1987 Pan American Games

10th edition of the Pan American Games September 2022 September 2022 X Pan American Games 1987 Pan American Games logo.svg 150 Indianapolis, United States 38 4,360 297 in 30 sports August 8, 1987 August 23, 1987 Vice President George H. W. Bush Cauldron lighter Wilma Rudolph Indianapolis Motor Speedway (opening) / Hoosier Dome (closing) 1983 Caracas 1991 Havana 1990 Las Leñas The 1987 Pan American Games, officially known as the X Pan American Games, was a major international multi-sport event held in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, on August 7–23, 1987. Over 4,300 athletes from 38 countries in the Americas competed in 297 events in 30 sports, earning 1,015 medals. Events were held at 23 venues in and around Indianapolis. The official mascot for the games was Amigo, a green parrot. Host city selection Bids for the 1987 Pan American Games Santiago, Chile, was originally named the host of the tenth Pan American Games, but it withdrew in 1983 due to political and financial problems. Quito, Ecuador, was named to replace Santiago, but it also withdrew, in late 1984. Desperate, the Pan American Sports Organization (PASO) held a new election. Indianapolis was planning to bid on the 1991 Games, but, at the request of the United States Olympic Committee, submitted a bid for 1987. Since many sports facilities were already in place, PASO announced on December 18, 1984, that Indianapolis would be the host.Bodenhamer 1994 1074 Havana, Cuba, was also interested, but PASO appeased Fidel Castro, who had threatened to boycott the games, by agreeing to give Havana the 1991 Games, provided Cuba participated in the 1987 Games in Indianapolis.https://www.indystar.com/story/life/2017/08/06/brawlers-provocateurs-even-assassins-how-indy-became-sports-town/463857001/ Brawlers, provocateurs, even assassins: How Indy became a sports town Higgins Will August 6, 2017 Indianapolis Star December 1, 2018 en Organization The city of Indianapolis created an organizing committee called Pan American Ten/Indianapolis (PAX/I). It had eighteen operating divisions, 300 paid staff, and 37,000 volunteers. Symbols thumb|upright=0.7|Amigo, the 1987 Pan American Games mascot The logo of the 1987 Pan Am Games consisted of five stylized X's, the Roman numeral for ten. Designed by Michael Hayes of the JMH Corporation in Indianapolis, the seven colors represented the wildlife and flags of western hemisphere countries. The mascot was Amigo, a green parrot, designed by Jerry Reynolds of Perennial Pictures in Indianapolis. Amigo represented friendliness and festivity. The official music of the X Pan American Games was Pan American Fanfare by Lalo Schifrin. Broadcasting rights The rights for the 1987 games were won by CBS with a bid of $4,000,000, and Brent Musburger hosted. CBS aired 26 hours of coverage, all on weekend afternoons, including live coverage of the Opening Ceremony from the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. Additionally, CBS provided the world feed. Because these games were first since the Cuban Revolution in which Cuban athletes were competing in the United States, the ratings were boosted by their participation, providing a United States-Cuba showdown in many events. Venues The 1987 Pan Am Games were held at a total of 23 sites. The athletes village, which provided lodging and dining for the athletes, was located at Fort Benjamin Harrison in Lawrence, Indiana. +Venues for the 1987 Pan American Games Venue LocationSport(s)/EventsEagle Creek ParkIndianapolis, IndianaArchery, Canoeing, RowingIU Michael A. Carroll Track & Soccer StadiumIndianapolis, IndianaAthleticsBush StadiumIndianapolis, IndianaBaseballMarket Square ArenaIndianapolis, IndianaBasketballBrown County State ParkNashville, Indiana Mountain BikingIndiana Convention CenterIndianapolis, IndianaBoxing, Fencing, Field Hockey, Rhythmic gymnasticsHoosier DomeIndianapolis, IndianaClosing ceremonies, Gymnastics, HandballMajor Taylor VelodromeIndianapolis, IndianaCyclingIndiana University NatatoriumIndianapolis, IndianaDiving, Swimming, Synchronized swimming, Water poloHoosier Horse ParkEdinburgh, IndianaEquestrian eventsIndianapolis Motor SpeedwaySpeedway, IndianaOpening ceremonies, Speed roller skating, CyclingCarmel Ice SkadiumCarmel, IndianaRoller hockey, Roller figure skatingKuntz Memorial Soccer StadiumIndianapolis, IndianaSoccerIUPUI Softball ComplexIndianapolis, IndianaSoftballIUPUI GymnasiumIndianapolis, IndianaTaekwondo, JudoIndianapolis Tennis CenterIndianapolis, IndianaTennisCircle TheatreIndianapolis, IndianaWeightliftingUniversity of IndianapolisIndianapolis, IndianaWrestlingLake MichiganMichigan City, IndianaYachting Games Opening ceremony thumb|Opening ceremonies and speed roller skating were held in the Indianapolis Motor Speedway The opening ceremony was held on the main straight of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, the site of the Indianapolis 500. Crowd size reports range from 69,518, the official capacity of the stadium proper,https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-08-09-sp-425-story.html THE 1987 PAN AMERICAN GAMES : Bush League Problems at Gate : Crowd Control Fiasco Mars Opening in Indianapolis DWYRE BILL 1987-08-09 Los Angeles Times 2018-12-01 en-US 0458-3035 to 80,000. The show, The Magic that is America, was produced by The Walt Disney Company at a cost of several million dollars. The 6,500 performers made it the largest outdoor live entertainment show held in the United States up to that date,The Games of August: Official Commemorative Book Showmasters 1987 978-0-9619676-0-4 Indianapolis and the largest opening ceremony of the Pan Am games. The organizers had originally budgeted $2.5 million for the opening and closing ceremonies, but all the proposals by Disney exceeded that figure, so the committee decided to use that entire amount to stage the opening ceremony.PAX/Indianapolis 1989 47 Sandi Patty was a featured singer and the show included hot air balloons and military fighter jets. Dignitaries included IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch, Indianapolis Mayor William H. Hudnut III, Indiana Governor Robert D. Orr, and PASO President Mario Vazquez Raña. U.S. Vice President George H. W. Bush officially opened the games, and additional security protocols for his presence led to about 5000 people being delayed in lines, with twelve people fainting. Flag bearers in the Parade of Nations included the games' oldest athlete, 70-year-old yachtsman Durward Knowles of the Bahamas, basketball star José Ortiz of Puerto Rico, and baseball pitcher Jim Abbott of the United States. The Canadian delegation engaged with the crowd by playing frisbee with them. In keeping with Pan American Games tradition, a flame was lit at Cerro de la Estrella in Mexico City. The flame was flown to Chicago on July 16, and was carried along an 1,100-mile torch relay that encircled the state of Indiana before arriving in Indianapolis on August 7."Torch journeys through Knox County on its way to the Opening Ceremony" (includes statewide map of torch relay route), Vincennes Sun-Commercial, July 26, 1987, page 16."Who would you like to light torch for Pan Am Games?", Indianapolis Star, July 12, 1987, page 6B. Money raised during the torch relay was donated to Indianapolis's Riley Hospital for Children, which received more than $10,000.PAX/Indianapolis 1989 173 The final leg of the torch relay had the flame passed from Indianapolis-born basketball player Oscar Robertson to gymnast Kristie Phillips to sprinter Wilma Rudolph, also from Indianapolis, who lit the cauldron. During the opening ceremony, a plane chartered by anti-Castro Cuban-American activists flew a banner urging Cuban athletes to defect. Events Thirty sports were contested at the tenth Pan American Games for a total of 321 events. Five were contested for the first time in 1987, including handball. vertical 220 Men's basketball team, 1987 Pan American Games.JPEG The United States' basketball team included a young David Robinson Boxing at the 1987 Pan American Games.JPEG American Michael Bentt and Cuban Félix Savón in a boxing match 20em 30px Archery 30px Athletics 30px Baseball 30px Basketball 30px Boxing 30px Canoeing 30px Cycling 30px Diving 30px Equestrian 30px Fencing 30px Field hockey 30px|alt=|link= Figure skating 30px Football (soccer) 30px Gymnastics 30px Handball 30px Judo 30px Modern Pentathlon 30px Roller skating 30px Rowing 30px Sailing 30px Shooting 30px Softball 30px Swimming 30px Synchronized swimming 30px Table tennis 30px Taekwondo 30px Tennis 30px Volleyball 30px Water polo 30px Weightlifting 30px Wrestling Participating nations 38 nations participated in the tenth Pan American Games. Four countries competed for the first time in 1987: Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, and Grenada. 20em ATG 1987 (28) ARG 1987 (377) ARU 1987 (45) BAH 1987 (50) BAR 1987 (85) BIZ 1987 (43) BER 1987 (72) BOL 1987 (28) BRA 1987 (410) IVB 1987 CAN 1987 (631) CAY 1987 CHI 1987 (105) COL 1987 (260) CRC 1987 CUB 1987 (535) DOM 1987 (135) ECU 1987 (60) ESA 1987 (93) GRN 1987 (7) GUA 1987 (92) GUY 1987 (17) HAI 1987 (4) HON 1987 JAM 1987 (108) MEX 1987 (353) AHO 1987 (92) NIC 1987 (40) PAN 1987 (100) PAR 1987 (65) PER 1987 (110) PUR 1987 (341) SUR 1987 TTO 1987 (80) USA 1987 (743) ISV 1987 URU 1987 (107) VEN 1987 (210) Protests involving the Cuban delegation during the games Tension between Cuba and the United States had already been an issue with the selection of Indianapolis over Havana for the site of the games, 1987-08-02 PAN AM GAMES: FROM PERON TO THE PRESENT https://www.chicagotribune.com/1987/08/02/pan-am-games-from-peron-to-the-present/ 2024-09-09 Chicago Tribune en-US and a Cuban boycott had been avoided only when Fidel Castro received a promise that the 1991 Pan American Games would be held in Havana. After the incident with a plane flying a banner urging Cuban athletes to defect in the opening ceremony, Cuban immigrants to the United States continued to use the games as a way to confront the Castro regime, using the Cuban athletes as a proxy. This games marked the first time since the Cuban Revolution that Cuban athletes had participated in the United States. At a baseball game in Bush Stadium between Cuba and the Netherlands Antilles the day after the opening ceremony, Cuban-American protestors taunted the Cuban players, threw flyers at them, and mocked them with offers of cash. A fight broke out, but only one bystander was injured and hospitalized after Indianapolis police broke up the fight by preventing the Cuban players from entering the stands. At a subsequent game against Puerto Rico, some Cuban players were able to enter the stands to chase protestors before being stopped. During boxing events at the Indiana Convention Center, anti-Castro Cuban-American protestors mocked the Cuban boxers from the stands. The police were unable to stop the Cuban boxers from entering the stands and punching the protestors in retaliation. According to witnesses, up to a dozen Cuban boxers, including Pablo Romero, as well as a hundred spectators were involved. Two people were hospitalized. After these incidents Manuel Gonzalez Guerra, who was Cuba's top sports official, publicly demanded that organizers keep the anti-Castro protestors away from the Cuban athletes. In private, he also unsuccessfully asked the Indianapolis police chief to lock the activists up. Mark Miles, the president of the organizing committee, made a phone call to the Ronald Reagan administration in the White House, who subsequently pressed Cuban-American activists groups to dial down the pressure by the final week. Medal count thumb|upright=0.7|The United States received the most medals. Pictured here is their trap shooting team receiving gold 1987 Pan American Games medal table  1  Host nation +Medals by nation in the 1987 Pan American Games Rank Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total 1USA 1987 1 1 a169/168120/11881/83370/369 2CUB 1987755248175 3CAN 1987 1 a3056/5775161/162 4BRA 198714143361 5ARG 198712142248 Notes 1 The medal counts for the United States and Canada differ in various sources. Indianapolis Museum of Art exhibition Coinciding with the Pan American Games was the Indianapolis Museum of Art exhibition Art of the Fantastic: Latin America, 1920–1987. The exhibition presented 125 works by artists from a variety of nations, including Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, Puerto Rico, the United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela.Every Way Possible: 125 Years of the Indianapolis Museum of Art Berry S.L. Indianapolis Museum of Art 2008 Well-known artists such as Frida Kahlo and Roberto Matta were featured, as well as artists who had never exhibited outside their native country.Alexander Nancy June 1987 The Art of the Fantastic: The works of three generations of artists explore the Latin American experience in a dazzling new exhibit at the IMA Indianapolis Magazine The show was the first large-scale presentation of 20th-century Latin American art in the U.S. in over 20 years and was the museum's first contemporary exhibition to travel. Closing ceremony thumb|Pan American Plaza in 1988. Closing ceremonies were held inside the Hoosier Dome. These were the first Pan American Games to feature closing ceremonies in an indoor space. The closing ceremony was initially planned to take place at the American Legion Mall, a popular site for open air events on the Indiana World War Memorial Plaza in downtown Indianapolis. However, in April, the management of the American Legion objected because of protocol issues: the flag of the host country (the United States) would be lowered and that of the host country of the next Pan American games (Cuba), with whom the U.S. had hostile relations, would be raised to fly by itself. In June, the organizing committee decided to relocate the ceremony to the Hoosier Dome. Because the gymnastics finals were scheduled to end only a few hours before the closing ceremony, it was decided to use only a portion of the dome, limiting attendance to 35,000 instead of 60,000. Despite the initial budget for all ceremonies having been allocated exclusively to the opening ceremony, the closing ceremony was staged for $500,000.PAX/Indianapolis 1989 51 The headline act was Cuban-American Gloria Estefan and her band, Miami Sound Machine, which was selected, according to the organizing committee, because her album Let It Loose had just achieved platinum sales. The choice of Castro-critic Estefan, who had fled with her family during the Cuban Revolution while her father stayed behind and was imprisoned, led the Cuban delegation to again threaten the boycott. In the end, they attended the closing ceremony, but returned to the stands and sat during the dancing. The ceremony ended with indoor fireworks, and the spectators were invited to exit the building to see a 25-minute outdoor fireworks display.PAX/Indianapolis 1989 52 Impact thumb|After the Pan Am Games, the Indianapolis Tennis Center became the annual venue for the Indianapolis Tennis Championships The Pan Am Games brought about $175 million (1988 USD, $355.1 million 2016 USD) to Indianapolis's economy.Price Nelson Indianapolis Then & Now Thunder Bay Press San Diego, California 2004 77 1-59223-208-6https://www.usinflationcalculator.com/ Inflation Calculator US Inflation Calculator US Inflation Calculator Hosting the Games cost about $30 million. Indianapolis was the first Pan American Games host city to break even financially.Bodenhamer 1994 1495 Hosting the games also attracted many sports organizations to consider Indianapolis as a site for their headquarters, most notably the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Bibliography Bodenhamer David J. The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis Indiana University Press 1994 978-0-253-31222-8 https://books.google.com/books?id=bg13QcMSsq8C 2008-12-29 https://www.panamsports.org/downloads/pdf/panamgames/1987-indianapolis-lq.pdf The Tenth Pan American Games Indianapolis 7–23 August 1983 PAX/Indianapolis, Inc. 1989 Indianapolis PAX/Indianapolis 1989 April 28, 2023 References External links Indianapolis 1987 - X Pan American Games - Official Report at PanamSports.org en es Caracas X Pan American Games Indianapolis (1987) Havana Pan American Games Category:Pan American Games Category:International sports competitions hosted by the United States Pan American Games Pan Pan Category:Multi-sport events in the United States Pan American Games Category:August 1987 sports events in the United States Category:1980s in Indianapolis