1285 papal election

Election of Catholic Pope Honorius IV 1285 true 1–2 April 1285 Perugia Ordonho Alvares Anchero Pantaleone Giacomo Savelli 1 Giacomo Savelli Honorius IV 1280–81 1280–1281 papal_election 1287–88 1287–1288 papal_election The 1285 papal election, convened in Viterbo after the death of Pope Martin IV, elected Cardinal Giacomo Savelli, who took the name Honorius IV. Because of the suspension of the apostolic constitution Ubi periculum by Adrian V in 1276, this election was technically not a papal conclave. In fact, for the first time since the tedious papal election of 1268–1271, the meetings were dominated neither by the Hohenstaufen nor Charles I of Naples (who had died on January 7, 1285). It may even be that the cardinals proceeded so swiftly to an election with the intention of forestalling any intervention from Naples. Participants Pope Martin IV, who was living at Perugia, never having visited the city of Rome, was stricken ill with a slow fever on Easter Sunday, March 25, and died on March 28, 1285. At that time, there were 18 living cardinals in the Sacred College, though three of them were away as Legates and were not notified in time. Fifteen of them participated in the election of his successor: Elector Nationality Cardinalatial title Elevated Elevator NotesOrdonho AlvaresPortugueseBishop of Frascati1278, March 12Nicholas IIIDean of the Sacred College of CardinalsBentivenga dei Bentivenghi, O.F.M.ItalianBishop of Albano1278, March 12Nicholas IIIGrand penitentiaryLatino Malabranca Orsini, O.P.ItalianBishop of Ostia e Velletri1278, March 12Nicholas III Inquisitor General of the Papal InquisitionGirolamo Masci, O.F.M.ItalianBishop of Palestrina1278, March 12Nicholas IIIAnchero PantaleoneFrenchPriest of S. Prassede1262, May 22Urban IVProtopriest of the Sacred College of CardinalsHugh of EveshamEnglishPriest of S. Lorenzo in Lucina1281, April 12Martin IVGervais Jeancolet de ClinchampFrenchPriest of SS. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti1281, April 12Martin IVCosmo Glusano de CasateItalianPriest of SS. Marcellino e Pietro1281, April 12Martin IVGeoffroy de BarFrenchPriest of S. Susanna1281, April 12Martin IVGiacomo SavelliItalianDeacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin1261, December 17Urban IVProtodeacon of the Sacred College of Cardinals. Elected as Pope Honorius IVGoffredo da AlatriItalianDeacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro1261, December 17Urban IVMatteo Rosso OrsiniItalianDeacon of S. Maria in Portico Octaviae1262, May 22Urban IVArchpriest of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica; Cardinal-protector of the Order of FranciscansGiordano OrsiniItalianDeacon of S. Eustachio1278, March 12Nicholas IIIGiacomo ColonnaItalianDeacon of S. Maria in Via Lata; commendatario of S. Marcello and S. Maria in Aquiro1278, March 12Nicholas IIIArchpriest of the patriarchal Liberian BasilicaBenedetto CaetaniItalianDeacon of S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano1281, April 12Martin IV Absentee cardinals Three cardinals were absent: Elector Nationality Cardinalatial Title Elevated Elevator NotesGerardo BianchiItalianBishop of Sabina1278, March 12Nicholas IIIPapal Legate in the Kingdom of SicilyBernard LanguisselFrenchBishop of Porto e Santa Rufina1281, April 12Martin IVPapal Legate in Lombardy and TuscanyJean CholetFrenchPriest of S. Cecilia1281, April 12Martin IVPapal Legate in France The election of Pope Honorius IV Fifteen cardinals assembled in the episcopal residence at Perugia on April 1, three days after the death of Martin IV. This was according to the ancient custom, rather than the Constitution "Ubi Periculum" (1274) of Pope Gregory X. In the first scrutiny on the following day, they unanimously elected Cardinal Giacomo Savelli, prior Diacanorum of the College of Cardinals. Although he was already 75 years old, Savelli accepted his election and took the name of Honorius IV. His election and acceptance were even more surprising since he was suffering from a severe case of arthritis. He could only get around on crutches, and he had to have a special chair designed for him so that he could be seated at the altar during Mass, and have his arm supported so that he could raise the host at the consecration. He left Perugia for Rome at some point after April 25, 1285, where his election had been welcomed because he was a leading aristocrat of the Eternal City. His father had been Senator of Rome in 1266. He took up residence at the family estate on the Aventine Hill, next to the Church of Santa Sabina.His predecessor Martin IV (Simon de Brion) was French, and he was not able to visit Rome during his ponticate because of the enmity of Romans who were led by committed Ghibbelines. See Robert Brentano, Rome before Avignon: A Social History of Thirteenth Century Rome (Berkeley-Los Angeles: U. California 1974), pp. 143-144, 183-184. On May 19 the new Pope was ordained to the priesthood in the Vatican Basilica. On the following day, he was consecrated bishop by Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia Latino Malabranca Orsini and solemnly crowned by Cardinal Goffredo da Alatri, who became new protodeacon of the Sacred College. Notes Bibliography Bernhard Pawlicki, Papst Honorius IV. Eine Monographie (Münster 1896). Ferdinand Gregorovius, History of Rome in the Middle Ages, Volume V.2, second edition, revised (London: George Bell, 1906). External links Sede Vacante and Conclave of 1285 (Dr. J. P. Adams). Papal election of 1285 The Catholic Encyclopedia: Honorius IV collapsed Catholicism Christianity Vatican City y Biblical Studies/Christianity/Roman Catholicism/History y Category:Papal conclave y Category:Roman Catholic Church y Category:Popes y Category:Popes y Category:Christian History y Pope y 1285 Category:13th-century elections Category:1285 in Christianity Category:13th century in Catholicism Category:1285 in Europe