organised by Henri Desgrange, but during the 1936 Tour de France he had to stop for health reasons, and Jacques Goddet took over. The Tour in 1937 was the first Tour where Goddet was in charge, and one of the first rules that he changed was to allow gear changes.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 Each team had its own car with extra material to help with mechanical problems. Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1937 Tour de France The Italian team, that had been absent from the 1936 Tour de France, returned in 1937, after Benito Mussolini removed their boycott of the Tour, and selected new star Gino Bartali, who had won the 1936 and 1937 Giro d'Italia, as the Italian team leader.http://www.cyclingrevealed.com/dec05/top25-16.html 1937- Tour Provides Great Racing Drama Top 25 All Time Tours Barry Boyce 2004 14 January 2010July 2026 InternetArchiveBot The Italian team had 10 cyclists, just as the Belgian, German and French teams. There were also small teams of six cyclists: the Spanish, Dutch, Luxembourgian and Swiss teams. The last national team was the Great Britain-Canada team, consisting of two British cyclists and one Canadian.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1937 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1937/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 The French team included Roger Lapébie. Lapébie had had a difficult relation with Desgrange. This had caused Lapébie to be out of the national team in 1935, and completely absent from the Tour in 1936. In 1937, Desgrange had retired, and Lapébie was back. In the month before the Tour started, Lapébie had undergone surgery for a lumbar hernia, and there were doubts about his form.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 There were also 31 cyclists riding as individuals. These individuals were responsible for their own food and accommodation.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 The teams entering the race were: 20em Belgium Italy Germany France Spain Netherlands Luxembourg Switzerland Great Britain/Canada Route and stages Stage 19b was an individual time trial, stages 5b, 11b and 18a were team time trials, although the victory was still given the cyclist who crossed the line first. At the start of the Tour, it was also the intention to run stages 12b, 13b, 14b and 17b as time trials,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k664240r/f6.zoom Gallica Le Petit Parisien 30 June 1937 27 September 2015 fr La grande aventure commence... En selle pour 4.410 kilometres! but during the Tour the organisation changed the format. The highest point of elevation in the race was 2556 m ft on at the summit tunnel of the Col du Galibier mountain pass on stage 7.Augendre 2016 177–178De Ronde van Frankrijk The Tour de France https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011172623:mpeg21:p010 De Gooi- en Eemlander 7 July 1937 10 nl Delpher + Stage characteristics and winnershttp://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1937.php Mémoire du cyclisme 31ème Tour de France 1937 fr 5 October 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20090720082933/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1937.php 20 July 2009 dead Augendre 2016 35http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1937 Tour de France GC top ten Arian Zwegers CVCC https://web.archive.org/web/20080516071832/http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html 16 May 2008 live 20 April 2009 The history of the Tour de France – Year 1937 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1937/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402234557/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1937/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance Typeicons The icons shown here indicate whether the stage was run as a time trial, the stage was flat or the stage included mountains for the mountains classification. Winner 130 June Paris to Lille 263 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean Majerus LUX 21 July Lille to Charleville 192 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Maurice Archambaud FRA 32 July Charleville to Metz 161 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Walter Generati ITA 1861 43 July Metz to Belfort 220 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Erich Bautz GER Nazi 5a4 July Belfort to Lons-le-Saunier 175 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Henri Puppo FRA 5b Lons-le-Saunier to Champagnole 34 km mi on link=Team time trial|20px|alt= Team time trial Sylvère Maes BEL 5c Champagnole to Geneva 93 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Leo Amberg SUI 5 July Geneva Rest day 66 July Geneva to Aix-les-Bains 180 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Gustaaf Deloor BEL 77 July Aix-les-Bains to Grenoble 228 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Gino Bartali ITA 1861 88 July Grenoble to Briançon 194 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Otto Weckerling GER Nazi 99 July Briançon to Digne 220 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Roger Lapébie FRA 10 July Digne Rest day 1011 July Digne to Nice 251 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Félicien Vervaecke BEL 12 July Nice Rest day 11a13 July Nice to Toulon 169 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Éloi Meulenberg BEL 11b Toulon to Marseille 65 km mi on link=Team time trial|20px|alt= Team time trial Gustaaf Danneels BEL 12a14 July Marseille to Nîmes 112 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Alphonse Antoine FRA 12b Nîmes to Montpellier 51 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage René Pedroli SUI 13a15 July Montpellier to Narbonne 103 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Francesco Camusso ITA 1861 13b Narbonne to Perpignan 63 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Éloi Meulenberg BEL 16 July Perpignan Rest day 14a17 July Perpignan to Bourg-Madame 99 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Éloi Meulenberg BEL 14b Bourg-Madame to Ax-les-Thermes 59 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Mariano Cañardo ESP 1936 14c Ax-les-Thermes to Luchon 167 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Éloi Meulenberg BEL 18 July Luchon Rest day 1519 July Luchon to Pau 194 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Julián Berrendero ESP 1936 22 July Pau Rest day 1621 July Pau to Bordeaux 235 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Paul Chocque FRA 17a22 July Bordeaux to Royan 123 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Erich Bautz GER Nazi 17b Royan to Saintes 37 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Adolph Braeckeveldt BELHeinz Wengler GER Nazistage-17b Braeckeveldt and Wengler were both declared winner of stage 17b, and split the bonification time. 17c Saintes to La Rochelle 67 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Roger Lapébie FRA 18a23 July La Rochelle to La Roche-sur-Yon 82 km mi on link=Team time trial|20px|alt= Team time trial Roger Lapébie FRA 18b La Roche-sur-Yon to Rennes 172 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Paul Chocque FRA 19a24 July Rennes to Vire 114 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Raymond Passat FRA 19b Vire to Caen 59 km mi on link=Individual time trial|20px|alt= Individual time trial Leo Amberg SUI 2025 July Caen to Paris 234 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Edward Vissers BEL Total 4415 km 0 onAugendre 2016 108 Race overview 1937 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 12b 1937 Tour de France, Stage 13a to Stage 20 thumb|upright|alt=A man holding a prize cup|Roger Lapébie being honoured for his general classification win in the 1937 Tour in Paris German Erich Bautz took the lead after the fourth stage, thanks to the bonification system that could give the winner of a stage some minutes bonification time. In the seventh stage, Bartali took the stage victory, and with that the lead in the general classification. He was nine minutes ahead of Ward Vissers, and that could just be enough for the Tour victory. On the eighth stage, Bartali could not avoid his teammate Jules Rossi who crashed right in front of him, and Bartali fell into a river.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 He got up and was able to finish the stage. He lost 10 minutes and kept the lead, but in the next stage he lost more than twenty minutes, and in the twelfth stage he gave up. In the ninth stage, Sylvère Maes took over the lead, closely followed by Mario Vicini and Roger Lapébie. At that point, the French team was already down to six cyclists. These six cyclists had a meeting, and decided that Lapébie would be the team leader, as the rest of the team was already to far behind to have any chance for the final victory.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 Before the start of the fifteenth stage, Lapébie found out that the frame of his bicycle had been sabotaged,http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1937/histoire.html The Tour - Year 1937 Amaury Sport Organisation 14 January 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20090716153441/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1937/histoire.html 16 July 2009 dead dmy-all causing his handlebars to break off. Lapébie made quick repairs and just made it to the start of the stage, but his newly constructed bicycle did not have a water holder, and he had to start the stage without water.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 This demotivated him, and Lapébie began losing time early in the stage. That stage included four mountains, and on top of the second mountain Lapébie was already five minutes behind, and wanted to give up. A teammate inspired him to go on, and Lapébie started to win back time. When Maes punctured, Lapébie was able to reach him, and at the end of the stage only Julián Berrendero was in front of them, and Lapébie won the sprint for the second place.http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1937_15.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120320164032/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1937_15.php 20 March 2012 28 October 2016 dead Mémoire du cyclisme 31ème Tour de France 1937 - 15ème étape fr This rewarded him with 45 seconds bonification time. When the tour directors gave him 90 seconds penalty time for having been pushed, the margin with Maes grew to more than three minutes, but Lapébie had sensed weakness in the Belgian team, and planned to attack in the next stage. The Belgian team complained that the penalty was far too little, because Lapébie's advantage had been much more. The French team threatened to abandon the race if the penalty would be increased, and the Tour direction did not change the penalty.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 In the sixteenth stage Lapébie finished ahead of Maes, and cut the margin down to only 25 seconds, but with only flat stage that could be enough for Maes. During that sixteenth stage, Maes had punctured, and had been help by two Belgian cyclists, Gustaaf Deloor and Adolf Braeckeveldt.http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1937_16.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120320164042/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1937_16.php 20 March 2012 28 October 2016 dead Mémoire du cyclisme 31ème Tour de France 1937 - 16ème étape fr However, these Belgian cyclists rode as "individuals", and were not part of the Belgian team. The Tour jury then fined Maes with 15 seconds penalty time in the general classification. During the race, a train crossing had been closed just after Lapébie had passed, and just before Maes was about to pass.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 Maes was offended by all this, and quit the race, together with the rest of the Belgian team. From that point on, it was easy for Lapébie to secure his victory. Classification leadership and minor prizes The time that each cyclist required to finish each stage was recorded, and these times were added together for the general classification. If a cyclist had received a time bonus, it was subtracted from this total; all time penalties were added to this total. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey. Leo Amberg became the first Swiss cyclist to reach the podium of the general classification in the Tour de France. For the mountains classification, 17 mountains were selected by the Tour organisation. After the last mountain in the fifteenth stage, the classification was won by Félicien Vervaecke. Vervaecke did not finish the Tour, but in 1937 that was not needed to win the mountains classification. The team classification was calculated in 1937 by adding up the times of the best three cyclists of a team; the team with the least time was the winner. The time for the Spanish team, which finished with only two cyclists, was calculated by adding the time of the final rider in the general classification, plus one hour penalty time. The Belgian, Dutch, and British-Canadian teams did not finish with two or more cyclists, so they were not eligible for the team classification. +Classification leadership by stagevan den Akker Pieter Informatie over de Tour de France van 1937 Information about the Tour de France from 1937 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1937 https://web.archive.org/web/20190302050017/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1937 2 March 2019 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 2 March 2019 live Stage Winner General classification25px|link= Mountains classificationmountains-jersey No jersey was awarded to the leader of the mountains classification until a white jersey with red polka dots was introduced in 1975.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 Classification for individuals Team classification 1 Jean Majerus Jean Majerus no award Adolphe Braeckeveldt Luxembourg 2 Maurice Archambaud France 3 Walter Generati Marcel Kint Belgium 4 Erich Bautz Erich Bautz Erich Bautz Germany 5a Henri Puppo Luxembourg 5b Sylvère Maes 5c Leo Amberg 6 Gustaaf Deloor Gino Bartali Belgium 7 Gino Bartali Gino Bartali France 8 Otto Weckerling 9 Roger Lapébie Sylvère Maes Félicien Vervaecke Mario Vicini Belgium 10 Félicien Vervaecke 11a Éloi Meulenberg 11b Gustaaf Danneels 12a Alphonse Antoine 12b René Pedroli 13a Francesco Camusso 13b Éloi Meulenberg 14a Éloi Meulenberg 14b Mariano Cañardo 14c Éloi Meulenberg 15 Julián Berrendero 16 Paul Chocque 17a Erich Bautz Roger Lapébie France 17b Adolph BraeckeveldtHeinz Wenglerstage-17b 17c Roger Lapébie 18a Roger Lapébie 18b Paul Chocque 19a Raymond Passat 19b Leo Amberg 20 Edward Vissers FinalRoger Lapébie Félicien Vervaecke Mario Vicini France Final standings General classification + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1937 – Stage 20 Caen > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1937/2000/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402220246/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1937/2000/etape.html dead Rank Rider Team Time1 Roger Lapébie FRA France 138h 58' 31"2 Mario Vicini ITA 1861IndividualVicini + 7' 17"3 Leo Amberg SUI Switzerland + 26' 13"4 Francesco Camusso ITA 1861Italy + 26' 53"5 Sylvain Marcaillou FRAFrance + 35' 36"6 Edouard Vissers BELIndividual + 38' 13"7 Paul Chocque FRAFrance + 1h 05' 19"8 Pierre Gallien FRA Individual + 1h 06' 33"9 Erich Bautz GER NaziGermany + 1h 06' 41"10 Jean Frechaut FRAIndividual + 1h 24' 34" Final general classification (11–46) Rank Rider Sponsor Time 11 Herbert Muller BELIndividual + 1h 26' 51" 12 Raymond Passat FRAIndividual + 1h 27' 58" 13 Marcel Laurent FRAIndividual + 1h 31' 57" 14 Oskar Thierbach GER NaziGermany + 1h 34' 27" 15 Julián Berrendero ESP 1936Spain + 1h 34' 48" 16 Gustaaf Deloor BELIndividual + 1h 36' 03" 17 Victor Cosson FRAIndividual + 1h 38' 55" 18 Jean-Marie Goasmat FRAIndividual + 1h 39' 36" 19 Sauveur Ducazeaux FRAIndividual + 1h 41' 21" 20 Robert Oubron FRAIndividual + 1h 46' 09" 21 Robert Tanneveau FRAFrance + 1h 47' 03" 22 Adolf Braeckeveldt BELIndividual + 1h 52' 29" 23 Henri Puppo FRAIndividual + 1h 56' 38" 24 Giuseppe Martano ITA 1861Italy + 1h 58' 33" 25 Fabien Galateau FRAIndividual + 2h 04' 20" 26 Augusto Introzzi ITA 1861Italy + 2h 09' 49" 27 Arsène Mersch LUXLuxembourg + 2h 15' 43" 28 Ludwig Geyer GER NaziGermany + 2h 16' 31" 29 Paul Egli SUISwitzerland + 2h 27' 54" 30 Mariano Cañardo ESP 1936Spain + 2h 35' 11" 31 Robert Zimmermann SUISwitzerland + 2h 44' 23" 32 Pierre Cloarec FRAIndividual + 2h 46' 06" 33 Antoon Van Schendel NEDNetherlands + 2h 53' 14" 34 Gabriel Dubois FRAIndividual + 3h 11' 32" 35 Jean Goujon FRAIndividual + 3h 19' 16" 36 Carlo Romanatti ITA 1861Italy + 3h 19' 29" 37 Heinz Wengler GER NaziGermany + 3h 28' 04" 38 François Neuens LUXLuxembourg + 3h 32' 10" 39 René Pedroli SUISwitzerland + 4h 02' 48" 40 Raymond Lemarié FRAIndividual + 4h 08' 12" 41 Otto Weckerling GER NaziGermany + 4h 19' 08" 42 Bruno Carini FRAIndividual + 4h 27' 42" 43 Herbert Hauswald GER NaziGermany + 5h 03' 09" 44 Émile Gamard FRAFrance + 5h 52' 42" 45 Reinhold Wendel GER NaziGermany + 6h 15' 29" 46 Aloïs Klensch LUXLuxembourg + 6h 39' 25" Mountains classification +Mountains in the mountains classificationAugendre 2016 175–192Stage RiderHeightMountain range Winner 4Ballon d'Alsace1178 m ftVosgesErich Bautz 6Aravis1498 m ftAlpsGino Bartali 6Tamié920 m ftAlpsFélicien Vervaecke 7Galibier2556 m ftAlpsGino Bartali 8Laffrey900 m ftAlpsGino Bartali 9Izoard2361 m ftAlpsJulián Berrendero 9Vars2110 m ftAlpsEdward Vissers 9Allos2250 m ftAlpsMario Vicini 10Braus1002 m ftAlps-MaritimesFélicien Vervaecke 10La Turbie555 m ftAlps-MaritimesHenri Puppo 14bPuymorens1920 m ftPyreneesJulián Berrendero 14cPort1249 m ftPyreneesJulián Berrendero 14cPortet d'Aspet1069 m ftPyreneesJulián Berrendero 15Peyresourde1569 m ftPyreneesJulián Berrendero 15Aspin1489 m ftPyreneesJulián Berrendero 15Tourmalet2115 m ftPyreneesJulián Berrendero 15Aubisque1709 m ftPyreneesMario Vicini + Final mountains classification (1–10)http://www.tour-giro-vuelta.net/ Tour-giro-vuelta 14 January 2010 Michiel van Lonkhuyzenhttps://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k4629958w/f3.item 3 Le tableau d'honneur des grimpeurs du Tour fr 21 July 1937 L'Auto No 13363 Rank Rider Team Points1 Félicien Vervaecke BELBelgium 1142 Mario Vicini ITA 1861IndividualVicini 963 Sylvère Maes BELBelgium 904 Julián Berrendero ESP 1936Spain 755 Ward Vissers BELIndividual 666 Jules Lowie BELBelgium 577 Gino Bartali ITA 1861Italy 507 Pierre Gallien FRATouriste-routier 509 Marcel Kint BELBelgium 2910 Fédérico Ezquerra ESP 1936Spain 27 Team classification + Final team classification (1–6)http://www.veloarchive.com/races/tour/1937.php 1937: Lapébie wins after the Belgians withdraw Tom James 15 August 2003 5 October 2009http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/HEM/1937/07/26/MD19370726-001.pdf Roger Lapebie y Francia inscriben sus nombres en el palmarés es 26 July 1937 Mundo Deportivo 1 https://web.archive.org/web/20190325034604/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/HEM/1937/07/26/MD19370726-001.pdf 25 March 2019 live Rank Team Time1 France 418h 36' 28"2 Italy + 2h 54' 18"3 Germany + 3h 12' 22"4 Switzerland + 3h 57' 35"5 Spain + 10h 04' 07"6 Luxembourg + 10h 42' 01" Aftermath The riders in the individual category had performed very well in the 1937 Tour de France; the second-placed cyclist in the general classification had started in the individuals category, as were in total twelve cyclists in the top twenty.McGann McGann 2006 132–139 Still, the category was removed after 1937. Notes References 30em Bibliography Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1903–1964 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=jxq20JskqMUC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis 2006 978-1-59858-180-5 Nauright John Parrish Charles Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=IkLYDgTnMxEC 2012 ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, California 978-1-59884-300-2 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 84–85 9780007543991 872700415 External links 1937 Tour de France 1 12b 13a 20 Category:1937 in road cycling Category:1937 in French sport 1937 Category:June 1937 sports events in Europe Category:July 1937 sports events in Europe