1990 South Ossetian Supreme Soviet election

November 2025 none South Ossetia 1985 1994 9 December 1990 All seats in the Supreme Soviet Supreme Soviet elections were held in the South Ossetia on 9 December 1990. The disputed elections took place after the declaration of independence by the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast from Georgia. In response, Georgia declared martial law. The crisis culminated in the start of the South Ossetian War. Background During the collapse of the Soviet Union, the tensions began to grow in the Georgia's South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast between local Georgians and Ossetians as Georgians pushed for independence from the Soviet Union, while Ossetians wanted to remain within the renewed federation. The South Ossetian Popular Front (Ademon Nykhas) was created in 1988, a first Ossetian nationalist organization in the region which called for separation from Georgia. On 10 November 1989, the local South Ossetian authorities made a decision to transform South Ossetia into an "autonomous republic".https://www.vub.be/sites/vub/files/nieuws/users/bcoppiet/130zverev.pdf Zverev Alexei Ethnic Conflicts in the Caucasus 1988–1994 1996 2022-04-04 https://web.archive.org/web/20121127185336/http://poli.vub.ac.be/publi/ContBorders/eng/ch0103.htm 27 November 2012 live They petitioned the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union to change the area's status from an Autonomous Oblast into an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which would be independent from the Georgian SSR. This decision was revoked by the Georgian Supreme Soviet. However, the separatists received the backing of the Soviet authorities.History of Georgia: From Ancient Times to the Present Day Nodar Asatiani Otar Janelidze Publishing House Petite 2009 9789941906367 428 This resulted in a lengthy legal battle between Russian officials in Moscow and Georgian officials in Tbilisi known as the War of Laws.Saparov Arsène From Conflict to Autonomy: The Making of the South Ossetian Autonomous Region 1918-1922 Europe-Asia Studies 2010 62 1 99–123 https://www.jstor.org/stable/27752421?seq=23 7 February 2024 0966-8136 Ultimately, no progress on the issue was made. On 20 September 1990 the Supreme Soviet of South Ossetia declared the Oblast's independence from Georgia as the "South Ossetian Soviet Democratic Republic", a constituent of the Soviet Union. The following day, the Georgian parliament declared that the declaration of independence was illegal. The newly "independent" South Ossetia scheduled elections to its Supreme Soviet which were held on 9 December 1990.38. Georgia/South Ossetia (1990-present) https://uca.edu/politicalscience/home/research-projects/dadm-project/europerussiacentral-asia-region/georgiasouth-ossetia-1990-present/ uca.edu 13 February 2024 13 February 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240213160551/https://uca.edu/politicalscience/home/research-projects/dadm-project/europerussiacentral-asia-region/georgiasouth-ossetia-1990-present/ dead THE TRADE DECISION; A Curfew Is Declared In the Soviet Caucasus https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/14/world/the-trade-decision-a-curfew-is-declared-in-the-soviet-caucasus.html The New York Times 13 February 2024 Results The elections took place at the same time as the 1990 Georgian Supreme Soviet election, resulting in conflicting zones of control and election participation. Voter turnout was reported to be 72%, which exceeded the Ossetian population of South Ossetia.Sammut Dennis Cvetkovski Nikola CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MATTERS https://www.vertic.org/media/Archived_Publications/Matters/Confidence_Building_Matters_No6.pdf vertic 13 February 2024 The members of the Supreme Soviet were members of the Communist Party of Georgia (CPG), since the CPG only declared its independence from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union on 8 December 1990, South Ossetian members of the party never attended its secession meeting, and remained loyal to the party in Moscow. In 1993 the communists would become the Communist Party of South Ossetia. However, more stringent Ossetian Nationalists were elected to the Soviet as independents.Starovoitova Galina SOVEREIGNTY AFTER EMPIRE https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/pwks19.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20160314203423/http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/pwks19.pdf dead March 14, 2016 United States Institute of Peace 13 February 2024Nelson Lynn D. Amonashvili Paata Voting and Political Attitudes in Soviet Georgia Soviet Studies 1992 44 4 687–697 https://www.jstor.org/stable/152203 0038-5859Chronology for Ossetians (South) in Georgia https://webarchive.archive.unhcr.org/20230519094557/https://www.refworld.org/docid/469f388dc.html United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 13 February 2024 Aftermath South Ossetia war (1991–1992) The situation in the region became increasingly chaotic in December 1990 and eventually led to the South Ossetia war. Towards the end of 1990, the situation for ethnic Georgians in Tskhinvali worsened sharply. There were reports of multiple cases of lootings and beatings committed both by Georgian and Ossetian paramilitaries. On 12 December 1990, gunmen driving a car in Tskhinvali opened fire from a submachine gun, killing three Georgians and wounding two in what has been described as a terrorist attack and an act of ethnic violence.https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1990/12/13/ethnic-fighting-kills-3-in-soviet-georgia-region/ba121f7d-2ec7-4e66-ab94-26668587a485/ Ethnic Fighting Kills 3 in Soviet Georgia Region The Washington Post 13 December 1990https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/14/world/the-trade-decision-a-curfew-is-declared-in-the-soviet-caucasus.html THE TRADE DECISION; A Curfew Is Declared In the Soviet Caucasus The New York Times 14 December 1990 Following this, Georgia declared a state of emergency in South Ossetia. The units of the Georgian MVD and the KGB entered the region to enforce the state of emergency. The commander of the Georgian Interior Ministry troops was appointed as mayor of Tskhinvali.Newspaper "Republic of Georgia", N5, 9 January 1991 (in Georgian) TASS reported on 28 December that some 2,000 people had stormed police headquarters in the South Ossetian capital, Tskhinvali, on 27 December and taken a group of Georgian policemen hostage. The hostages were released only after police set free a local man arrested for illegal possession of a firearm. By 1 January 1991, Ossetians had built barricades in Tskhinvali with concrete slabs, sandbags and trolley buses.https://www.rferl.org/a/the-1991-war-between-ethnic-georgians-and-south-ossetians-in-pictures/31034889.html Effects From South Ossetia War Linger 30 Years Later Radio Liberty 5 January 1991 In the first days of January 1991, several Georgian militiamen were assassinated in Tskhinvali.Cvetkovski Nikola Sammut Dennis https://www.vertic.org/media/Archived_Publications/Matters/Confidence_Building_Matters_No6.pdf Confidence-building matters: the Georgia-South Ossetia conflict March 1996 27 English On the night of 5 to 6 January 1991, the additional Georgian MVD units and the Georgian National Guard entered the city.Newspaper "Republic of Georgia", N5, 9 January 1991 (in Georgian) References Category:Elections in South Ossetia South Ossetia South Ossetia Parliamentary