2013 European floods

May–June floods in central Europe caused by heavy rainfall 2013 European floods Hochwasser Elbe 2013-06-10.jpg Flood in Havelberg, Germany, on 10 June 2013 May–June 2013 25http://www.lidovky.cz/povodne-2013-zatim-deset-potvrzenych-obeti-f1p-/zpravy-domov.aspx?c=A130607_164305_ln_domov_spa Smutná bilance povodní: 11 mrtvých Lidovky.cz Czech 2013-06-08 2013-06-09Neun Tote in den Nachbarländern (in German)"Insgesamt 8 Tote bei Hochwasser – Weiter Gefahr von Deichbrüchen", Badische Zeitung, 12 June 2013 Overall losses €12bn (US$ 16bn) insured loss in the region of €3bn (US$ 3.9bn).Floods dominate natural catastrophe statistics in first half of 2013 http://www.munichre.com/en/media_relations/press_releases/2013/2013_07_09_press_release.aspx 11 July 2013 Munich Re 9 July 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20130714234357/http://www.munichre.com/en/media_relations/press_releases/2013/2013_07_09_press_release.aspx 2013-07-14 dead thumbnail|245px|Overview map thumbnail|245px|Flooding in Passau, Bavaria where the Danube, Inn and Ilz rivers converge Extreme flooding in Central Europe began after several days of heavy rain in late May and early June 2013. Flooding and damages primarily affected south and east German states (Thuringia, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Lower Saxony, Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg), western regions of the Czech Republic (Bohemia), and Austria. In addition, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary were affected to a lesser extent.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-floods-centraleurope-idUSBRE9520H920130603 Czech capital on alert as floods swamp central Europe 3 June 2013 Reutershttp://zpravy.idnes.cz/zaplavy-v-nemecku-0mj-/zahranicni.aspx?c=A130602_144315_zahranicni_brm Povodně trápí celou střední Evropu, Dunaj stoupl v Pasově k deseti metrům 2 June 2013 Mladá fronta DNES iDNES Czech 2 June 2013 The flood crest progressed down the Elbe and Danube drainage basins and tributaries, leading to high water and flooding along their banks. Meteorological history The spring weather preceding the flooding had been wet in the region, and May 2013 had been one of the three wettest in the last 156 years in Austria, together with the years 1962 and 1965. Austria saw twice as much rainfall as average during the month,Update Starkregen und Rückblick Mai http://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/klima/news/update-starkregen-und-rueckblick-mai ZAMG 7 June 2013 German resulting in the ground in the region becoming saturated. Soils in Germany were showing record levels of moisture prior to the rains.SMOS Maps Record Soil Water Before Flood http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/The_Living_Planet_Programme/Earth_Explorers/SMOS/SMOS_maps_record_soil_water_before_flood 8 June 2013 European Space Agency 7 June 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20130609211725/http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/The_Living_Planet_Programme/Earth_Explorers/SMOS/SMOS_maps_record_soil_water_before_flood 2013-06-09 dead The already saturated soils led to greater runoff when the rains began. In the last ten days of May a low pressure system named "Christoffer" swung up from the Mediterranean across the Black Sea then across Ukraine and Poland to Northern Germany, eventually bringing a very moist, and warm airmass to Central Europe from north-east. http://www.storm2k.org/phpbb2/viewtopic.php?t=114969 Storm2k Late May saw a blocking high "Sabine" located over the Sole sea area to the west of the UK and France. This split the jet stream over Europe which maintained the weather pattern in Central Europe. 245px|thumbnail|right|Amount of rainfall within 72 hours (2 June 2013) Spring and summer flooding in Central Europe is commonly associated with the so-called "Zugstrasse Vb" track of low pressure areas, which bring low pressure and moist air from the Mediterranean Sea over Central Europe, and have led to severe flooding in the affected region before. Though later analysis found this flooding did not fit into this type.Grams C. M. Binder H. Pfahl S. Piaget N. Wernli H. Atmospheric processes triggering the central European floods in June 2013 Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 4 July 2014 14 7 1691–1702 10.5194/nhess-14-1691-2014 2014NHESS..14.1691G http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/14/1691/2014/nhess-14-1691-2014.html free 20.500.11850/88436 free Low pressure areas "Frederik" and "Günther" formed over the northern Adriatic and tracked north towards central Europe. The high pressure "Sabine" and low pressure areas brought an airflow from the north across Germany, which brought the water-laden air from the north east. The air mass was pushed to the south west by the northerly flow, where it was lifted as it moved south from the North European Plain over the Thuringian Forest, Ore Mountains, and Bohemian Forest. The air was then lifted along the north side of the Alps in Austria as the air masses were pushed into the Alps by the northerly flow, which led to intense orographic precipitation. Heavy rain was reported in the Austrian states of Vorarlberg and Tyrol and the area of Salzburg, and to the mountains of Upper Austria and Lower Austria and Upper Styria in a short time. On 30 May to 1 June, 150 to 200 mm of rain (150 to 200 mm in output only of rain) fell, in places reaching around 250 mm (250 mm in output only), which in just a few days was the equivalent normally seen over two and a half months on average.Extremer Dauerregen geht zu Ende http://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/wetter/news/extremer-dauerregen-geht-zu-ende 4 June 2013 ZAMG 2 June 2013 German The rainfall experienced in Austria has an expected return period of between 30 and 70 years. The bulk of the rain fell in only two days in Salzburg, Tyrol, and Vorarlberg, which is thought to have a return period of more than 100 years.Wetter beruhigt sich allmählich http://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/klima/news/wetter-beruhigt-sich-allmaehlich 4 June 2013 ZAMG 3 June 2013 Following the intense rain, sporadic showers and rainfall continued to raise the risk of further flooding but no rainfall of the intensity as that seen on 31 May-2 June occurred.Europe Flood Threat Continues http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/europe-flood-woes-persist-as-d/13965331 15 June 2013 Accuweather 8 June 2013 Some Flash flooding occurred in the Polish capital Warsaw on 9 June, as a result of thunderstorms.Dutton Liam Flash flooding hits Warsaw – video http://www.channel4.com/news/flash-flooding-hits-warsaw 15 June 2013 Channel 4 News 10 June 2013 The flood waters were expected to exceed the levels seen during the disastrous "once in a century" Central European floods of 2002 in some areas. In Bavaria and eastern Germany water levels significantly exceeded those of 2002 in many places on the Danube and Elbe. In Passau, at the confluence of the rivers Danube, Inn and Ilz, the highest water level since 1501 was recorded. In Dresden, by contrast, the old city center was largely spared, unlike in 2002. Thanks to better flood control, fewer dykes on the upper reaches of the Elbe broke than in 2002, but this meant that the flood wave further downstream was all the higher. In Magdeburg, the floods reached a record level. Climatological context Stefan Rahmstorf, a professor of ocean physics at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, stated that a low-pressure system that dumped the rain was locked into place by a disturbance with the global wind pattern. Linking the weather to the concurrent drought conditions in Russia, he said pressure systems stay locked in place, causing a persistent pattern of weather in an area. He also stated that this planetary wave resonance is not a local effect but spread around the whole (northern) hemisphere. When a “resonance” episode occurs, half a dozen peaks and troughs of high or low pressure form around the hemisphere. This explains why some parts of the world become unseasonably hot or cold and others unusually dry or rainy.Petoukhov V. Rahmstorf, S. Petri, S. Schellnhuber, H. J. Quasiresonant amplification of planetary waves and recent Northern Hemisphere weather extremes Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2013 110 14 5336–5341 10.1073/pnas.1222000110 23457264 http://www.pik-potsdam.de/~stefan/Publications/Nature/Petoukhov%2BPNAS_2013.pdf 8 June 2013 2013PNAS..110.5336P 3619331 free According to The Inquirer/Agence France-Presse, the resonance hypothesis has been widely discussed among climate scientists, but has met resistance among experts who are wary of associating single extreme-weather events with climate change; the European Environment Agency cautioned that more data were needed to confirm it.Climate and land use: Europe's floods raise questions http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/421263/climate-and-land-use-europes-floods-raise-questions 8 June 2013 Inquirer News (Agence France-Presse) 5 June 2013The article names no critic of the hypothesis, only quoting the EEA that more data is needed January 2015 Climate scientists have estimated that the flooding regime, which has prior inflicted severe flooding once every 50 years, to become more frequent, and cause severe flooding once every 30 years. http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/europes-flood-losses-to-soar-by-2050/ Scientific American Scientific American The cost of flooding in the European continent, which currently causes an estimated 4.9 billion Euros of damage per year, is expected to increase to 23.5 billion Euros per year. http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v4/n4/full/nclimate2124.html Nature Nature Climate Change April 2014 4 4 264–268 10.1038/nclimate2124 Jongman Brenden Hochrainer-Stigler Stefan Feyen Luc Aerts Jeroen C. J. H. Mechler Reinhard Botzen W. J. Wouter Bouwer Laurens M. Pflug Georg Rojas Rodrigo Ward Philip J. subscription Hydrological development The Austrian meteorological center (ZAMG) said Austria had experienced at the beginning of June as much rain in two days as it normally would in two months. Train lines in many parts of northwest Austria were suspended on 1 June due to landslides according to Austrian Federal Railways. The town of Ettenau was evacuated, while one person in Sankt Johann im Pongau near Salzburg was caught in a mudslide and died. Rail services between Munich and the Austrian city of Salzburg also were suspended. One section of a Swiss motorway was shut down due to flooding, along with many smaller roads throughout the country. Swiss officials said water levels were still rising and landslides remained a risk, although the general situation was under control. Elbe basin thumbnail|Elbe drainage basin The upper areas of the Elbe basin saw heavy rainfall, with the Vltava (Czech Republic) and the Saale (Germany) tributaries flooding. Vltava river In the Czech capital Prague, floodwaters covered the esplanades along the Vltava, which on 3 June flowed at a rate of 3200 m3/s on, compared to the almost 5000 m3/s on in the devastating floods of 2002.Prague spared worst of flooding as north Bohemia remains on high alert http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/prague-spared-worst-of-flooding-as-north-bohemia-remains-on-high-alert 15 June 2013 Radio Praha 4 June 2013https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-22752544 Thousands flee as central Europe flood waters rise 3 June 2013 BBC News 3 June 2013 Parts of all three city metro lines were closed. The transit authority provided alternative transport in the form of buses and special trams.News http://www.radio.cz/en/section/news/news-2013-06-03 3 June 2013 Radio Praha 3 June 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20130804231911/http://www.radio.cz/en/section/news/news-2013-06-03 2013-08-04 dead Heavy machinery was brought in to protect the historic Charles Bridge in the city, as a digger with an extended 17 m on long arm was used to clear debris from accumulating at the bridge. One thousand troops from the Czech Army were called in to help build flood defenses. Fire fighters helped evacuate more than 7,000 people on 2–3 June from areas hit by the floods, in the region of central, northern and western Bohemia, including parts of the Czech capital. In Prague, the Hostivař and Záběhlice neighborhoods in the southeast of the city were flooded. Hundreds of homes in Modřany and Zbraslav in the south of the city were also evacuated while some people in Lahovice and Velká Chuchle were rescued by helicopter. The tigers at Prague Zoo were tranquilised and moved out of their enclosure, which was at risk from flooding. The Czech government declared a state of emergency in seven regions of the country including Prague, in response to the floods.http://www.praguepost.com/news/16402-heavy-flooding-reaches-prague-%5Bvideo%5D.html Heavy flooding reaches Prague [VIDEO] 3 June 2013 The Prague Post 3 June 2013 3 June 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20130603195808/http://www.praguepost.com/news/16402-heavy-flooding-reaches-prague-%5Bvideo%5D.html dead Petr Nečas, the Czech prime minister, announced on 4 June that the government will release 4 billion CZK (€ 155m, £ 133m, $ 203m) from the state reserves to repair the damage.http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ct24/ekonomika/230068-necas-na-povodnove-skody-jsou-v-rozpoctu-vyhrazeny-4-miliardy/ Nečas: Na povodňové škody jsou v rozpočtu vyhrazeny 4 miliardy 4 June 2013 Czech Television Czech 5 June 2013 More than 19,000 people were evacuated in the Czech Republic (as of 5 June 2013).http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/303937-on-line-velka-voda-vyhnala-z-domovu-19-tisic-lidi.html ON-LINE: Velká voda vyhnala z domovů 19 tisíc lidí 5 June 2013 novinky.cz Czech 5 June 2013 In Prague the Staropramen Brewery on the river bank was closed as a protective measure, along with several major chemical factories, including Spolana, which had released dangerous toxic chemicals into the Elbe during the devastating floods of 2002.Rising David German troops sent in to help its flooded cities http://www.sbsun.com/ci_23382920/flooded-rivers-threaten-german-cities?source=most_viewed https://archive.today/20130616021037/http://www.sbsun.com/ci_23382920/flooded-rivers-threaten-german-cities?source=most_viewed dead 16 June 2013 4 June 2013 The San Bernardino Sun 4 June 2013 Saale river In the state of Saxony-Anhalt, the Saale river also caused concern, with officials fearing that it might rise even higher than in 2002. In the area around Halle alone, authorities told some 30,000 people to evacuate their homes, the Saale river, a tributary of the Elbe, had risen 26 ft above its normal level. In Halle one of the city's main sources of tourist income is the Handel music festival, which was called off.Patterson Tony In Halle, the birthplace of Handel, 'Water Music' has a new resonance: Horrendous floods have left people fighting for their homes – and their lives https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/nature/in-halle-the-birthplace-of-handel-water-music-has-a-new-resonance-horrendous-floods-have-left-people-fighting-for-their-homes--and-their-lives-8648348.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/nature/in-halle-the-birthplace-of-handel-water-music-has-a-new-resonance-horrendous-floods-have-left-people-fighting-for-their-homes--and-their-lives-8648348.html 2022-05-01 subscription live 11 June 2013 The Independent 6 June 2013 Elbe river thumbnail|Flooding in Magdeburg city centre on the river Elbe thumbnail|Time lapse of floodwaters of the river Elbe near Pirna, time frame: June 4–18, 2013 In the state of Saxony, the old town of Grimma, on the Mulde tributary was under meters of water. Authorities were concerned about the Elbe river; in Dresden one of the bridges across the river was closed to traffic.Hengst Björn Historic High Water: Passau Suffers Worst Flood in 500 Years http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/german-city-of-passau-suffers-worst-flood-in-500-years-a-903684.html 4 June 2013 Der Spiegel 4 June 2013 In the city of Magdeburg, authorities declared a state of emergency and said they expected the Elbe river to rise higher than in 2002.Merkel pledges €100 million in flood aid http://www.thelocal.de/national/20130604-50085.html 4 June 2013 The Local (de) 4 June 2013 In Magdeburg with water levels of 5 m in above normal about 23,000 residents had to leave their homes on 9 June.Thousands evacuated as Elbe bursts dam in German floods 10 June 2013 In the area surrounding the city of Leipzig, some 6,000 people had to be evacuated on 4 June. In Zwickau, Saxony the Volkswagen factory had to stop its car production, a spokesman said 3 June early shift had been asked to stay at home, with damage done to transport infrastructure raising fears that suppliers would not be able to deliver their products in time. The factory was able to resume production by 4 June. German armed forces were able to protect chemical production facilities in the Middle German Chemical Triangle from the floods. Danube basin thumb|right|200px|Flooding in Budapest, Hungary on 5 June 2013 The historic center of Passau, where the Danube, Inn and Ilz converge, was underwater on 1 June 2013,Deadly Floods hit Germany and Central Europe http://www.dw.de/deadly-floods-hit-germany-and-central-europe/a-16854599 3 June 2013 Deutsche Welle 2 June 2013 with the water levels reaching 12.85 m on, overflowing the highest recorded historic flood level.ert http://zpravy.idnes.cz/povodne-ve-stredni-evrope-09u-/zahranicni.aspx?c=A130603_080404_zahranicni_ert Dunaj v Pasově překonal historický rekord, povodně porouchaly vodoměr – iDNES.cz Zpravy.idnes.cz 3 June 2013 2013-06-07http://www.insurancejournal.com/news/international/2013/06/04/294260.htm Central Europe Hit by Rains, Floods and Landslides: AIR Analysis Insurancejournal.com 4 June 2013 2013-06-07 After a dike failed near the town of Deggendorf, water levels rose to a record-breaking 8 m in. The town flooded and in places buildings were 2 m in underwater. In the Fischerdorf area of the town, water lapped at second-storey windows. Some residents refused to evacuate, fearful of looting and not wanting to leave their lives behind. The town's fire station was underwater, with car dealerships holding millions of euros worth of vehicles destroyed.Deggendorf devastated: Danube floods town http://www.thelocal.de/national/20130607-50163.html 11 June 2013 The Local (de) 7 June 2013 Flooding affected German businesses with Krones, a bottling and packaging manufacturing company, shutting down production in two plants in upper Bavaria, as workers were unable to get to work on the inundated roads.Wenkel Rolf Floods hit Germany at economic low point http://www.dw.de/floods-hit-germany-at-economic-low-point/a-16858079 4 June 2013 Deutsche Welle 4 June 2013 The entire Austrian stretch of the Danube saw all shipping halted.Hovet Jason Czech capital on alert as floods swamp central Europe https://www.reuters.com/article/us-floods-centraleurope-idUSBRE9520H920130603 3 June 2013 Reuters 3 June 2013 Jana Mlcochova Budapest, Bratislava, and other river cities along the Danube enacted emergency preparations. In Bratislava, the Danube peaked with a volumetric flow rate of 10530 m3/s on, which is the highest flow rate ever recorded in Bratislava.http://www.sme.sk/c/6826683/minuta-po-minute-dunaj-v-bratislave-kulminuje-vo-vyske-1030-cm.html Povodne vo štvrtok: Dunaj v Bratislave pozvoľne klesá, vlna smeruje nižšie SME.sk 2013-06-07 In Hungary, the Prime Minister Viktor Orbán declared a state of emergency in some areas along the Danube, which was expected to peak 5 June in western areas and hit Budapest the following weekend. He announced the government had mobilized 8,000 soldiers, 8,000 emergency personnel, 1,400 water management experts, and 3,600 police officers to deal with the situation. Rhine river Flooding along the Rhine watershed was less severe in terms of flood damage. Shipping was halted on extensive stretches of the Rhine, Main, and Neckar rivers. Reaction thumb|Flooding in Prague, Czech Republic on 2 June 2013 The European Commission stated that help would be available to the victims of the current flooding through the European Union Solidarity Fund, which it set up after the last major floods to hit the region in 2002.Merkel pledges immediate support as floods travel north http://www.dw.de/merkel-pledges-immediate-support-as-floods-travel-north/a-16857351 4 June 2013 Deutsche Welle 4 June 2013 The floods led to the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters being activated, which provides a unified system of data acquisition and delivery to those affected by disasters.Flood Mapping Through the International Charter http://spaceinimages.esa.int/Images/2013/06/Flood_mapping_through_the_International_Charter 8 June 2013 European Space Agency 7 June 2013 On June 3, the German Federal civil protection authorities triggered the Copernicus Emergency Mapping Service via the European Commission's Emergency Response Centre.Current floods in central Europe: awareness and monitoring https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/current-floods-central-europe-awareness-and-monitoring-9998?search 8 June 2013 European Commission, Joint Research Centre 6 June 2013 Insurance industry specialists said they expected insurance losses to fall short of the last big floods to hit the region in 2002, some areas experienced higher waters, but investment over the previous ten years has meant that flood defenses in a number of locations worked better than in 2002.Europe's insurers seen escaping brunt of flood damage http://in.reuters.com/article/floods-insurance-idINL5N0EH32120130605 https://web.archive.org/web/20160306214706/http://in.reuters.com/article/floods-insurance-idINL5N0EH32120130605 dead March 6, 2016 8 June 2013 Reuters 5 June 2013 Fatalities Twenty-five deaths were recorded as a result of the floods; eleven in the Czech Republic, six in Austria, and eight in Germany. See also List of floods in Europe German Flood Service Medal (2013) Effects of this flood on soil microarthropod communities in Response of collembola and acari communities to summer flooding in a grassland plant diversity experiment by González-Macé & Scheu (2018).González-Macé Odette Scheu Stefan 2018-08-30 Response of Collembola and Acari communities to summer flooding in a grassland plant diversity experiment PLOS ONE en 13 8 e0202862 10.1371/journal.pone.0202862 1932-6203 6117009 30161191 2018PLoSO..1302862G free References 30em External links Animation of rainfall in Europe 29 May- 1 June https://archive.today/20130616020736/http://geo.ku.dk/earthobservation Earth Observation Group el University of Copenhagen. NASA Earth Observatory, Image of the Day: Flooding in Eastern Germany International Charter Space and Major Disasters, Images and Image products delivered under the charter for 2013 Floods in Germany. Copernicus Emergency Management Service mapping: Czech Republic Germany Hungary Kristalina Georgieva, EU Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection: Floods in Central Europe EU Emergency Response Centre state of play maps summarising the flood situation in Central Europe: 5 June 2013 6 June 2013 10 June 2013 11 June 2013 12 June 2013 13 June 2013 14 June 2013 17 June 2013 DWD's chronological overview from 29 May to 2 June 2013September 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes DWD's Meteorological report (in German)September 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes European Floods, 2013 European Floods, 2013 Category:Danube Category:Elbe Category:Articles containing video clips Category:May 2013 in Europe Category:June 2013 in Europe