2',3'-Cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens vanc left 2′,3′-Cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase 3.1.4.37 60098-35-3 0004113 2′,3′-Cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.37, CNPase, systematic name nucleoside-2′,3′-cyclic-phosphate 2′-nucleotidohydrolase) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CNP gene. Sprinkle TJ, Lanclos KD, Lapp DF Assignment of the human 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase gene to chromosome 17 Genomics 13 3 877–80 Jul 1992 1322358 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90174-Q Entrez Gene: CNP 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1267 Reaction CNPase catalyzes the following general reaction that converts nucleoside 2',3' cyclic phosphates to the corresponding 2'phosphate: nucleoside 2′,3′-cyclic phosphate + H2O nucleoside 2′-phosphate For example, the enzyme from brain converts 2',3'-cyclic AMP to adenosine 2'-monophosphate: Drummond GI, Iyer NT, Keith J 1962 Hydrolysis of ribonucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphates by a diesterase from brain J. Biol. Chem. 237 11 3535–3539 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)70852-7 free 65% Q27103372 2',3'-cyclic AMP 1.3 H2O Q27103569 adenosine 2'-monophosphate Function CNPase is a myelin-associated enzyme that makes up 4% of total CNS myelin protein, and is thought to undergo significant age-associated changes. Hinman JD, Chen CD, Oh SY, Hollander W, Abraham CR Age-dependent accumulation of ubiquitinated 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase in myelin lipid rafts Glia 56 1 118–33 Jan 2008 17963267 10.1002/glia.20595 8729201 It is named for its ability to catalyze the phosphodiester hydrolysis of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotides to 2'-nucleotides, though a cohesive understanding of its specific physiologic functions are still ambiguous. Kursula P Structural properties of proteins specific to the myelin sheath Amino Acids 34 2 175–85 Feb 2008 17177074 10.1007/s00726-006-0479-7 20270722 Structural studies have revealed that four classes of CNPases belong to one protein superfamily. CNPase's catalytic core consists of three alpha-helices and nine beta-strands. The proposed mechanism of CNPases phosphodiesterase catalytic activity is similar to the second step of the reaction mechanism for RNase A. Sakamoto Y, Tanaka N, Ichimiya T, Kurihara T, Nakamura KT Crystal structure of the catalytic fragment of human brain 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase Journal of Molecular Biology 346 3 789–800 Feb 2005 15713463 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.12.024 CNPase is expressed exclusively by oligodendrocytes in the CNS, and the appearance of CNPase seems to be one of the earliest events of oligodendrocyte differentiation. Kasama-Yoshida H, Tohyama Y, Kurihara T, Sakuma M, Kojima H, Tamai Y A comparative study of 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase in vertebrates: cDNA cloning and amino acid sequences for chicken and bullfrog enzymes Journal of Neurochemistry 69 4 1335–42 Oct 1997 9326261 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69041335.x free CNPase is thought to play a critical role in the events leading up to myelination. Gravel M, Peterson J, Yong VW, Kottis V, Trapp B, Braun PE Overexpression of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase in transgenic mice alters oligodendrocyte development and produces aberrant myelination Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences 7 6 453–66 Jun 1996 8875429 10.1006/mcne.1996.0033 35687881 CNPase also associates with microtubules in brain tissue and FRTL-5 thyroid cells, and is reported to have microtubule-associated protein-like activity (MAP; see MAP2), being able to catalyze microtubule formation at low molar ratios. Deletion of the C-terminus of CNPase or phosphorylation abolish the catalytic activity of microtubule formation. CNPase can link tubulin to cellular membranes, and might be involved in the regulation cytoplasmic microtubule distribution. Bifulco M, Laezza C, Stingo S, Wolff J 2',3'-Cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase: a membrane-bound, microtubule-associated protein and membrane anchor for tubulin Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99 4 1807–12 Feb 2002 11842207 122275 10.1073/pnas.042678799 2002PNAS...99.1807B free CNPase has also been demonstrated to inhibit the replication of HIV-1 and other primate lentiviruses by binding the retroviral Gag protein and inhibiting the genesis of nascent viral particles. Whether this is a biological function of CNPase or a coincidental activity remains unclear. Wilson SJ, Schoggins JW, Zang T, Kutluay SB, Jouvenet N, Alim MA, Bitzegeio J, Rice CM, Bieniasz PD Inhibition of HIV-1 particle assembly by 2′,3′-cyclic-nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase Cell Host & Microbe 12 4 585–97 Oct 2012 23084924 3498451 10.1016/j.chom.2012.08.012 References 33em External links CNP Further reading 33em Helfman DM, Kuo JF A homogeneous cyclic CMP phosphodiesterase hydrolyzes both pyrimidine and purine cyclic 2':3'- and 3':5'-nucleotides The Journal of Biological Chemistry 257 2 1044–7 Jan 1982 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)68305-5 6274851 free Helfman DM, Shoji M, Kuo JF Purification to homogeneity and general properties of a novel phosphodiesterase hydrolyzing cyclic CMP and cyclic AMP The Journal of Biological Chemistry 256 12 6327–34 Jun 1981 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)69166-0 6263914 free Kurihara T, Nishizawa Y, Takahashi Y, Odani S Chemical, immunological and catalytic properties of 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase purified from brain white matter The Biochemical Journal 195 1 153–7 Apr 1981 6272743 1162865 10.1042/bj1950153 Nishizawa Y, Kurihara T, Takahashi Y Spectrophotometric assay, solubilization and purification of brain 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase The Biochemical Journal 191 1 71–82 Oct 1980 6258586 1162183 10.1042/bj1910071 Thompson RJ 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide-3'-phosphohydrolase and signal transduction in central nervous system myelin Biochemical Society Transactions 20 3 621–6 Aug 1992 1385234 10.1042/bst0200621 Leroy MJ, Dumler I, Lugnier C, Shushakova ND, Ferré F A new peptide (1150Da) selectively activates the calcium-calmodulin sensitive isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from human myometrium Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 184 2 700–5 Apr 1992 1315529 10.1016/0006-291X(92)90646-3 1 Douglas AJ, Fox MF, Abbott CM, Hinks LJ, Sharpe G, Povey S, Thompson RJ Structure and chromosomal localization of the human 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase gene Annals of Human Genetics 56 Pt 3 243–54 Jul 1992 1360194 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1992.tb01149.x 34627658 1 Staugaitis SM, Bernier L, Smith PR, Colman DR Expression of the oligodendrocyte marker 2'3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase in non-glial cells Journal of Neuroscience Research 25 4 556–60 Apr 1990 2161933 10.1002/jnr.490250413 29416130 Agrawal HC, Sprinkle TJ, Agrawal D 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide-3'-phosphodiesterase in the central nervous system is fatty-acylated by thioester linkage The Journal of Biological Chemistry 265 20 11849–53 Jul 1990 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38476-5 2164018 free Kurihara T, Takahashi Y, Nishiyama A, Kumanishi T cDNA cloning and amino acid sequence of human brain 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 152 2 837–42 Apr 1988 2835044 10.1016/S0006-291X(88)80114-1 Sprinkle TJ, McMorris FA, Yoshino J, DeVries GH Differential expression of 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase in cultured central, peripheral, and extraneural cells Neurochemical Research 10 7 919–31 Jul 1985 2995854 10.1007/BF00964629 34362955 Sheedlo HJ, Doran JE, Sprinkle TJ An investigation of 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.37, CNP) in peripheral blood elements and CNS myelin Life Sciences 34 18 1731–7 Apr 1984 6328143 10.1016/0024-3205(84)90572-1 Monoh K, Kurihara T, Takahashi Y, Ichikawa T, Kumanishi T, Hayashi S, Minoshima S, Shimizu N Structure, expression and chromosomal localization of the gene encoding human 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase Gene 129 2 297–301 Jul 1993 8392017 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90283-9 1 Löbbert RW, Winterpacht A, Seipel B, Zabel BU Molecular cloning and chromosomal assignment of the human homologue of the rat cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE3A)--a gene involved in fat metabolism located at 11p 15.1 Genomics 37 2 211–8 Oct 1996 8921398 10.1006/geno.1996.0544 Stricker R, Kalbacher H, Reiser G The epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody in the myelin-associated protein CNP Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 237 2 266–70 Aug 1997 9268698 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7125 O'Neill RC, Braun PE Selective synthesis of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase isoform 2 and identification of specifically phosphorylated serine residues Journal of Neurochemistry 74 2 540–6 Feb 2000 10646504 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.740540.x 25697047 free Zauli G, Milani D, Mirandola P, Mazzoni M, Secchiero P, Miscia S, Capitani S HIV-1 Tat protein down-regulates CREB transcription factor expression in PC12 neuronal cells through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/cyclic nucleoside phosphodiesterase pathway FASEB Journal 15 2 483–91 Feb 2001 11156964 10.1096/fj.00-0354com free 26315564 1 Bifulco M, Laezza C, Stingo S, Wolff J 2',3'-Cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase: a membrane-bound, microtubule-associated protein and membrane anchor for tubulin Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99 4 1807–12 Feb 2002 11842207 122275 10.1073/pnas.042678799 2002PNAS...99.1807B free Davidoff MS, Middendorff R, Köfüncü E, Müller D, Jezek D, Holstein AF Leydig cells of the human testis possess astrocyte and oligodendrocyte marker molecules Acta Histochemica 104 1 39–49 2002 11993850 10.1078/0065-1281-00630 1 Basrur V, Yang F, Kushimoto T, Higashimoto Y, Yasumoto K, Valencia J, Muller J, Vieira WD, Watabe H, Shabanowitz J, Hearing VJ, Hunt DF, Appella E Proteomic analysis of early melanosomes: identification of novel melanosomal proteins Journal of Proteome Research 2 1 69–79 2003 12643545 10.1021/pr025562r 1 Kozlov G, Lee J, Elias D, Gravel M, Gutierrez P, Ekiel I, Braun PE, Gehring K Structural evidence that brain cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase is a member of the 2H phosphodiesterase superfamily The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 46 46021–8 Nov 2003 12947117 10.1074/jbc.M305176200 1 free 1267 Category:Actin bundling proteins