1948 Gujrat train massacre

1948 massacre in Gujrat, Pakistan 1948 Gujrat train massacre the partition of India Millions fled across the border to the other country.jpg A train full of refugees travelling between India and Pakistan in 1947 Gujrat, Pakistan 32.5632297 74.0641426 Hindu and Sikh refugees 12 January 1948 Massacre 1,300–1,600 150 Muslim Pathans The 1948 Gujrat train massacre was an attack on a refugee train and massacre of Hindu and Sikh refugees by armed Muslim Pathans at Gujrat, Pakistan on 12 January 1948. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/263810486 1700 Refugees Butchered On Train In India Border Morning Mail 15 January 1948 21 March 2023 Khosla 1989 229 1,300–1,600 Hindus and Sikhs were killed in the massacre, 150 were wounded.https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/22530984 1,300 Killed in fresh Punjab clash The Argus 15 January 1948 21 March 2023 https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19480116.2.83 Refugees Killed In Punjab 16 January 1948 21 March 2023 The train was carrying 2,400 Hindu and Sikh refugees from the North West Frontier Province and taking them to India following their displacement due to the partition of India in August of the previous year. Only 750 of these refugees are reported to have survived and made it to India. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/52624390 Moslems Kill Nearly 1300 Hindus, Sikhs Examiner 15 January 1948 21 March 2023 Background During the partition of India, around 14–18 million people are said to have moved across the newly demarcated border between India and Pakistan in one of the largest mass migrations in history. A majority of this migration happened in the Punjab province which was divided into two, with Muslims moving to the west and Hindus and Sikhs moving to the east. Around 3 million of these refugees moved in 673 refugee trains over a period of three months between August and November 1947.Kaur 2011 948 Massacre A train carrying a total 2,400 Hindu and Sikh refugees left Bannu in the NWFP on 10 January 1948,Singh Jaspreet Massacre of Gujrat: The forgotten tragedy of Partition https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/massacre-of-gujrat-the-forgotten-tragedy-of-partition/articleshow/94405465.cms The Times of India 19 October 2022 7 April 2023 and was moving towards India via Sargodha and Lyallpur. The train was being escorted by 60 soldiers of the Gurkha regiment. The train was diverted from its the original route, because the route was deemed unsafe.Khosla 1989 229 The passengers were told by the driver that the train would be taken to Rawalpindi; however, it was further diverted to Gujrat. The train arrived at Gujrat railway station, where the driver fled with the train engine, leaving behind the carriages carrying the refugees. A clash occurred between the soldiers escorting the refugee train and Pathans present at the station, with the latter attacking the train, and engaging in a gunfight with the soldiers. After the escorting soldiers ran out of ammunition, a mob of a few thousand Muslim Pathans attacked the train and began killing the refugees and looting their belongings.Khosla 1989 229 The attack is said to have been premeditated, and it is believed that the train was deliberately diverted to Gujrat where armed Pathans were present. The Pir of Manki Sharif is said to have overseen the attack.Khosla 1989 229 References Bibliography Kaur Navdip 2011 Violence and Migration: A study of killing in the trains during the Partition of Punjab in 1947 https://www.jstor.org/stable/44146786 Proceedings of the Indian History Congress 72 947–954 44146786 2249-1937 Khosla Gopal Das Stern Reckoning: A Survey of the Events leading up to and following the Partition of India Delhi Oxford University Press 1989 9780195624175 22415680 Category:Anti-Hindu violence in Pakistan Category:Massacres of Hindus in the 1940s Category:Massacres of Sikhs Category:Rail transport in Punjab, Pakistan Category:1947 in Pakistan Category:Massacres in 1948 Category:September 1947 in Asia Category:1947 in rail transport Category:Transport disasters in 1947 Category:India–Pakistan relations Category:1947 disasters in Pakistan Category:Persecution of Hindus by Muslims