1914 Tour de France

April 2019 May 2019 1914 Tour de France Route of the 1914 Tour de France.png Route of the 1914 Tour de France followed counterclockwise, starting in Paris Map of France with the route of the 1914 Tour de France on it, showing that the race started in Paris, went clockwise through France and ended in Paris after fifteen stages. 360px 28 June – 26 July 1914 15 5380 km 200h 28' 48" Philippe Thys BEL Peugeot–Wolber Henri Pélissier FRA Peugeot–Wolber Jean Alavoine FRA Peugeot–Wolber 1913 1919 The 1914 Tour de France was the 12th edition of the Tour de France, taking place in 15 stages from 28 June to 26 July. The total distance was 5380 km mi and the average speed of the riders was 26.835 km/h mph.Augendre 2016 108 It was won by the Belgian cyclist Philippe Thys. The day the Tour began, Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria was assassinated in Sarajevo, marking the start of the July Crisis which would lead to World War I. On 3 August Germany invaded Belgium and declared war on France, making this Tour the last for five years, until 1919. The three men who won the Tour between 1907 and 1910 would die in the war.Wheatcroft, Geoffrey. Le Tour: a history of the Tour de France, 1903-2003, p. 59. London: Pocket Books, 2003. Innovations and changes Not much changed from the 1913 Tour de France, the most important novelty was the introduction of frame numbers.http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1914/histoire.html 1914 - 12th Tour de France ASO 30 May 2009 https://archive.today/20090601205419/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/TDF/1914/fr/annee.html 1 June 2009 dead Philippe Thys, who had won the 1913 Tour de France, was returning in 1914 and considered favourite, together with his teammate Henri Pélissier.McGann McGann 2006 47–50 Apart from him six other previous Tour de France winners started the race: Louis Trousselier, Lucien Petit-Breton, Octave Lapize, François Faber, Odile Defraye and Gustave Garrigou. Four more cyclists started the race that would later win a Tour de France: Firmin Lambot, Léon Scieur, Henri Pélissier and Lucien Buysse. This number of 11 former or future Tour de France winners on the start line is a record. In addition, Italian champion Costante Girardengo, started the race,http://www.wielercentrum.com/tourdefrance/achtergronden\tourverhalen\1914--Philippe-Thys-heerst-vanaf-de-eerste-dag-500.html 1914: Philippe Thys heerst vanaf de eerste dag Tourdefrance.nl 19 March 2003 31 May 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20120323021137/http://www.wielercentrum.com/tourdefrance/achtergronden//tourverhalen//1914--Philippe-Thys-heerst-vanaf-de-eerste-dag-500.html 23 March 2012 usurped dmy-all but Girardengo was not yet the champion from 1919 on, and was not the team leader.McGann McGann 2006 47–50 In 1914, the first cyclists from Australia started the Tour de France, Don Kirkham and Iddo Munro. They also finished the race, in 17th place and 20th place.http://sportal.com.au/tour-de-france-aussiesontour Aussies and Kiwis on Tour Sportal.com 31 May 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20090707225419/http://sportal.com.au/tour-de-france-aussiesontour 7 July 2009 dead The cyclists used whistles, to warn other persons that they were coming (mainly downhill). Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1914 Tour de France Race overview 1914 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 8 1914 Tour de France, Stage 9 to Stage 15 thumb|upright|Philippe Thys, the winner of the 1914 Tour de France Thys was dominant in the entire race. Even though he only won the first stage, he finished in the top five every other stage.http://www.nieuwsdossier.nl/dossier/1914-07-26/Philippe+Thys+wint+Tour+de+France+1914 Philippe Thys wint Tour de France 1914 Nieuwsdossier 25 January 2008 31 May 2008 nl https://web.archive.org/web/20110722003551/http://www.nieuwsdossier.nl/dossier/1914-07-26/Philippe+Thys+wint+Tour+de+France+1914 22 July 2011 live In that first stage, Jean Rossius finished second with the same time. The second stage was won by Rossius, with Thys in the same time. Both had the same time, and the same finishing places, so they were both given the lead in the general classification. In the third stage, the riders reached the first check point one hour late, after they had taken the wrong route and rode 30 km in the wrong direction.http://aalst.courant.nu/index.php?page=3&mod=krantresultaat&q=ronde+van+frankrijk&datering=&krant=&qt=paragraaf&pagina=&sort=score+desc&paragraaf=69&doc=0&p=3&paragraaf=88&y=73 De derde rit - Cherbourg-Brest 3 July 1914 De Volksstem aalst.courant.nu nl 4 May 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190346/http://aalst.courant.nu/index.php?page=3&mod=krantresultaat&q=ronde+van+frankrijk&datering=&krant=&qt=paragraaf&pagina=&sort=score+desc&paragraaf=69&doc=0&p=3&paragraaf=88&y=73 24 July 2011 dead dmy-all The race was then stopped and restarted from the first check point.http://aalst.courant.nu/index.php?page=3&mod=krantresultaat&q=ronde+van+frankrijk&datering=&krant=&qt=paragraaf&pagina=&sort=score+desc&paragraaf=69&doc=0&p=3&paragraaf=88&y=73 De Ronde van Frankrijk - Nog de 3e rit: Cherborg-Brest 4 July 1914 De Volksstem aalst.courant.nu nl 4 May 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190346/http://aalst.courant.nu/index.php?page=3&mod=krantresultaat&q=ronde+van+frankrijk&datering=&krant=&qt=paragraaf&pagina=&sort=score+desc&paragraaf=69&doc=0&p=3&paragraaf=88&y=73 24 July 2011 dead dmy-all The lead remained shared between Rossius and Thys until after the fifth stage, when Thys got away from Rossius.McGann McGann 2006 47–50 After that stage, Pélissier was third in the classification with only 5'27" behind.http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1914_5.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120222105150/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1914_5.php 22 February 2012 28 October 2016 dead 12ème Tour de France 1914 - 5ème étape Mémoire du cyclisme fr In the sixth stage, the Pyrenees mountains appeared. The stage was won by Lambot, with Thys only 7 minutes behind. The other competitors did worse, with Pélissier losing over 30 minutes and Rossius over one hour. Thys was firmly in the lead. In that stage, Ali Neffati was hit by a car from the organization, and could not continue. According to the rules, he did not have to finish the stage, and was given a time which allowed him to keep his 42nd place in the overall classification.http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1914_6.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120222105155/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1914_6.php 22 February 2012 28 October 2016 dead 12ème Tour de France 1914 - 6ème étape Mémoire du cyclisme fr In the sixth stage, Girardengo crashed again, and retired from the Tour, never to come back.McGann McGann 2006 47–50 The weather was hot, and in the eighth stage, the cyclists did not want to race and cycled at a low speed. Tour organiser Henri Desgrange then stopped the race, and organised a sprint tournament, with semifinals and finals, which was won by Octave Lapize. In the ninth stage, former winner Faber was penalised with 90 minutes, because he had been pushed and took drinks from a motor cyclist.http://users.skynet.be/Tour1a/1903-2003%20centenaire.htm nl 31 May 2009 Ronde van Frankrijk 1903 - 2006 25 March 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110325030039/http://users.skynet.be/Tour1a/1903-2003%20centenaire.htm dead Pélissier, still in second place, had done his best to win back time, but he only managed to win back a few minutes. After the thirteenth stage, he was still 31 minutes and 50 seconds behind.http://www.cyclingrevealed.com/timeline/Race%20Snippets/TdF/TdF1914.htm 12th Tour de France 1914 Barry Boyce 31 May 2009 Cycling Revealed In the 14th stage to Dunkerque, Thys' bicycle broke. It was not allowed to get help while fixing your bicycle, and in the 1913 Tour de France, Eugene Christophe lost his chances of a victory by repairing his own bicycle. Thys decided to take the risk of a time penalty, and bought a new wheel at a shop.McGann McGann 2006 47–50 This cost him a 30-minute penalty, which left Thys with only 1:50 ahead of Pélissier. Pélissier did his best to overcome the gap, but Thys followed him. In the stage to Dunkerque, Pélissier claimed spectators prevented him from getting away from Thys.http://www.veloarchive.com/races/tour/1914.php 1914: Thys in spite of Pélissier 31 May 2009 14 August 2003 Tom James In the end, Thys stayed less than two minutes ahead of Henri Pélissier, and managed to keep that margin until the finish in Paris. Results In each stage, all cyclists started together. The cyclist who reached the finish first, was the winner of the stage. The time that each cyclist required to finish the stage was recorded. For the general classification, these times were added up; the cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader. Stage results + Stage characteristics and winnershttp://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1914.php Mémoire du cyclisme 12ème Tour de France 1914 fr 30 May 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20090503042558/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1914.php 3 May 2009 dead Augendre 2016 16http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1914 Tour de France GC top ten Arian Zwegers CVCC 30 May 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20080516071832/http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html 16 May 2008 live The history of the Tour de France – Year 1914 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1914/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402233132/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1914/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance TypeIn 1914, there was no distinction in the rules between plain stages and mountain stages; the icons shown here indicate which stages included mountains. Winner Race leader 1 28 June Paris to Le Havre 388 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Philippe Thys BEL Philippe Thys BELjoint From the first to the fifth stage, Thys and Rossius finished in the same times, leading the classification. In all sources, Thys is recorded as leader after the first stage, which he won, but from the second to the fifth stage, they are marked as joint leaders. 2 30 June Le Havre to Cherbourg-en-Cotentin 364 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean Rossius BEL Philippe Thys BELjointJean Rossius BELjoint 3 2 July Cherbourg to Brest 405 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Emile Engel FRA Philippe Thys BELjointJean Rossius BELjoint 4 4 July Brest to La Rochelle 470 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Oscar Egg SUI Philippe Thys BELjointJean Rossius BELjoint 5 6 July La Rochelle to Bayonne 376 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Oscar Egg SUI Philippe Thys BELjoint Jean Rossius BELjoint 6 8 July Bayonne to Luchon 326 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Firmin Lambot BEL Philippe Thys BEL 7 10 July Luchon to Perpignan 323 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Jean Alavoine FRA Philippe Thys BEL 8 12 July Perpignan to Marseille 370 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Octave Lapize FRA Philippe Thys BEL 9 14 July Marseille to Nice 338 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Jean Rossius BEL Philippe Thys BEL 10 16 July Nice to Grenoble 323 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Henri Pélissier FRA Philippe Thys BEL 11 18 July Grenoble to Geneva 325 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Gustave Garrigou FRA Philippe Thys BEL 12 20 July Geneva to Belfort 325 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Henri Pélissier FRA Philippe Thys BEL 13 22 July Belfort to Longwy 325 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) François Faber LUX Philippe Thys BEL 14 24 July Longwy to Dunkerque 390 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage François Faber LUX Philippe Thys BEL 15 26 July Dunkerque to Paris 340 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Henri Pélissier FRA Philippe Thys BEL Total 5380 km 0 onAugendre 2016 108 General classification thumb|Philippe Thys, the winner of the 1914 Tour de France.|alt=A man on a bicycle. + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1914 – Stage 15 Dunkerque > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1914/1500/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402214432/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1914/1500/etape.html dead Rank Rider Team Time1 Philippe Thys BEL Peugeot–Wolber 200h 28' 48"2 Henri Pélissier FRA Peugeot–Wolber + 1' 50"3 Jean Alavoine FRA Peugeot–Wolber + 36' 53"4 Jean Rossius BEL Alcyon–Soly + 1h 57' 05"5 Gustave Garrigou FRA Peugeot–Wolber + 3h 00' 21"6 Emile Georget FRA Peugeot–Wolber + 3h 20' 59"7 Alfons Spiessens BEL J.B. Louvet–Continental + 3h 53' 55"8 Firmin Lambot BEL Peugeot–Wolber + 5h 08' 54"9 François Faber LUX Peugeot–Wolber + 6h 15' 53"10 Louis Heusghem BEL Peugeot–Wolber + 7h 49' 02" Final general classification (11–54) Rank Rider Sponsor Time11 Eugène Christophe FRA Peugeot–Wolber + 8h 31' 58"12 Ernest Paul FRA Delage–Continental + 9h 42' 51"13 Oscar Egg SUI Peugeot–Wolber + 10h 00' 40"14 Léon Scieur BEL Thoman–Joly + 10h 02' 30"15 Camille Botte BEL — + 10h 14' 33"16 Angelo Erba ITA 1861 Alleluia–Continental + 11h 21' 22"17 Donald Kirkham AUS Phebus–Dunlop + 11h 53' 39"18 Hector Tiberghien BEL Delage–Continental + 12h 23' 21"19 Jacques Coomans BEL Thoman–Joly + 12h 24' 15"20 Iddo Munro AUS Phebus–Dunlop + 12h 34' 57"21 Charles Charron FRA Delage–Continental + 12h 59' 23"22 Henri Devroye BEL Armor–Soly + 13h 22' 14"23 Maurice Brocco FRA Gladiator–Dunlop + 14h 32' 36"24 Julien Tuytten BEL — + 14h 36' 14"25 Vincenzo Borgarello ITA 1861 Clement–Dunlop + 15h 18' 21"26 Louis Petitjean BEL Delage–Continental + 15h 38' 44"27 Jules Nempon FRA J.B. Louvet–Continental + 16h 32' 55"28 René Vandenberghe BEL J.B. Louvet–Continental + 17h 05' 07"29 Marcel Baumler FRA Peugeot–Wolber + 17h 07' 55"30 Marcel Godivier FRA Gladiator–Dunlop + 18h 18' 57"31 Paul Duboc FRA Automoto + 18h 35' 32"32 Pierre Everaerts BEL — + 19h 21' 04"33 Ottavio Pratesi ITA 1861 — + 20h 31' 40"34 Constant Ménager FRA Gladiator–Dunlop + 20h 58' 45"35 Charles Cruchon FRA Gladiator–Dunlop + 21h 04' 56"36 Jules Deloffre FRA — + 22h 03' 15"37 Camillo Bertarelli ITA 1861 Alleluia–Continental + 23h 08' 26"38 Louis Trousselier FRA Automoto + 23h 44' 30"39 Adrien Alpini ITA 1861 — + 26h 11' 22"40 Gaston Degy FRA Automoto + 29h 05' 54"41 Raymond Harquet FRA Alleluia–Continental + 30h 04' 05"42 Louis Engel FRA Delage–Continental + 30h 54' 28"43 Emile Guyon SUI — + 30h 55' 10"44 Mario Spinelli ITA 1861 — + 35h 13' 35"45 Charles Kippert FRA Gladiator–Dunlop + 35h 56' 03"46 Charles Dumont SUI — + 37h 42' 31"47 René Cottrel FRA — + 37h 42' 31"48 Sante Goi ITA 1861 — + 52h 15' 32"49 Emilio Cuchetti ITA 1861 — + 59h 20' 16"50 Gaston Neboux FRA — + 59h 59' 01"51 Henri Allard BEL — + 67h 46' 24"52 Henri Alavoine FRA — + 72h 55' 21"53 Marcel Rottie FRA — + 84h 03' 10"54 Henri Leclerc FRA — + 99h 04' 45" Other classifications Camille Botte, ranked 15 in the general classification, became the winner of the "isolés" category.http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/fr/TDF/1914/histoire.html l'Historique du Tour - Année 1914 fr Amaury Sport Organisation 8 January 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20090720085713/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/fr/TDF/1914/histoire.html 20 July 2009 dead dmy-all The "isolés" classification was calculated in the same way as the general classification, but only the isolated cyclists (not part of a team) were eligible. The organising newspaper l'Auto named Firmin Lambot the meilleur grimpeur. This unofficial title is the precursor to the mountains classification.Cleijne 2014 156 Aftermath One week after the race ended, Germany had declared war on France, starting World War I in France. This made the organization of a big cycling race impossible for the next four years, and the Tour de France would start again in 1919. By that time, Tour de France champions Lucien Petit-Breton, François Faber and Octave Lapize had died in the first world war. The winner of the 1914 Tour de France, Philippe Thys, would survive the war, and go on for his third victory in 1920. Henri Pélissier, the runner-up, would win the Tour de France in 1923. Notes References 30em Bibliography Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 PDF Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live Cleijne Jan Legends of the Tour https://books.google.com/books?id=3nCNAwAAQBAJ 2014 London Head of Zeus 978-1-78185-998-8 McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1903–1964 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=jxq20JskqMUC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis, IN 2006 978-1-59858-180-5 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 46–47 9780007543991 872700415 External links 1914 Tour de France 1 8 9 15 Tour de France Category:Tour de France by year Tour de France Tour de France Tour de France