1447

1447 thumb|250px|Vasily II is restored the throne of Moscow 1447 Year 1447 (MCDXLVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March January 4 – Barnaba Adorno becomes the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa when his cousin Raffaele Adorno steps down after slightly less than four years in office. Baranaba holds the office for only a few weeks before being forced by the Adorno family's rivals, the Campofregoso family to flee the Doge's Palace on January 29.Sergio Buonadonna Mario Mercenaro Rosso doge. I dogi della Repubblica di Genova dal 1339 al 1797 2007 De Ferrari Editori Genova January 30 – Giano di Campofregoso is elected as the new Doge of Genoa the day after his family forces Barnaba Adorno out of the city. February 11 – The English Parliament is opened by King Henry VI for a three week session that closes on March 3. February 20 – Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, uncle and heir apparent of King Henry VI of England, is arrested on a charge of treason. He dies from a stroke three days later while imprisoned at Bury St Edmunds in Suffolk.Vickers Kenneth Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester: A Biography Archibald Constable London 1907 293 09008417 1211527 Kenneth Hotham Vickers https://archive.org/details/humphreydukeglo00vickgoog Richard of York becomes next in line for the throne. February 23 – Pope Eugene IV, leader of the Roman Catholic Church since 1431, dies shortly after issuing his last papal bulls. February 27 – Vasily II returns as Grand Prince of Moscow after being recalled from exile by Dmitry Shemyaka, who had blinded him the year before. Shemyaka still attempts to control the Principality of Moscow. March 4 – The papal conclave opens at the Santa Maria sopra Minerva in Rome with 18 of the 24 living members of the College of Cardinals arriving to select a new Pope With 12 votes necessary for the require two-thirds needed for an election, Cardinal Prospero Colonna receives 10 and Cardinal Domenico Capranica gets 8.Thomas M. Izbicki, 2007, "The politics of a conclave: the papal election of 1447." Cristianesimo nella storia, pp. 277-284John P. Adams, "Sede Vacante 1447". California State University Northridge. 2016. March 6 – On the fourth vote of the papal conclave, Prospero Colonna is still unable to gain more than 10 votes, and Cardinal Capranica addresses the group, warning that Rome would be under attack from the King of Aragon. At the intervention of Cardinal Giovanni Berardi, the cardinals begin voting for a compromise candidate, Tommaso Parentucelli, who wins 12 votes. Parentucelli then takes the regnal name of Pope Nicholas V, the 208th Bishop of Rome and Pope.T. Adolphus Trollope, The Papal Conclaves, as They Were and as They Are (London: Chapman and Hall, 1876) pp. 140-141 March 13 – At Herat, Ulugh Beg (born Mirza Muhammad Taraghay) becomes the new ruler of the Timurid Empire upon the death of his father Sharukh Mirza, who had reigned for 42 years.Jackson Peter Peter Jackson (historian) Lockhart Lawrence The Cambridge History of Iran https://books.google.com/books?id=fY01Tc2SZVEC&pg=PA100 VI 1986 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-20094-3 103 The Empire is in decline but still controls most of what is now Afghanistan as well as parts of Iraq and Pakistan. March 16 – A major fire destroys the centre of Valencia. March 19 – The coronation of Tommaso Parentucelli as Pope Nicholas V takes place in Rome. The crown is placed upon his head by Cardinal Prospero Colonna, who had come within two votes of being selected as the Pope on March 5. March 26 – Dmitry Shemyaka flees Moscow from the supporters of Vasily II. Franzes I, Duke of Brittany, reverses the policy of his father, the late Duke Yann the Wise and allows the Caquin minority to have certain rights of trade within specified areas in the bishopric of Vannes.fr Caquins et Caquineries dans l'ancien diocèse de Saint-Brieuc Caquins and Caquineries in the former diocese of Saint-Brieuc http://eric.havel.free.fr/caquins/caquins.htm Le site de Michel Chevalier, bibliothécaire de la Société d'Émulation des Côtes d'Armor 31 January 2015 April – June April 20 – Abdal-Latif Mirza, son of the recently-crowned Timurid Emperor Ulugh Beg, is defeated in battle at Nishapur by his cousin Ala al-Dawla Mirza, another claimant to the Timurid throne, shortly after Abdal-Latif had captured the city of Damghan and al-Dawla had conquered Mashad."Ulugh Beg", Volume II of Four Studies on the History of Central Asia, by V. V. Barthold (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1958) p.147 April 22 – (5 Safar 851 AH) Khwaja Ubaidullah Ahrar becomes the new leader of the tariqa (order) of Süleymancılar among adherents of Sufism in what is now Turkey.Moshe Gammer, Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and Daghestan (Portland OR: Frank Cass, 1994) May 6 – In a royal wedding at Lisbon, King Afonso V of Portugal is married to his first cousin, Princess Isabel of Coimbra, when both of them are 15 years old. Isabel is the daughter of Afonso's uncle, Dom Pedro, Duke of Coimbra, who continues to serve as the regent for King Afonso.The Travels of the Infante Dom Pedro of Portugal Francis M. Rogers 1961 Cambridge Harvard University Press Harvard Studies in Romance Languages XXVI 59 June 25 – Kazimieras Jogailaitis, Grand Duke of Lithuania since 1440, is crowned King of Poland as Casimir IV Jagiellon, bringing an end to an interregnum that had existed since 1444 when Casimir's brother King Wladyslaw III had left Poland to fight in a Crusade against the Ottoman Turks.Frost Robert The Making of the Polish-Lithuanian Union 1385–1569, Volume 1 2015 Oxford University Press Oxford 327 978-0-19-101787-2 July – September July 13 – At Suceava (now in Romania) Stefan II, Voivode of Moldavia since 1434, is killed in a coup d'état by his nephew, Roman II.Ștefan Ștefănescu, Istoria medie a României, *(Bucharest, 1991) p.105 July 22 – In a royal wedding at the cathedral in Madrigal de las Altas Torres in the Kingdom of Castile (now in Spain) Princess Isabella of Portugal, cousin of King Afonso VI, marries King Juan II of Castile.Tremlett Giles https://books.google.com/books?id=-_uFDAAAQBAJ&dq=isabella+of+portugal+madrigal+altas+torres&pg=PT24 Isabella of Castile: Europe's First Great Queen 2017-02-09 Bloomsbury Publishing 978-1-4088-5396-2 en August 13 – The Milanese War of Succession begins in Italy when Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan since 1412, dies from natural causes.Visconti Visconti s.v. Filippo Maria 28 129 Carlton Joseph Huntley Hayes Carlton J. H. Hayes In that Visconti had no male heir, he had bequeathed the Duchy to King Afonso V, ruler of the Kingdom of Naples (in Italy) and the Crown of Aragon (in Spain), as well as his son-in-law Francesco I Sforza and Sigismund, Archduke of Austria. August 14 – As competition begins over who will inherit the right to rule the Duchy of Milan, members of the University of Pavia proclaim the Golden Ambrosian Republic (Aurea Repubblica Ambrosiana), ruled by a 12-member council, the Capitani della Libertà (Captains of Liberty), led by professor Giorgio Lampugnano.A History of Milan under the Sforza. Cecilia M. Ady, Edward Armstrong; Methuen & Co., 1907. https://web.archive.org/web/20080506142002/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=4776025 2008-05-06 September 15 – Roman II seizes the throne of Moldavia after killing his uncle, Stephen II, and makes plans to enlist his other uncle, Petru as co-ruler.A. D. Xenopol, Istoria romînilor din Dacia Traiană, Vol. III, chapter 3 (Iaşi, 1896) pp.127-128 October – December October 11 – In the Battle of Bosco Marengo in Italy, the army the Ambrosian Republic of Milan defeats the 3,000-member force of the Duchy of Orléans, killing half of their troops while losing only 500 of its 3,700 men. Le grand dictionnaire historique, ou Le mélange curieux de l'histoire sacrée et profane (The Great Historical Dictionary, or The Curious Mixture of Sacred and Profane History): Vol.3 https://archive.org/details/MoreriGdDictHist09bnf.pdf Louis Moreri 1759 Paris November 16 – In the War of the Milanese Succession, Francesco Sforza, leader of the forces of the Ambrosian Republic of Milan, overwhelms the city of Piacenza after a siege that began on October 1. According to a contemporary account, Piacenza "endured every evil" from the Milanese over the next 50 days. Cristoforo da Soldo comments that "as for the ravaging of the land that was plundered, it would take a great pile of paper to write down the many cruelties. All the churches were robbed.. virgins, married women, widows, and nuns, all of them were shamed, abused and wrongly molested."Diana Robin, Filelfo in Milan: Writings 1451-1477 (Princeton University Press, 2014) p.65 December 7 –Vlad II Dracul, ruler of Wallachia, and his eldest son Mircea are assassinated outside of Bucharest.Constantin Rezachevici, Cronologia critică a domnilor din Țara Românească și Moldova a. 1324 – 1881 (Critical Chronology of the Lords of Wallachia and Moldavia 1324 – 1881) (Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedică, 2001) Vladislav II succeeds him, with the assistance of John Hunyadi, beginning the Albanian–Venetian War. December 16 – Lodovico di Campofregoso becomes the Doge of the Republic of Genoa, succeeding his older brother, Giano I, who had taken office "for life Date unknown The Siege of Soest, Germany, occurs, in the course of the Soest Feud. Tashi Lhunpo Monastery is founded by the 1st Dalai Lama at its original location in Shigatse, Tibet.Chö Yang: The Voice of Tibetan Religion and Culture. (1991) Year of Tibet Edition, p. 79. Gangchen Kyishong, Dharmasala, H.P., India. Iizasa Ienao founds Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryū, the earliest historically verifiable Japanese koryū martial art, that will still be extant in modern times.According to Ryū's own sources. Births February 1 – Eberhard II, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1504) February 4 – Lodovico Lazzarelli, Italian poet (d. 1500) April 5 – Catherine of Genoa, Italian author and nurse (d. 1510) April 17 – Baptista Mantuanus, poet and Carmelite (d. 1516) June 27 – Jean IV de Rieux, Breton noble and Marshal (d. 1518) July 5 – Costanzo I Sforza, Italian noble (d. 1483) September 10 – Paolo da San Leocadio, Italian painter in Spain (d. 1520) October 30 – Lucas Watzenrode, Prince-Bishop of Warmia (d. 1512) December 3 – Bayezid II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1512) December 9 – Chenghua Emperor of China (d. 1487) December 15 – Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1508) date unknown Piero Capponi, Italian soldier and statesman (d. 1496) Philippe de Commines, Flemish historian (d. 1511)Michel de Montaigne Selections from Montaigne https://books.google.com/books?id=G8UUAAAAMAAJ 1914 D.C. Heath & Company 215 Catherine of Genoa, Catholic mystic (d. 1510) probable Giovanni Antonio Amadeo, Italian sculptor (d. 1522) Deaths February 23 Pope Eugene IV (b. 1383)Joachim W. Stieber Pope Eugenius IV, the Council of Basel and the Secular and Ecclesiastical Authorities in the Empire: The Conflict Over Supreme Authority and Power in the Church https://books.google.com/books?id=5R_2clxgcr4C&pg=PA302 1 January 1978 BRILL 90-04-05240-2 302 Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1390) March 6 – Colette of Corbie, French abbess and saint in the Catholic Church (b. 1381)Saint Colette Biography & Facts Britannica https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Colette www.britannica.com 29 April 2022 en March 13 – Shah Rukh Mirza, ruler of Persia and Transoxonia (b. 1377) March 31 – Robert Long, English politician (b. 1390) April 11 – Henry Beaufort, Cardinal, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1377) April 22 – Yaqub al-Charkhi, Sufism (b. 1359) May 1 – Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt (b. 1368) May 12 – Hein Hoyer, German politician (b. 1380) July 6 – António Martins de Chaves, Catholic cardinal (b. 1390) July 9 – Gruffudd Vychan, Welsh knight (b. 1390) July 13 – Stephen II of Moldavia, Prince of Moldavia (b. 1410) August 5 – John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter, English nobleman and military commander (b. 1395) August 9 – Konrad IV the Elder, Polish priest (b. 1380) August 13 – Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan (b. 1392) October 31 – Tommaso Bellacci, Italian Roman Catholic professed member of the Third Order of Saint Francis (b. 1370) November 17 – Euphemia of Münsterberg, German sovereign (b. 1385) November 21 – Biagio Molino, Roman Catholic patriarch (b. 1380) December – Vlad II Dracul, Prince of Wallachia, and his son Mircea IIDracula : essays on the life and times of Vlad Țepeș 1991 East European Monographs Treptow, Kurt W. 0-88033-220-4 Boulder, Colo. 24689405 References New Advent. (2020). 'Pope Nicholas V'. Retrieved from https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11058a.htm https://www.hisdates.com/years/1447-historical-events.html https://www.onthisday.com/date/1447