1986 in science

none February 2012 1986 science 1986 The year 1986 in science and technology involved many significant events, some not listed below. Astronomy and space exploration January 24 – NASA Voyager 2 space probe makes first encounter with Uranus. January 28 – NASA Space Shuttle Challenger explodes on launch, killing all seven astronauts aboard. Their bodies are located by United States Navy divers on March 9. February 19 – The Soviet Union launches the Mir space station. March 8 – Japanese spacecraft Suisei flies by Halley's Comet, studying its UV hydrogen corona and solar wind. October 10 – Aten asteroid 3753 Cruithne, in co-orbital configuration with Earth, is identified by Duncan Waldron. Biology May – First reported methods for constructing a monoclonal antibody containing parts from mouse and human antibodies, a required first step toward the development of humanized antibodies used later as medical therapeutics (such as Infliximab).Jones, Peter T. Dear, Paul H. Foote, Jefferson Neuberger, Michael S. Winter, Greg 1986 Replacing the complementarity-determining regions in a human antibody with those from a mouse Nature 321 6069 522–525 3713831 10.1038/321522a0 1986Natur.321..522J 4315811 Waldman Thomas A. 2003 Immunotherapy: past, present and future Nature Medicine 9 269–277 3 10.1038/nm0303-269 12612576 9745527 free English epidemiologist David Barker proposes his fetal origins hypothesis.Barker David Osmond C. Infant mortality, childhood nutrition and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales The Lancet London 1986 1077–1081 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)91340-1 2871345 327 8489 35375657 Computer science January 16 – The Internet Engineering Task Force, a standards organization that develops and promotes Internet standards, holds its first meeting, consisting of 21 United States government-funded researchers. January 19 – The first MS-DOS-based personal computer virus, Brain, starts to spread.https://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/01/19/pc_virus_at_20/ PC virus celebrates 20th birthday Leyden John January 19, 2006 The Register July 29, 2011 April 3 – IBM unveils the PC Convertible, the first laptop computer. June 23 – Eric Thomas develops LISTSERV, the first email list management software.1986 https://www.nic.funet.fi/index/FUNET/history/internet/en/1986.html 2013-01-25 Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) is visualized by Mark Crispin. 3D printing is developed by Charles Hull. Pixar is founded. Mathematics Summer – Kenneth Alan Ribet demonstrates proof of the ε-conjecture, subsequently known as Ribet's theoremKen Ribet On modular representations of Gal(Q/Q) arising from modular forms Inventiones Mathematicae 100 1990 2 431–471 https://math.berkeley.edu/~ribet/Articles/invent_100.pdf 1990InMat.100..431R 10.1007/BF01231195 10.1007/BF01231195 120614740 confirming Gerhard Frey's suggestion that the Taniyama–Shimura conjecture implies Fermat's Last Theorem.Frey Gerhard Links between stable elliptic curves and certain Diophantine equations 853387 1986 Annales Universitatis Saraviensis. Series Mathematicae 0933-8268 1 1 iv+40 Lawrence Paulson makes the first release of Isabelle (proof assistant).10.1016/0743-1066(86)90015-4 Natural deduction as higher-order resolution The Journal of Logic Programming 3 3 1986 Paulson L. C. 237–258 cs/9301104 27085090 Lee Sallows introduces the alphamagic square.http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/alphamagic_square.html alphamagic square Encyclopedia of Science 2012-05-12 October 10, 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171010024434/http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/alphamagic_square.html dead Technology January 11 – The Gateway Bridge is opened in Brisbane, Australia, the world's largest prestressed concrete single box bridge. April 26 – Chernobyl disaster: An RBMK at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic reaches prompt criticality. December 23 – Rutan Voyager becomes the first aircraft to fly around the world without stopping or refueling, landing at Edwards Air Force Base in California after a nine-day trip piloted by Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager. Awards Crafoord Prize in Geosciences: Gerald Wasserburg and Claude Jean Allègre Fields Prize in Mathematics: Simon Donaldson, Gerd Faltings and Michael Freedman Nobel Prizes Physics – Ernst Ruska, Gerd Binnig, Heinrich Rohrer Chemistry – Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John C. Polanyi Medicine – Stanley Cohen, Rita Levi-Montalcini Turing Award – John Hopcroft, Robert Tarjan Wollaston Medal for Geology – Claude Jean Allègre Births November 8 – Aaron Swartz (suicide 2013), American computer programmer and Internet hactivist. Deaths thumb|Crew of NASA Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-51-L January 7 – Rex Wailes (b. 1901), English engineer and historian of technology. January 28 Crew of United States Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-51-L: Greg Jarvis (b. 1944) Christa McAuliffe (b. 1948) Ronald McNair (b. 1950) Ellison Onizuka (b. 1946) Judith Resnik (b. 1949) Dick Scobee (b. 1939) Michael J. Smith (b. 1945) Dorothée Pullinger (b. 1894), French-born British production engineer. April 22 – Dame Honor Fell (b. 1900), English biologist. July 6 – William Rashkind (b. 1922), American cardiologist. July 21 – Zhang Yuzhe (b. 1902), Chinese astronomer. October 22 – Albert Szent-Györgyi (b. 1893), Hungarian physiologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. October 31 – Edward Adelbert Doisy (b. 1893), American biochemist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. June 7 – Robert S. Mulliken (b. 1896), American physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. November 25 – Sir Ivan Magill (b. 1888), British anesthesiologist. References 30em Category:20th century in science Category:1980s in science