1970 Pakistani general election

none July 2016 July 2026 Pakistan parliamentary 1965 1977 300 of the 313 seats in the National Assembly 151 7 December 1970 56,941,500 57.96% Official Portrait of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.jpg Sheikh Mujibur Rahman All-Pakistan Awami League 12,937,162 39.20% 167 Z A Bhutto (President of Pakistan).jpg Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Pakistan Peoples Party 86 6,148,923 18.63% Head of government Prime Minister Yahya Khan Martial law Nurul Amin Pakistan Democratic Party Pakistan 1970.png Results by constituency General elections were held in Pakistan on 7 December 1970 to elect members of the National Assembly. They were the first direct general elections since the independence of Pakistan and ultimately the only ones held prior to the independence of Bangladesh. Voting took place in 300 general constituencies, of which 162 were in East Pakistan and 138 in West Pakistan. A further thirteen seats were reserved for women (seven of which were in East Pakistan and six of which were in West Pakistan), who were to be elected by members of the National Assembly.Craig Baxter Craig Baxter March 1971 Pakistan Votes -- 1970 https://www.jstor.org/stable/3024655 Asian Survey 11 3 197–218 10.2307/3024655 3024655 0004-4687 subscription The elections were a fierce contest between two social democratic parties, the west-based Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and the east-based All-Pakistan Awami League. The Awami League was the sole major party in the east wing, while in the west wing, the PPP faced severe competition from the conservative factions of the Muslim League, the largest of which was the Muslim League (Qayyum), as well as Islamist parties like Jamaat-e-Islami (JI), Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI), and Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (JUP). The result was a victory for the Awami League, which gained an absolute majority, winning 160 of the 162 general seats and all seven women's seats in East Pakistan. The PPP won only 81 general seats and five women's seats, all in West Pakistan. In the provincial elections held ten days later, the Awami League again dominated in East Pakistan, while the PPP were the winning party in Punjab and Sindh. The Marxist National Awami Party emerged victorious in Northwest Frontier Province and Balochistan. The National Assembly was initially not inaugurated as President Yahya Khan and the PPP chairman Zulfikar Ali Bhutto did not want a party from East Pakistan in the federal government.1970 polls: When election results created a storm https://www.dawn.com/news/686541/1970-polls-when-election-results-created-a-storm Dawn 8 January 2012 Instead, Yahya appointed the veteran Bengali politician Nurul Amin as Prime Minister, asking him to reach a compromise between the PPP and Awami League. However, this move failed as the delay in inauguration had already caused significant unrest in East Pakistan. The situation deteriorated further when Operation Searchlight occurred under the orders of Yahya, resulting in a civil war that led to the formation of the independent state of Bangladesh.History: Bhutto, Mujib and the generals https://www.dawn.com/news/1392750 Dawn 4 May 2019 The Assembly was eventually inaugurated in 1972 after Yahya resigned and handed power to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Bhutto became prime minister in 1973 after the post was recreated by a new constitution. Background On 23 March 1956, Pakistan changed from being a Dominion of the British Commonwealth and became an Islamic republic after framing its own constitution. Although the first general elections were scheduled for early 1959, severe political instability led President Iskander Mirza to abrogate the constitution on 7 October 1958. Mirza imposed martial law and handed power to the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, General Muhammad Ayub Khan. After assuming the presidency, President Ayub Khan promoted himself to the rank of field marshal and appointed General Muhammad Musa Khan as the new commander-in-chief. On 17 February 1960, President Ayub Khan appointed a commission under Muhammad Shahabuddin, the Chief Justice of Pakistan, to report a political framework for the country. The commission submitted its report on 29 April 1961, and, on the basis of this report, a new constitution was framed on 1 March 1962. The new constitution declared the country the Republic of Pakistan and brought about a presidential system of government, replacing the parliamentary system of the 1956 constitution. The electoral system was made indirect, and the "basic democrats" were declared the electoral college for the purpose of electing members of the National and Provincial Assemblies. Under the new system, presidential elections were held on 2 January 1965, which resulted in a victory for Ayub Khan. As years went by, political opposition against President Ayub Khan mounted. In East Pakistan, leader of the Awami League, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, was one of the key leaders to rally opposition to President Ayub Khan. In 1966, he began the Six point movement for East Pakistani autonomy.May 2023 In 1968 Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was charged with sedition after the government of President Ayub Khan accused him of conspiring with India against the stability of Pakistan.https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 190 While a conspiracy between Mujib and India for East Pakistan's secession was not itself conclusively proven,https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 193 The Agartala contacts however did not provide solid evidence of a Mujib-India secessionist conspiracy in East Pakistan it is known that Mujib and the Awami League had held secret meetings with Indian government officials in 1962 and after the 1965 war.https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 190 It is now clear that Mujib did hold secret discussions with local Indian leaders there in July 1962. Moreover, following the 1965 war there were meetings between Awami League leaders and representatives of the Indian Government at a number of secret locations. This case led to an uprising in East Pakistan, which consisted of a series of mass demonstrations and sporadic conflicts between the government forces and protesters. In West Pakistan, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who served as foreign minister under President Ayub Khan, resigned from his office and founded the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in 1967. The socialist political party took up opposition to President Ayub Khan as well. Ayub Khan succumbed to political pressure on 26 March 1969 and handed power to the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan. President Yahya Khan imposed martial law, and the 1962 Constitution was abrogated. On 31 March 1970, President Yahya Khan announced a Legal Framework Order (LFO) that called for direct elections for a unicameral legislature. Many in the west feared the east wing's demand for countrywide provincial autonomy.https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 193 When this duly arrived. the western wing's nightmare scenario materialised: either a constitutional deadlock, or the imposition in the whole of the country of the Bengalis' longstanding commitment to unfettered democracy and provincial autonomy. The purpose of the LFO was to secure the future constitution, which would be written after the electionhttps://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 193 Yahya had made some provision to safeguard the constitutional outcome through the promulgation of the Legal Framework Order (LFO) on 30 March 1970. It set a deadline of 120 days for the framing of a constitution by the National Assembly and reserved to the President the right to authenticate it. so that it would include safeguards such as preserving Pakistan's territorial integrity and Islamic ideology.https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 194 It would also have to enshrine the following five principles: an Islamic ideology...and internal affairs and the preservation of the territorial integrity of the country The integrated province of West Pakistan, formed on 22 November 1954, was abolished, and four provinces were retrieved: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and the North-West Frontier Province. The principles of representation was made on the basis of population, and since East Pakistan had more people than the combined population of the four provinces of West Pakistan, the former got more than half the seats in the National Assembly. Yahya Khan ignored reports that Sheikh Mujib planned to disregard the LFO and that India was increasingly interfering in East Pakistan.https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 194 He also refused to countenance intelligence service reports both of Mujib's aim to tear up the LFO after the elections and establish Bangladesh and of India's growing involvement in the affairs of East Pakistan. Nor did he believe that the Awami League would actually sweep the elections in East Pakistan.https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 193 From November 1969 until the announcement of the national election results, he discounted the possibility of an Awami League landslide in East Pakistan. A month before the elections, the Bhola cyclone struck East Pakistan. This was the deadliest tropical cyclone in world history, killing an estimated 250,000-500,000 people. The government was severely criticised for its response to the disaster. Parties and candidates The general elections of 1970 are considered one of the fairest and cleanest elections in the history of Pakistan, with about twenty-four political parties taking part. The Awami League, a Bengali nationalist party, dominated East Pakistan, while in the West the Pakistan Peoples Party, a leftist and nominally democratic socialist party, was a major power. The Pakistani government supported the pro-Islamic parties since they were committed to strong federalism.https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 196 The regime also increasingly favoured the Islam pasand (Islam loving) parties because of their conservatism and attachment to the idea of a strong central government The Jamaat-e-Islami suspected that the Awami League had secessionist intentions.https://archive.org/details/pakistanmodernhi00talb registration Pakistan: A Modern History Ian Talbot St. Martin's Press 1998 978-0-312-21606-1 196 The JI itself warned that an Awami League victory would mean the disintegration of Pakistan. Election campaign in East Pakistan left|thumb|Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and leaders of Awami League listening to the 1970 election result. The continuous public meetings of the Awami League in East Pakistan and the Pakistan Peoples Party in Western Pakistan attracted huge crowds. The Awami League, a Bengali nationalist party, mobilised support in East Pakistan on the basis of its Six-Points Program (SPP), which was the main attraction in the party's manifesto. In East Pakistan, a huge majority of the Bengali nation favoured the Awami League, under Sheikh Mujib. The party received a huge percentage of the popular vote in East Pakistan and emerged as the largest party in the nation as a whole, gaining the exclusive mandate of Pakistan in terms of both seats and votes. The Pakistan Peoples Party failed to win any seats in the east. On the other hand, the Awami League failed to garner any seats in the west.Owen Bennett-Jones Owen Bennett-Jones Pakistan: Eye of the Storm 2003 Yale University Press 161–162 978-0-300-10147-8 The Awami League's failure to win any seats in the west was used by the leftists led by Zulfikar Bhutto, who argued that Mujib had received "no mandate or support from West Pakistan" (ignoring the fact that he himself did not win any seat in East Pakistan).May 2024 Bhutto uttered his infamous phrase "idhar hum, udhar tum" (We rule here, you rule there) – thus dividing Pakistan for the first time orally.https://tribune.com.pk/story/545869/idhar-hum-udhar-tum-abbas-athar-remembered/ Idhar hum, udhar tum: Abbas Athar remembered - The Express Tribune 2013-05-08 The Express Tribune 2017-04-24 en-US Some Bengalis sided with the Pakistan Peoples' Party and tacitly or openly supported Bhutto and the democratic socialists, such as Jalaludin Abdur Rahim, an influential Bengali in Pakistan and mentor of BhuttoMay 2024 who was later jailed by Bhutto. Jamat-e-Islami, while supporting allowing the Awami League to form a government, was also against the fragmentation of the country. Conversely, several prominent figures from West Pakistan supported allowing the Awami League to rule, including the poet Faiz Ahmad Faiz and rights activist Malik Ghulam Jilani, father of Asma Jahangir, G. M. Syed the founder of Sindhi nationalist party Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz (JSQM), and Abul Ala Maududi, the leader of Jamat-e-Islami. Elections in West Pakistan However, the political position in West Pakistan was completely different from East Pakistan. In West Pakistan, the population was divided between different ideological forces. The right-wing parties, led by Abul Maududi, raised the religious slogans and initially campaigned on an Islamic platform, further promising to enforce Sharia laws in the country. Meanwhile, the founding party of Pakistan and the national conservative Muslim League, which was divided into three factions (QML, CML, MLC), campaigned on a nationalist platform, promising to initiate the Jinnah reforms as originally envisioned by Jinnah and others in the 1940s. The factions, however, criticised each other for disobeying the rules laid down by the country's founding father. The dynamic leadership and charismatic personality of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was highly active and influential in West Pakistan during these days. Bhutto's ideas and the famous slogan "Roti Kapra Aur Makaan" ("Food, Clothing and Shelter") attracted poor communities, students, and the working class to his party. Under Bhutto's leadership the democratic left gathered and united into one party platform for the first time in Pakistan's history. Bhutto and the left-leaning elements attracted the people of the West to participate and vote for the Peoples Party based on a broad hope for a better future for their children and families. As compared to the right-wing and conservatives in West Pakistan, Bhutto and his allies won most of the popular vote, becoming the pre-eminent players in the politics of the West. Nominations A total of 1,957 candidates filed nomination papers for the 300 National Assembly seats. After scrutiny and withdrawals, 1,579 eventually contested the elections. The Awami League ran 170 candidates, of whom 162 were for constituencies in East Pakistan. Jamaat-e-Islami had the second-highest number of candidates with 151. The Pakistan Peoples Party ran only 120 candidates, of whom 103 were from constituencies in Punjab and Sindh, and none in East Pakistan. The PML (Convention) ran 124 candidates, the PML (Council) 119, and the PML (Qayyum) 133. All thirteen women's seats were uncontested.Report on the General Elections in Pakistan, 1972, p167 Results Vote share of different parties in the election. 39.20 AL Awami League 18.63 PPP Pakistan Peoples Party 6.03 JI Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan 5.96 CML Council Muslim League 4.47 PML(Qa) Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) 3.98 JUI Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam 3.94 JUP Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan 3.34 CML Convention Muslim League 2.43 NAP(W) National Awami Party (Wali) 2.24 PDP Pakistan Democratic Party 7.04 IND #a6caf0 2.76 Other Parties Silver Seat share of different parties in the election. 53.35 AL All-Pakistan Awami League 27.48 PPP Pakistan Peoples Party 2.87 PML(Qa) Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) 2.23 CML Council Muslim League 2.23 JUI Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam 2.23 NAP(W) National Awami Party (Wali) 2.23 JUP Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan 1.28 JI Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan 0.63 CML Convention Muslim League 0.32 PDP Pakistan Democratic Party 5.11 IND #a6caf0 2.76 Other Parties Silver The government claimed a high level of public participation and a voter turnout of almost 63%. The total number of registered voters in the country was 56,941,500 of which 31,211,220 were from East Pakistan and 25,730,280 were from West Pakistan. File:Pakistan National Assembly 1970.svg General Women Total All-Pakistan Awami League 12937162 160 7 167 Pakistan Peoples Party 6148923 81 4 85 Jamaat-e-Islami 1989461 4 0 4 Council Muslim League 1965689 7 0 7 Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) 1473749 9 1 10 Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam 1315071 7 0 7 Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan 1299858 7 0 7 Convention Muslim League 1102815 2 0 2 National Awami Party (Wali) 801355 6 1 7 Pakistan Democratic Party 737958 1 0 1 Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (Thanvi) 521764 0 0 0 Other parties 387919 0 0 0 Independents 2322341 16 0 16 300 13 313 56941500 Nohlen et al.,Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I, p686 0-19-924958-X Bangladesh Documents Elected members in eastern Pakistan List of members in East Bengal:https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/GE%2007-12-1970.pdf Government of Pakistan 25 December 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20181225095947/https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/GE%2007-12-1970.pdf NotificationKhaled Habib Bangladesh: Elections, Parliament & the Cabinet, 1970-91 1991 Ē. Āra. Muraśēda 27146030 24–37 ConstituencyPartyMember NE-1 (Rangpur-I) Awami League Mazahar Hossain NE-2 (Rangpur-II) Awami League Md. Reazuddin Ahmed NE-3 (Rangpur-III) Awami League Mohammad Sadakat Hossain NE-4 (Rangpur-IV) Awami League Lutfor Rahman NE-5 (Rangpur-V) Awami League Shah Abdul Hamid NE-6 (Rangpur-VI) Awami League Mohammad Abu Solaiman Mondal NE-7 (Rangpur-VII) Awami League Mohammad Azizur Rahman NE-8 (Rangpur-VIII) Awami League Mohammad Nural Haq NE-9 (Rangpur-IX) Awami League Abdul Awal NE-10 (Rangpur-X) Awami League Matiur Rahman NE-11 (Rangpur-XI) Awami League Abdur Rouf NE-12 (Rangpur-XII) Awami League Afsar Ali Ahmed NE-13 (Dinajpur-I) Awami League Musharraf Husayn Chowdhury NE-14 (Dinajpur-II) Awami League Adv. Azizur Rahman NE-15 (Dinajpur-III) Awami League Mohammad Moksed Ali NE-16 (Dinajpur-IV) Awami League Muhammad Yusuf Ali NE-17 (Dinajpur-V) Awami League Shah Mahatab Ahmad NE-18 (Dinajpur-VI) Awami League Wakiluddin Mondal NE-19 (Bogra-I) Awami League Mafiz Ali Chowdhury NE-20 (Bogra-II) Awami League Mujibur Rahman Mondal NE-21 (Bogra-III) Awami League Akbar Ali Khan Chowdhury NE-22 (Bogra-IV) Awami League Mohammad Habibur Rahman NE-23 (Bogra-V) Awami League Zahidur Rahman NE-24 (Pabna-I) Awami League Motahar Hossain Talukdar NE-25 (Pabna-II) Awami League Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish NE-26 (Pabna-III) Awami League Abdul Momin Talukdar NE-27 (Pabna-IV) Awami League Syed Hossain Mansur NE-28 (Pabna-V) Awami League Abu Sayeed NE-29 (Pabna-VI) Awami League Amjad Hossain NE-30 (Rajshahi-I) Awami League Atowar Rahman Talukder NE-31 (Rajshahi-II) Awami League Azizar Rahman NE-32 (Rajshahi-III) Awami League Mohammad Baitullah NE-33 (Rajshahi-IV) Awami League Khalid Ali Mia NE-34 (Rajshahi-V) Awami League Rais Uddin Ahmad NE-35 (Rajshahi-VI) Awami League Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman NE-36 (Rajshahi-VII) Awami League Shah Muhammad Zafarullah NE-37 (Rajshahi-VIII) Awami League Nazmul Hoque Sarkar NE-38 (Rajshahi-IX) Awami League Sheikh Mobarak Hossain NE-39 (Kushtia-I) Awami League M Amir-ul Islam NE-40 (Kushtia-II) Awami League Azizur Rahman Akkas NE-41 (Kushtia-III) Awami League Mohammad Shahiduddin NE-42 (Kushtia-IV) Awami League Abzalur Rashid NE-43 (Jessore-I) Awami League Md. Kamruzzaman NE-44 (Jessore-II) Awami League Iqbal Anwar Islam NE-45 (Jessore-III) Awami League Masihur Rahman NE-46 (Jessore-IV) Awami League Subodh Kumar Mitra NE-47 (Jessore-V) Awami League Raushan Ali NE-48 (Jessore-VI) Awami League Muhammad Sohrab Hossain NE-49 (Jessore-VII) Awami League Khandaker Abdul Hafeez NE-50 (Khulna-I) Awami League Abul Khayr Shiqdar NE-51 (Khulna-II) Awami League Sheikh Abdul Aziz NE-52 (Khulna-III) Awami League Lutfar Rahman NE-53 (Khulna-IV) Awami League Muhammad Abdul Ghafur NE-54 (Khulna-V) Awami League Mohammad Mohsin NE-55 (Khulna-VI) Awami League Salahuddin Yusuf NE-56 (Khulna-VII) Awami League Muhammad Abdul Ghaffar NE-57 (Khulna-VIII) Awami League Syed Kamal Bakht NE-58 (Bakerganj-I) Awami League Abdur Rab Serniabat NE-59 (Bakerganj-II) Awami League Salehuddin Ahmed NE-60 (Bakerganj-III) Awami League Nurul Islam Manzur NE-61 (Bakerganj-IV) Awami League Mohammad Abdul Barek NE-62 (Bakerganj-V) Awami League Abdul Mannan Howlader NE-63 (Bakerganj-VI) Awami League Tofail Ahmed NE-64 (Bakerganj-VII) Awami League Azahar Uddin Ahmed NE-65 (Bakerganj-VIII) Awami League A K Faezul Huq NE-66 (Bakerganj-IX) Awami League Enayet Hossain Khan NE-67 (Bakerganj-cum-Patuakhali) Awami League Md. Shamsul Huq NE-68 (Patuakhali-I) Awami League Golam Ahad Chowdhury NE-69 (Patuakhali-II) Awami League Abdul Hady Talukder NE-70 (Patuakhali-III) Awami League Asmat Ali Sikder NE-71 (Tangail-I) Awami League Abdul Mannan NE-72 (Tangail-II) Awami League Shaukat Ali Khan NE-73 (Tangail-III) Awami League Humayun Khalid NE-74 (Tangail-IV) Awami League Hatem Ali Talukdar NE-75 (Tangail-V) Awami League Shamsur Rahman Khan Shahjahan NE-76 (Mymensingh-I) Awami League Mohammad Abdus Samad NE-77 (Mymensingh-II) Awami League Karimuzzaman Talukder NE-78 (Mymensingh-III) Awami League Mohammad Abdul Hakim NE-79 (Mymensingh-IV) Awami League Anisur Rahman NE-80 (Mymensingh-V) Awami League Abdul Hakim Sarkar NE-81 (Mymensingh-VI) Awami League Musharraf Husayn Akhand NE-82 (Mymensingh-VII) Awami League Ibrahim Sarkar NE-83 (Mymensingh-VIII) Pakistan Democratic Party Nurul Amin NE-84 (Mymensingh-IX) Awami League Syed Abdus Sultan NE-85 (Mymensingh-X) Awami League ANM Nazrul Islam NE-86 (Mymensingh-XI) Awami League Mohammad Shamsul Huda NE-87 (Mymensingh-XII) Awami League Sadir Uddin Ahmed NE-88 (Mymensingh-XIII) Awami League Abdul Momin Taluqdar NE-89 (Mymensingh-XIV) Awami League Zubed Ali NE-90 (Mymensingh-XV) Awami League Asaduzzaman Khan NE-91 (Mymensingh-XVI) Awami League Zillur Rahman NE-92 (Mymensingh-XVII) Awami League Syed Nazrul Islam NE-93 (Mymensingh-XVIII) Awami League Mohammad Abdul Hamid NE-94 (Faridpur-I) Awami League A.B.M. Nurul Islam NE-95 (Faridpur-II) Awami League Syed Qumrul Islam Saleh Uddin NE-96 (Faridpur-III) Awami League KM Obaidur Rahman NE-97 (Faridpur-IV) Awami League Shamsuddin Mollah NE-98 (Faridpur-V) Awami League Mohammad Abul Khayer NE-99 (Faridpur-VI) Awami League Mollah Jalaluddin Ahmed NE-100 (Faridpur-VII) Awami League Adeluddin Ahmad NE-101 (Faridpur-VIII) Awami League Amjad Husayn Khan NE-102 (Faridpur-IX) Awami League Abidur Reza Khan NE-103 (Faridpur-X) Awami League M. A. Kasem NE-104 (Dacca-I) Awami League Mohammed Nurul Islam NE-105 (Dacca-II) Awami League Moslem Uddin Khan NE-106 (Dacca-III) Awami League Khandaker Nurul Islam NE-107 (Dacca-IV) Awami League Shamsul Haq NE-108 (Dacca-V) Awami League Tajuddin Ahmad NE-109 (Dacca-VI) Awami League Ashraf Ali Chowdhury NE-110 (Dacca-VII) Awami League Zahir Uddin NE-111 (Dacca-VIII) Awami League Sheikh Mujibur Rahman NE-112 (Dacca-IX) Awami League Kamal Hossain NE-113 (Dacca-X) Awami League Fazlur Rahman Bhuiyan NE-114 (Dacca-XI) Awami League Aftab Uddin Bhuiyan NE-115 (Dacca-XII) Awami League Abdur Razzaq Bhuiyan NE-116 (Dacca-XIII) Awami League Shahar Ali Mia NE-117 (Dacca-XIV) Awami League AKM Samsuzzoha NE-118 (Dacca-XV) Awami League Kafiluddin Chowdhury NE-119 (Dacca-XVI) Awami League Abdul Karim Bepari NE-120 (Sylhet-I) Awami League Mostafa Ali NE-121 (Sylhet-II) Awami League Mohammad Abdur Rab NE-122 (Sylhet-III) Awami League Latifur Rahman Chowdhury NE-123 (Sylhet-IV) Awami League Mohammad Elias NE-124 (Sylhet-V) Awami League Abdul Muntaquim Chaudhury NE-125 (Sylhet-VI) Awami League M. A. G. Osmani NE-126 (Sylhet-VII) Awami League Abdur Rahim NE-127 (Sylhet-VIII) Awami League Dewan Farid Gazi NE-128 (Sylhet-IX) Awami League Abdul Hoque NE-129 (Sylhet-X) Awami League Abdus Samad Azad NE-130 (Sylhet-XI) Awami League D. M. H Obaidur Raza Chowdhury NE-131 (Comilla-I) Awami League Taheruddin Thakur NE-132 (Comilla-II) Awami League Ali Azam NE-133 (Comilla-III) Awami League Dewan Abul Abbas NE-134 (Comilla-IV) Awami League Serajul Huq NE-135 (Comilla-V) Awami League Khurshed Alam NE-136 (Comilla-VI) Awami League Kazi Zahirul Qayyum NE-137 (Comilla-VII) Awami League Ahmad Khaliq NE-138 (Comilla-VIII) Awami League Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad NE-139 (Comilla-IX) Awami League Md Abul Hashem NE-140 (Comilla-X) Awami League Muhammad Shujat Ali NE-141 (Comilla-XI) Awami League Abdul Awal NE-142 (Comilla-XII) Awami League Hafez Habibur Rahman NE-143 (Comilla-XIII) Awami League Muhammad Waliullah NE-144 (Comilla-XIV) Awami League Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury NE-145 (Noakhali-I) Awami League Obaidullah Majumdar NE-146 (Noakhali-II) Awami League Khawaja Ahmed NE-147 (Noakhali-III) Awami League Nurul Haque NE-148 (Noakhali-IV) Awami League Abdul Malek Ukil NE-149 (Noakhali-V) Awami League Delwar Hussain NE-150 (Noakhali-VI) Awami League Khalid Muhammad Ali NE-151 (Noakhali-VII) Awami League Md. Hanif NE-152 (Noakhali-VIII) Awami League Abdur Rashid NE-153 (Chittagong-I) Awami League Mustafizur Rahman Siddiqi NE-154 (Chittagong-II) Awami League Muhammad Abdul Majid NE-155 (Chittagong-III) Awami League Mohammad Idris NE-156 (Chittagong-IV) Awami League Syed Fazlul Haq NE-157 (Chittagong-V) Awami League Mohammad Khaled NE-158 (Chittagong-VI) Awami League Nurul Islam Chowdhury NE-159 (Chittagong-VII) Awami League Ataur Rahman Khan Kaiser NE-160 (Chittagong-VIII) Awami League Abu Saleh Mia NE-161 (Chittagong-IX) Awami League Nur Ahmad Sawdagar NE-162 (Hill Tracts) Independent Tridev Roy Elected members in western Pakistan List of members from Punjab, Sindh, North West Frontier Province, Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and Balochistan:August 2010 National Assembly Elections in Pakistan 1970-2008 A compendium of elections related facts and statistics https://fafen.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Compendium-National-Assembly-Elections-1970-2008-Pakistan.pdf Free and Fair Election Network 24 October 20245th National Assembly from 1972 to 10th January 1977 https://na.gov.pk/uploads/former-members/5th%20National%20Assembly.pdf ConstituencyPartyMember NW-1 Peshawar-I Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Abdul Qayyum Khan (vacated)Yusuf Khattak (by-election) NW-2 Peshawar-II National Awami Party (Wali) Ghulam Faruque Khan NW-3 Peshawar-III National Awami Party (Wali) Abdul Wali Khan NW-4 Peshawar-IV Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Abdul Haq Akorwi NW-5 Hazara-I Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Abdul Hakeem NW-6 Hazara-II Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Ghulam Ghaus Hazarvi NW-7 Hazara-III Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Sardar Inayatur Rehman Khan Abbasi NW-8 Hazara-IV Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Abdul Qayyum Khan NW-9 Mardan-I Pakistan People's Party Abdul Khaliq Khan NW-10 Mardan-II National Awami Party (Wali) Ameerzada Khan (vacated) NW-10 Mardan-II Umra Khan (by election) NW-11 (Mardan cum Hazara) Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Abdul Qayyum Khan (vacated) NW-11 (Mardan cum Hazara) Muhammad Hanif Khan (by election) NW-12 (Kohat) Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Moulvi Naimatullah NW-13 (Dera Ismail Khan) Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Mufti Mehmood NW-14 (Bannu) Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Moulana Sadar us Shahid NW-15 (Chitral cum Dir) Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Jafar Ali Shah NW-16 (Swat-I) Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Rahim Shah NW-17 (Swat-II) Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Miangul Aurangzeb NW-18 (Dir) Jamaat-e-Islami Sahibzada Saifullah NW-19 (Tribal Area-I) Independent Akbar Khan Mohmand NW-20 (Tribal Area-II) Independent Haji Saleh Khan NW-21 (Tribal Area-III) Independent Naimatullah Khan Shinwari (vacated)Haji Gul Muhammad (by election) NW-22 (Tribal Area-IV) Independent Malik Jahangir Khan NW-23 (Tribal Area-V) Independent Abdul Malik NW-24 (Tribal Area-VI) Independent Jamal Dar NW-25 (Tribal Area-VII) Independent Abdul Subhan Khan NW-26 (Rawalpindi-I) Pakistan People's Party Khurshid Hassan Mir NW-27 (Rawalpindi-II) Pakistan People's Party Malik Muhammad Jaffar NW-28 (Rawalpindi-III) Pakistan People's Party Habib Ahmed NW-29 (Rawalpindi-IV) Pakistan People's Party Raja Abdul Aziz Bhatti NW-30 (Campbellpur-I) Council Muslim League Shaukat Hayat Khan NW-31 (Campbellpur-II) Council Muslim League Pir Syed Saifuddin NW-32 (Jhelum-I) Pakistan People's Party Dr. Ghulam Hussain NW-33 (Jhelum-II) Pakistan People's Party Muhammad Amir Khan NW-34 (Jhelum-III) Pakistan People's Party Malik Muhammad Sadiq NW-35 (Gujrat-I) Council Muslim League Chaudhry Zahoor Elahi NW-36 (Gujrat-II) Pakistan People's Party Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry (vacated) NW-36 (Gujrat-II) Muhammad Sardar Khan (by election) NW-37 (Gujrat-III) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Manzoor Hussain Daudra NW-38 (Gujrat-IV) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Ghulam Rasool Tarar NW-39 (Sargodha-I) Chaudhary Jahangir Ali NW-40 (Sargodha-II) Pakistan People's Party Anwar Ali Noon NW-41 (Sargodha-III) Pakistan People's Party Hafeezullah Cheema NW-42 (Sargodha-IV) Council Muslim League Malik Karam Bakhsh Awan NW-43 (Sargodha-V) Council Muslim League Nawabzada Mian Muhammad Zakir NW-44 (Mianwali-I) Independent Nawabzada Malik Muzaffar Khan NW-45 (Mianwali-II) Council Muslim League Ghulam Hassan Khan Dhandala NW-46 (Jhang-I) Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan Mehar Ghulam Haider Bharwana NW-47 (Jhang-II) Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan Moulana Muhammad Zakir (d. 1975) NW-47 (Jhang-II) Pakistan People's Party Sardarzada Muhammad Ali Shah (by election) NW-48 (Jhang-III) Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan Sahibzada Nazir Sultan NW-49 (Lyallpur-I) Pakistan People's Party Mukhtar Rana (disqualified) NW-49 (Lyallpur-I) Muhammad Afzal Randhawa (by election) NW-50 (Lyallpur-II) Pakistan People's Party Mian Muhammad Attaullah NW-51 (Lyallpur-III) Pakistan People's Party Ahsanul Haq NW-52 (Lyallpur-IV) Pakistan People's Party Muhammad Bashir Ahmed NW-53 (Lyallpur-V) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Muhammad Aslam (d. 1975) NW-53 (Lyallpur-V) Raja Mubaraz Khan (by election) NW-54 (Lyallpur-VI) Pakistan People's Party Rai Hafeezullah Khan NW-55 (Lyallpur-VII) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Muhammad Anwar Ali Khan NW-56 (Lyallpur-VIII) Pakistan People's Party Ghulam Nabi Chaudhary NW-57 (Lyallpur-IX) Pakistan People's Party Muhammad Khan Chaudhary NW-58 (Lahore-I) Pakistan People's Party Malik Muhammad Akhtar NW-59 (Lahore-II) Pakistan People's Party Mubashir Hassan NW-60 (Lahore-III) Pakistan People's Party Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (vacated)Mahmud Ali Kasuri (by election) NW-61 (Lahore-IV) Pakistan People's Party Sheikh Rasheed Ahmed NW-62 (Lahore-V) Pakistan People's Party Malik Meraj Khalid NW-63 (Lahore-VI) Pakistan People's Party Ahmad Raza Khan Kasuri NW-64 (Lahore-VII) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Shafaat Khan Chohan NW-65 (Lahore-VIII) Pakistan People's Party Syed Mehmood Abbas Bukhari NW-66 (Sheikhupura-I) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhry Mumtaz Ahmed NW-67 (Sheikhupura-II) Pakistan People's Party Mian Hamid Yaseen NW-68 (Sheikhupura-III) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Muhammad Iqbal (d. 1974) NW-68 (Sheikhupura-III) Nisar Ahmed (by election) NW-69 (Sheikhupura-IV) Pakistan People's Party Rai Shahadat Ali Khan NW-70 (Gujranwala-I) Pakistan People's Party Mian Manzoor-e-Hassan (d. 1974)Habibur Rahman (by election) NW-71 (Gujranwala-II) Pakistan People's Party Zulfiqar Ali Bajwa (died) NW-71 (Gujranwala-II) Ali Muhammad Darriwal (by election) NW-72 (Gujranwala-III) Pakistan People's Party Ghulam Haider Cheema NW-73 (Gujranwala-IV) Pakistan People's Party Mian Shahadat Khan NW-74 (Sialkot-I) Pakistan People's Party Mian Masood Ahmed NW-75 (Sialkot-II) Pakistan People's Party Kausar Niazi NW-76 (Sialkot-III) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Nasrullah Khan (vacated) NW-76 (Sialkot-III) Council Muslim League Abdul Wahid (by election) NW-77 (Sialkot-IV) Pakistan People's Party Malik Muhammad Suleman NW-78 (Sialkot-V) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Sultan Ahmed Cheema NW-79 (Multan-I) Pakistan People's Party Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (vacated)Sahibzada Farooq Ali (by election) NW-80 (Multan-II) Pakistan People's Party Sadiq Hussain Qureshi (vacated) NW-80 (Multan-II) Sajid Pervez Mian (by election) NW-81 (Multan-III) Pakistan People's Party Sayyid Abbas Hussain Gardezi NW-82 (Multan-IV) Independent Zafarullah Khan Chaudhary NW-83 (Multan-V) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Barkatullah NW-84 (Multan-VI) Council Muslim League Mumtaz Daultana (vacated) NW-84 (Multan-VI) Mian Riaz Ahmed Khan (by election) NW-85 (Multan-VII) Pakistan People's Party Khan Irshad Ahmed Khan NW-86 (Multan-VIII) Pakistan People's Party Syed Nasir Ali Rizvi NW-87 (Multan-IX) Pakistan People's Party Rana Taj Ahmed Noon NW-88 (Dera Ghazi Khan-I) Jamaat-e-Islami Nazir Ahmed (died) NW-88 (Dera Ghazi Khan-I) Khawaja Ghulam Suleman (by election) NW-89 (Dera Ghazi Khan-II) Independent Sherbaz Khan Mazari NW-90 (Muzaffargarh-I) Pakistan People's Party Mahar Manzoor Hussain Sumra NW-91 (Muzaffargarh-II) Pakistan People's Party Ghulam Mustafa Khar (vacated) NW-91 (Muzaffargarh-II) Mian Ghulam Abbas (by election) NW-92 (Muzaffargarh-III) Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan Mian Muhammad Ibrahim Barq NW-93 (Sahiwal-I) Pakistan People's Party Sardar Abdul Aleem NW-94 (Sahiwal-II) Pakistan People's Party Chaudhary Muhammad Hanif Khan NW-95 (Sahiwal-III) Pakistan People's Party Haji Muhammad Sadiq NW-96 (Sahiwal-IV) Pakistan People's Party Rao Khurshid Ali Khan NW-97 (Sahiwal-V) Pakistan People's Party Mian Muhammad Hassan Khan NW-98 (Sahiwal-VI) Pakistan People's Party Rao Hashim Khan NW-99 (Sahiwal-VII) Pakistan People's Party Noor Muhammad NW-100 (Bahawalpur-I) Council Muslim League Nizamuddin Haider NW-101 (Bahawalpur-II) Independent Saeed-ur-Rashid Abbasi NW-102 (Bahawalnagar cum Bahawalpur) Pakistan People's Party Muhammad Shafi NW-103 (Bahawalnagar-I) Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Syed Rafiq Muhammad Shah NW-104 (Bahawalnagar-II) Pakistan People's Party Mian Muhammad Rafiq NW-105 (Rahim Yar Khan-I) Convention Muslim League Khawaja Jamal Muhammad Koreja NW-106 (Rahim Yar Khan-II) Pakistan People's Party Abdul Nabi Khan Kanju NW-107 (Rahim Yar Khan-III) Independent Makhdoom Noor Muhammad NW-108 (Jacobabad) Pakistan People's Party Mir Dariya Khan Khoso NW-109 (Sukkur-I) Independent Moula Bakhsh Soomro NW-110 (Sukkur-II) Independent Ali Hassan Mangi NW-111 (Sukkur-III) Pakistan People's Party Noor Muhammad Khan Lund NW-112 (Nawabshah-I) Pakistan People's Party Hakim Ali Zardari NW-113 (Nawabshah-II) Pakistan People's Party Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi (vacated)Ghulam Mujtaba Jatoi (by election) NW-114 (Khairpur-I) Pakistan People's Party Syed Qaim Ali Shah NW-115 (Khairpur-II) Pakistan People's Party Pir Syed Abdul Qadir Shah Jillani NW-116 (Larkana-I) Pakistan People's Party Zulfikar Ali Bhutto NW-117 (Larkana-II) Pakistan People's Party Mumtaz Bhutto NW-118 (Hyderabad-I) Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan Syed Muhammad Ali Rizvi NW-119 (Hyderabad-II) Pakistan People's Party Mir Aijaz Ali Talpur NW-120 (Hyderabad-III) Pakistan People's Party Makhdoom Muhammad Zaman Talibul Moula NW-121 (Hyderabad-IV) Pakistan People's Party Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (vacated)Haji Ali Ahmed Khan (by election) NW-122 (Tharparkar-I) Pakistan People's Party Mir Ali Bakhsh Khan Talpur NW-123 (Tharparkar-II) Pakistan People's Party Pir Ghulam Rasool Shah Jillani NW-124 (Dadu-I) Pakistan People's Party Abdul Hameed Jatoi NW-125 (Dadu-II) Pakistan People's Party Malik Sikandar Khan NW-126 (Sanghar) Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) Atta Muhammad Marri NW-127 (Thatta) Pakistan People's Party Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (vacated)Ameen Faheem (by election) NW-128 (Karachi-I) Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan Abdul Mustafa Al-Azhari NW-129 (Karachi-II) Pakistan People's Party Abdul Hafeez Pirzada NW-130 (Karachi-III) Pakistan People's Party Abdul Sattar Gabol NW-131 (Karachi-IV) Jamaat-e-Islami Mehmood Azam Farooqi NW-132 (Karachi-V) Jamaat-e-Islami Abdul Ghafoor Ahmed NW-133 (Karachi-VI) Independent Zafar Ahmed Ansari NW-134 (Karachi-VII) Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan Shah Ahmad Noorani (vacated) NW-134 (Karachi-VII) Pakistan People's Party Noorul Arfin (by election) NW-135 (Quetta-I) Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Maulvi Abdul Haq NW-136 (Quetta-II) National Awami Party (Wali) Khair Bakhsh Marri (vacated) NW-136 (Quetta-II) Council Muslim League Taj Muhammad Jamali (by-election) NW-137 (Kalat-I) National Awami Party (Wali) Abdul Hai Baloch NW-138 (Kalat-II) National Awami Party (Wali) Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo Aftermath Bangladesh Liberation War The elected Assembly initially did not meet, as President Yahya Khan and the Pakistan Peoples Party did not want the majority party from East Pakistan forming government. This caused great unrest in East Pakistan. The military junta responded by executing Operation Searchlight, which led to the Bangladesh War of Independence, with East Pakistan becoming the independent state of Bangladesh. The Assembly session was eventually held when Yahya resigned four days after Pakistan surrendered to Bangladesh and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto took over. Bhutto became the Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1973, after the post was recreated by the new constitution. References External links Members elected Election Commission of Pakistan Pakistan General Category:General elections in Pakistan Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results Category:Independence of Bangladesh