1935 Canadian banknote series

none January 2023 right|thumb|The $1 banknote of the 1935 Series features a portrait of George V. The 1935 Canadian banknote series is the first series of banknotes of the Canadian dollar issued by the Bank of Canada. They were first circulated on 11 March 1935, the same day that the Bank of Canada officially started operating. Two sets of banknotes were printed for each denomination, one in French for Quebec, and one in English for the rest of Canada.The Ottawa Evening Citizen 1935 1Milwaukee Journal 1937 7 This is the only series issued by the Bank of Canada with dual unilingual banknotes.Powell 2005 Establishment of a central bank 29 This series was followed by the 1937 Canadian banknote series. The Bank of Canada issued a press release in February 1935 announcing details of the banknotes to "prevent possible confusion" amongst the public and as a protective measure against counterfeiting.The Ottawa Evening Citizen 1935 1 The Bank of Canada Act which had established the Bank of Canada also resulted in the repeal of the Finance Act and the Dominion Notes Act.Powell 2005 Establishment of a central bank 29 With the introduction of the 1935 series into circulation, the series of Dominion of Canada banknotes were withdrawn from circulation by the Bank of Canada from 1935 to 1950,Powell 2005 Establishment of a central bank 29Pomfret 2013 177 which also replaced the Department of Finance as the nation's exclusive issuer of banknotes.Gough 2010 83Bank of Canada Banknotes The Government of Canada intended to release the banknotes on the same day as the official opening of the Bank of Canada.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 21 It required months of work and preparation for the design, approval, and production of the banknote series.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 Designs for the banknotes were created by the Canadian Bank Note Company (CBN) and the British American Bank Note Company (BABN, now BA International), both of which had designed and printed the preceding Dominion of Canada banknotes.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 21 All but the commemorative $25 banknote began circulating on 11 March 1935, the same day that the Bank of Canada officially started operating.The Ottawa Evening Citizen 1935 1Powell 2005 Establishment of a central bank 29 All banknotes contained the words "Ottawa, Issue of 1935" centrally at the top of the obverse, except for the $20 banknote, in which the words appeared below the serial number.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 31 This is the only Bank of Canada series that includes $25 and $500 banknotes,Bank of Canada and the only series that includes the official seal of the Bank of Canada.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 22 The $500 banknote was a "carry-over from Dominion of Canada bank notes", and is the only Bank of Canada banknote series to include this denomination.Bank of Canada Other than the language in which they were printed, the English and French banknotes were the same.Bank of Canada In May 1935, deputy governor of the Bank of Canada John Osborne wrote a letter to a colleague in England in which he stated that "the English-speaking population is inclined to mutilate the French notes, and the French population complains they cannot get enough of their own notes".The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 22 All banknotes in the series measure 152.4 by 73.025 mm in 3, slightly shorter and wider than the 1914, 1918, 1928, and 1934 Federal Reserve Notes in circulation in the United States at the time, and were described by The Ottawa Evening Citizen as a "novelty to Canada".The Ottawa Evening Citizen 1935 1 They were printed on a material consisting of 75% linen and 25% cotton manufactured by the Howard Smith Paper Mills (now Domtar).The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 23 Denomination Face image (English) Face image (French) Back image (English) Back image (French) Colour Face Back Printed Issued $1Bank of Canada: $1 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #6c867b Green George V Agriculture allegory 1935 11 March 1935 $2Bank of Canada: $2 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #7b95a4 Blue Queen Mary Transportation allegory 1935 11 March 1935 $5Bank of Canada: $5 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #da8b64 Orange Edward, Prince of Wales Electric power allegory 1935 11 March 1935 $10Bank of Canada: $10 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #615956 Dark purple Princess Mary Harvest allegory 1935 11 March 1935 $20Bank of Canada: $20 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #bc747a Rose Princess Elizabeth Testing the grain allegoryBroeckx Krista October 18, 2022 Positive Notes https://www.bankofcanadamuseum.ca/2022/10/positive-notes/ October 30, 2022 Bank of Canada Museum 1935 11 March 1935 $25Bank of Canada: $25 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #9e5e79 Royal purple King George V and Queen Mary Windsor Castle 1935 6 May 1935 $50Bank of Canada: $50 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #895a46 Reddish brown Prince Albert, Duke of York Modern Inventions allegory 1935 11 March 1935 $100Bank of Canada: $100 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #685b52 Dark brown Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester Commerce and industry allegory 1935 11 March 1935 $500Bank of Canada: $500 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #978668 Sepia John A. Macdonald Fertility allegory 1935 11 March 1935 $1,000Bank of Canada: $1000 note 150px 150px 150px 150px #6f745d Olive Wilfrid Laurier Security allegory 1935 11 March 1935 The banknotes were printed in greater variation of colour than the Dominion of Canada banknotes that had been previously issued.The Ottawa Evening Citizen 1935 1 These were green for the $1 banknote,Bank of Canada: $1 note blue for the $2 banknote,Bank of Canada: $2 note orange for the $5 banknote,Bank of Canada: $5 note dark purple for the $10 banknote,Bank of Canada: $10 note rose for the $20 banknote,Bank of Canada: $20 note reddish brown for the $50 banknote,Bank of Canada: $50 note dark brown for the $100 banknote,Bank of Canada: $100 note sepia for the $500 banknote,Bank of Canada: $500 note and olive for the $1,000 banknote.Bank of Canada: $1000 note In April 1935, an article in The St. Maurice Valley Chronicle of Trois-Rivières stated that the appearance of the obverse of the $1 and $2 banknotes were too similar, particularly the green hue of the $1 banknote and the blue hue of the $2 banknote.The St. Maurice Valley Chronicle 1935 2 It stated that the colours of the reverse were more distinct, but could be "confused in artificial light".The St. Maurice Valley Chronicle 1935 2 The same article stated that the similarity between the English and French versions of the banknotes was a positive feature.The St. Maurice Valley Chronicle 1935 2 For the 1937 Series banknotes, the Bank of Canada would change the colour of the $2 banknote to terracotta red to address the issue.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 38 The design of the banknotes was in a similar formal baroque style of the earlier Dominion of Canada banknotes, with wide variation between the denominations in the series.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 22 The central numerals on the obverse of each denomination have a distinct background design, each with a portrait to the left.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 22 The corner numerals and decoration are also different for each banknote denomination.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 22 Portraits The royal portraits used for the engravings were based on older photographs of each member of the royal family, who were said to "appear younger than their years on the new notes".The St. Maurice Valley Chronicle 1935 2 Depicted on the $1 banknote was George V.Bank of Canada: $1 note The portrait and design was approved by Edgar Nelson Rhodes on 10 May 1934. The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 25 Queen Mary appeared on the $2 banknote,Bank of Canada: $2 note her portrait based on a photograph by Hay Wrighton that was engraved by Will Ford of the American Bank Note Company (ABN) and master engraver Harry P. Dawson of the BABN.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 31The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 32 The portrait of Edward, Prince of Wales wearing a colonel's uniform on the $5 banknote was based on a Department of External Affairs photograph taken by British photographer Vandyke and engraved by Dawson.Bank of Canada: $5 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 32 On the $10 banknote was a portrait of Princess Mary based on a photograph by official British royal family photographer Richard Speaight and engraved by Dawson.Bank of Canada: $10 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 32 Princess Elizabeth at the age of 8 appears on the $20 banknote, the portrait based on a Marcus Adams photograph from 1934 for which an engraving was created by master engraver Edwin Gunn of ABN.Bank of Canada: $20 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 33The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 35 The portrait of Prince Albert, Duke of York wearing an admiral's uniform on the $50 banknote was based on a photograph taken by Bertram Park, for which an engraving was made by Robert Savage of ABN.Bank of Canada: $50 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 34 It was subsequently used on six of the banknotes of the 1937 Series.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 26 The $100 banknote includes a portrait of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester wearing the captain's uniform of the 10th Royal Hussars based on a photograph by Vandyke for which Ford created an engraving.Bank of Canada: $100 note The portrait of John A. Macdonald wearing a fur-collared coat and engraved by Ford is on the $500 banknote (and was also used on the $100 banknote of the 1937 Series banknotes), and a Gunn engraving of Wilfrid Laurier wearing a Prince Albert coat is the portrait on the $1000 banknote.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 35The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 26 Allegories Each denomination had a reverse depicting an allegorical figure, the framing of which was different for each denomination.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 22 Agriculture was depicted on the $1 banknoteBank of Canada: $1 note based on a painting by Alonzo Foringer of ABN, based on an engraving made by Will Jung.The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 31 A transportation allegory featuring the Roman mythological figure Mercury created by BABNC artists was on the $2 banknote,Bank of Canada: $2 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 31 electric power generation engraved by Dawson on the $5 banknote,Bank of Canada: $5 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 32 and of harvest engraved by Dawson on the $10 banknote.Bank of Canada: $10 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 32 The $20 bank note, also based on a painting by Alonzo Foringer of ABN, shows two allegorical figures representing toil.Bank of Canada: $20 note The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 33 An allegory of modern inventions is on the $50 banknote,Bank of Canada: $50 note and commerce and industry is on the $100 banknote.Bank of Canada: $100 note The fertility allegory on the $500 banknote was based on another painting by Foringer.Bank of Canada: $500 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 28 The allegorical figure of security on the $1,000 banknote was previously used on a 1917 issue of Russian bonds.Bank of Canada: $1000 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 35 Commemorative $25 banknote Commemorative banknotes of the Canadian dollar On 6 May 1935, the Bank of Canada issued a $25 banknote to commemorate the Silver Jubilee of the accession of George V to the throne.Bank of Canada: $25 note It was a royal purple banknote with the portraits of King George V and Queen Mary on the obverse engraved by Ford and Gunn, and a scene depicting Windsor Castle on the reverse engraved by Louis Delmoce of ABN.Bank of Canada: $25 noteThe Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 33 It was the first commemorative banknote issued by the Bank of Canada.Powell 2005 The Depression Years and the Creation of the Bank of Canada (1930—1939) 44 Printing All printings of each denomination of the banknote series were signed by Graham Towers, the Governor of the Bank of Canada, and J.A.C. Osborne, the deputy governor.Bank of Canada: $1 noteBank of Canada: $2 noteBank of Canada: $5 noteBank of Canada: $10 noteBank of Canada: $20 noteBank of Canada: $25 noteBank of Canada: $50 noteBank of Canada: $100 noteBank of Canada: $500 noteBank of Canada: $1000 note Serial numbers were not used for 1935 series banknotes. The red numbers found on the notes consist of one series prefix letter, followed by a seven-digit sheet number. English banknotes used series prefix letter A, and French banknotes used series prefix letter F. For English $1 notes only, once all prefix letter A sheet numbers had been used, a second series was started using prefix letter B.Canadian Government Paper Money, 35th ed., The Charlton Press, 2024, p. 201 Four notes were printed on a sheet of paper, and each of the four notes on the sheet were stamped with the same red sheet number. Below the sheet numbers is a single black "check letter" (A, B, C, or D), indicating the note's position on the sheet. The Canadian Bank Note Company printed the $1, $20, $50, $100, $500, and $1,000 banknotes, and the commemorative $25 banknote.Currency Museum: $1Currency Museum: $20Currency Museum: $50Currency Museum: $100Currency Museum: $500Currency Museum: $1000Currency Museum: $25Cuhaj 2010 188–189 The British American Bank Note Company printed the $2, $5, and $10 banknotes.Currency Museum: $2Currency Museum: $5Currency Museum: $10 Collecting As of 2009, for a banknote graded as "very fine" a collector could expect to pay about 1600 USD for the commemorative $25 banknote, 1150 USD for the $50 banknote, 750 USD for the $20 banknote, 150 USD for the $10 banknote, and 50 USD for the $1 banknote.Sieber 2009 1957 Fewer notes of this series were printed in French than in English. For example, there were approximately 1,000,000 $20 English notes printed, compared to approximately 200,000 French notes.Canadian Government Paper Money, 26th ed., The Charlton Press, 2013, pp. 218-219 Notes 3 References Canada Money Numismatics 2 Standard Catalog Of World Paper Money General Issues 1368–1960 Cuhaj George S. Krause Publications 2010 9781440216350 1538-2001 Historical Dictionary of Canada Historical Dictionaries of the Americas 2nd Gough Barry M. Scarecrow Press 2010 9780810875043 2010022542 The Economic Development of Canada Economic history Pomfret Richard reprint Routledge 2013 9781136593710 http://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/dollar_book.pdf A History of the Canadian dollar Powell James Bank of Canada 0662281233 December 2005 23 September 2014 World Coins & Currency, Warman's Companion 2nd Sieber Arlyn Krause Publications 2009 9781440219313 2008937697 http://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/promo_art.pdf The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes Bank of Canada 6 December 2006 13 March 2014 0660632462 The Art and Design of Canadian Bank Notes 2006 http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935.html 1935 Series Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_1.html $1 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $1 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_2.html $2 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $2 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_5.html $5 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $5 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_10.html $10 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $10 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_20.html $20 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $20 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_5F25.html $25 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $25 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_50.html $50 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $50 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_100.html $100 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $100 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_500.html $500 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $500 note http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/eppp-archive/100/201/301/bank_can_review/2006/spring/cover/en/banknotes/general/character/1935_tho.html $1000 Bank Note Series, 1935 to present Bank of Canada, archived at Collections Canada 12 March 2014 Bank of Canada: $1000 note http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1989.0032.00016.000/canada-bank-of-canada-1-dollar-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 1 dollar : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $1 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1992.0037.00132.000/canada-bank-of-canada-2-dollars-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 2 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $2 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1992.0037.00141.000/canada-bank-of-canada-5-dollars-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 5 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $5 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1992.0037.00149.000/canada-bank-of-canada-10-dollars-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 10 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $10 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1992.0037.00157.000/canada-bank-of-canada-20-dollars-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 20 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $20 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1984.0023.00029.000/canada-bank-of-canada-25-dollars-may-6-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 50 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $25 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1992.0037.00174.000/canada-bank-of-canada-50-dollars-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 50 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $50 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1992.0037.00179.000/canada-bank-of-canada-100-dollars-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 100 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $100 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1992.0037.00189.000/canada-bank-of-canada-500-dollars-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 500 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $500 http://www.currencymuseum.ca/collection/artefact/view/1992.0037.00202.000/canada-bank-of-canada-1000-dollars-1935#fragment-2 Canada, Bank of Canada, 1000 dollars : 1935 Currency Museum, Bank of Canada 12 March 2014 Currency Museum: $1000 Bilingual bank notes the latest in Canada Milwaukee Journal 19 July 1937 Milwaukee Journal 1937 Size of bank notes will provide novelty 92 217 The Ottawa Evening Citizen 28 February 1935 The Ottawa Evening Citizen 1935 The new bank notes The St. Maurice Valley Chronicle 18 April 1935 The St. Maurice Valley Chronicle 1935 Category:1935 in Canada Category:Currencies introduced in 1935 Category:Banknotes of Canada