1 Chronicles 3

First Book of Chronicles, chapter 3 1 Chronicles 3 1 Chronicles 2 chapter 2 1 Chronicles 4 chapter 4 Books of Chronicles Old Testament 13 Ketuvim Leningrad-codex-14-chronicles.pdf 250px The complete Hebrew text of the Books of Chronicles (1 and 2 Chronicles) in the Leningrad Codex (1008 CE). 1 Chronicles 3 is the third chapter of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Chronicles in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.Ackroyd 1993 113Mathys 2007 268 The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or 4th century BCE.Ackroyd 1993 113–114 This chapter contains the genealogy of unbroken Davidic line from the time of David to the post-exilic period, providing a possibility of the reinstatement of the Davidic monarchy in Jerusalem with its rightful heir, should circumstances allow.Mathys 2007 269 It is divided into three parts: (1) the sons of David (born in Hebron, verses 1–4; born in Jerusalem, verses 5–9); (2) the kings in Jerusalem (apart from the usurper Queen Athaliah, verses 10–16); (3) the descendants during and after the exile period, verses 17–24.Mathys 2007 269 Together with chapters 2 and 4, it focuses on the descendants of Judah: chapter 2 deals with the tribes of Judah in general, chapter 3 lists the sons of David in particular and chapter 4 concerns the remaining families in the tribe of Judah and the tribe of Simeon.Mathys 2007 269 These chapters belong to the section focusing on the list of genealogies from Adam to the lists of the people returning from exile in Babylon (1 Chronicles 1:1 to 9:34).Ackroyd 1993 113 Text This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language. It is divided into 24 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Würthwein 1995 35-37 There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century) and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century).Würthwein 1995 73-74The extant Codex Sinaiticus only contains 1 Chronicles 9:27–19:17.Würthwein Ernst Der Text des Alten Testaments Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft 2nd Stuttgart 1988 85 3-438-06006-XSwete Henry Barclay Henry Barclay Swete An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek Macmillan and Co. Cambridge 1902 https://archive.org/stream/anintrotooldtes00swetuoft#page/128/mode/2up 129–130 Codex Sinaiticus Old Testament references 1 Chronicles 3:1–4 9: 2 Samuel 3:2–5 9Gilbert 1897 280 1 Chronicles 3:5–8 9: 2 Samuel 5:14–16 9; 1 Chronicles 14:4–7 9Gilbert 1897 280 1 Chronicles 3:10–16 9: 1 and 2 KingsGilbert 1897 280 Structure The whole chapter belongs to an arrangement comprising 1 Chronicles 2:3–8:40 with the king-producing tribes of Judah (David; 2:3–4:43) and Benjamin (Saul; 8:1–40) bracketing the series of lists as the priestly tribe of Levi (6:1–81) anchors the center, in the following order:Throntveit 2003 376 A David's royal tribe of Judah (2:3–4:43) B Northern tribes east of Jordan (5:1–26) X The priestly tribe of Levi (6:1–81) B' Northern tribes west of Jordan (7:1–40) A' Saul's royal tribe of Benjamin (8:1–40)Throntveit 2003 376 Another concentric arrangement focuses on David's royal tribe of Judah (2:3–4:23), centering on the family of Hezron, Judah's grandson, through his three sons: Jerahmeel, Ram, and Chelubai (Caleb),Williamson, H. G. M. "1 and 2 Chronicles" (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982) pp. 25–28. apud Throntveit 2003, p. 376. as follows:Throntveit 2003 376 A Descendants of Judah: Er, Onan, and Shelah (2:3–8) B Descendants of Ram up to David (2:9–17) C Descendants of Caleb (2:18–24) D Descendants of Jerahmeel (2:25–33) D' Descendants of Jerahmeel (2:34–41) C' Descendants of Caleb (2:42–55) B' Descendants of Ram following David [David's descendants] (3:1–24) A' Descendants of Shelah, Judah s only surviving son (4:21–23)Throntveit 2003 376 Sons born to David in Hebron (3:1–4) The house of David is the main focus within the large genealogy of Judah.Endres 2012 10 This section shares almost word for word materials with 2 Samuel 3:2–5.Mathys 2007 269 Verse 1 Now these were the sons of David, which were born unto him in Hebron; the firstborn Amnon, of Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; the second Daniel, of Abigail the Carmelitess:1 Chronicles 3:1 KJV KJV "The second, Daniel": called "Chileab" (en כלאב ke-le-ab, meaning "like to father") in 2 Samuel 3:3.Clarke, Adam (1832) "Commentary on 1 Chronicles 3". "The Adam Clarke Commentary". Study Light. A text of Septuaginta of 2 Samuel 3:3 reads "Dalouia".Tuell 2012 25 The Targum states, "The second, Daniel, who was also called Chileab, because he was in every respect like to his father." Jarchi says the two names were given to this person because David had taken Abigail immediately after the death of Nabal, so it could not be ascertained whether this child were the son of David or of Nabal, therefore David called him "Daniel" (he דניאל, meaning "God ('El') is my Judge", which is, that he is David's son) and "Chileab" ("he who is like to the father") due to the striking resemblance to David. Verse 4 These six were born unto him in Hebron; and there he reigned seven years and six months: and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty and three years.1 Chronicles 3:4 KJV KJV Verse 4 apparently is a rework of 2 Samuel 5:5 9.Mathys 2007 269 The move from Hebron to Jerusalem is not explained, assuming the readers' knowledge of the narratives in the earlier materials.Tuell 2012 25 Sons born to David in Jerusalem (3:5–9) This section shares the same materials as 2 Samuel 5:14-16 (also in 1 Chronicles 14:4–7), and verse 9 from 2 Samuel 5:13; 13:1.Mathys 2007 269–270 Verse 5 And these were born unto him in Jerusalem; Shimea, and Shobab, and Nathan, and Solomon, four, of Bathshua the daughter of Ammiel:1 Chronicles 3:5 KJV KJV "Bath-shua, the daughter of Ammiel": called "Bathsheba the daughter of Eliam the wife of Uriah the Hittite" in 2 Samuel 11:3. Nothing is said about the adultery with David, nor about Uriah's murder. Four children are listed from her, whereas 2 Samuel only mentions Solomon and the older son, who was conceived in adultery and died young as David's punishment (2 Samuel 12:13–14 9).Tuell 2012 25 Davidic royal line (3:10–16) The kings of Judah are listed here from Solomon up to the period of exile, following a monotonous formula—"his son was X"—until Josiah, who had several sons succeeding him, so that the Chronicler changes the listing method.Mathys 2007 270 The sources could be 2 Kings 22–24 and Book of Jeremiah (which uses Shallum, the alternative name of Joahaz, in Jeremiah 22:11).Mathys 2007 270 Parts of the list are repeated in 1 Chronicles 14:4–7, whereas in other parts some kings have different names from the rest of Chronicles (for examples, Azariah instead of Uzziah), and Zerubbabel's father is called Pedaiah, and not Shealtiel, as in Ezra 3:2, 8.Mathys 2007 269 Verse 15 And the sons of Josiah were, the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.1 Chronicles 3:15 KJV KJV "Shallum": as also called with this name in Jeremiah 22:11, took the throne name "Jehoahaz" (2 Kings 23:29–30; 2 Chronicles 36:1) and ruled for 3 months before being deported by Pharaoh Necho to Egypt. In his place, the pharaoh installed his older brother, Jehoiakim (2 Kings 23:31–35; Jeremiah 22:10–12).Tuell 2012 25 Verse 16 And the sons of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, Zedekiah his son.1 Chronicles 3:16 KJV KJV Two sons of Jehoiakim are listed here: "Jeconiah" (also called "Jehoiachin" in 2 Kings 24:6–17; 2 Chronicles 36:8–9, and "Coniah" in Jeremiah 22:24) and "Zedekiah", which confirmed in 2 Chronicles 36:10 as the brother of Jeconiah.Tuell 2012 25–26 2 Kings 24:17 states that king Zedekiah (the last king of Judah who replaced Jeconiah) was Jeconiah's uncle. Jeremiah consistently called Jehoiakim the son of Josiah and never called Zedekiah as the son of Josiah, leading to the assumption that Zedekiah in the book of Jeremiah refers to the brother of Jeconiah.Tuell 2012 26 Post-exilic descendants of David (3:17–24) This section lists the descendants of David – in particular, the posterity of Jeconiah – during the exile and into the early part of post-exilic period.Mathys 2007 270 Jeconiah was taken away to Babylon in 597 BCE and among his seven sons, Shenazzar (called Shenazzar in Ezra 1:8-11 9; both names are the transliteration of Babylon name: "Sin-ab-uṣur"), became the first Persian-period governor of Judah.Tuell 2012 26 Verse 17 And the sons of Jeconiah; Assir, Salathiel his son,1 Chronicles 3:17 KJV KJV "Assir" (he אסר ’as-sir H 617):1 Chronicles 3:17 Hebrew Text Analysis. Biblehub means "captive", "bondman", or "prisoner"; it does not appear to be a person's name here, but to signify that Jeconiah was a captive when he had his son, Salathiel (cf. Matthew 1:12).Benson, Joseph. Commentary on the Old and New Testaments: 1 Chronicles 3, accessed 9 July 2019. This interpretation 'accords with the Masoretic punctuation, which connects the term "assir" with Jeconiah', not to be rendered as "Jeconiah the captive" (which would require the definite article not found in the original), but rather as "Jeconiah when in captivity" or "as a captive." "Salathiel" (from Greek form in Septuagint grc Σαλαθιήλ; also in Matthew 1:12): transliterated from Hebrew: he שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵ֖ל šə-’al-tî-’êl H 7597, "Shealti-el" (meaning "request of God"), written in Haggai 1:12 he, Haggai 1:14 he 14; Haggai 2:2 he as he שַׁלְתִּיאֵ֡ל "Shalti-el".Ellicott, C. J. (Ed.) (1905). Ellicott's Bible Commentary for English Readers. 1 Chronicles 3. London : Cassell and Company, Limited, [1905-1906] Online version: (OCoLC) 929526708. Accessed 28 April 2019. See also 22em Chronology of the Bible Davidic line Kings of Israel and Judah Kings of Judah Tree of Jesse Related Bible parts: 2 Samuel 5, 1 Kings 1, 2 Kings 25, 2 Chronicles 36, Ezra 1, Matthew 1, Luke 3 Notes References Sources Ackroyd Peter R Chronicles, Books of Metzger Bruce M Bruce M. Metzger Coogan Michael D The Oxford Companion to the Bible Oxford University Press 1993 978-0195046458 113–116 Bennett William The Expositor's Bible: The Books of Chronicles Litres 2018 978-5040825196 https://books.google.com/books?id=SZo3DwAAQBAJ Coogan Michael David Michael D. Coogan The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 Coogan Michael David Marc Zvi Brettler Carol Ann Newsom Pheme Perkins Augmented 3rd Oxford University Press 2007 9780195288810 https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ Endres John C. First and Second Chronicles Liturgical Press 2012 https://books.google.com/books?id=mtL0BSEv7i4C 9780814628447 Gilbert Henry L The Forms of the Names in 1 Chronicles 1-7 Compared with Those in Parallel Passages of the Old Testament The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 13 4 Liturgical Press 1897 279–298 10.1086/369250 527992 Hill Andrew E. First and Second Chronicles Zondervan 2003 https://books.google.com/books?id=Sv-LEqnF8Y4C 9780310206101 Mabie Frederick I. The Chronicler's Genealogical Survey of All Israel 1 and 2 Chronicles The Expositor's Bible Commentary Tremper Longman III David E Garland Zondervan 2017 267–308 978-0310531814 https://books.google.com/books?id=E8ESDgAAQBAJ December 6, 2019 Mathys H. P. 14. 1 and 2 Chronicles The Oxford Bible Commentary John Barton John Barton (theologian) John Muddiman John Muddiman Oxford University Press first (paperback) 2007 267–308 978-0199277186 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ February 6, 2019 Tuell Steven S. First and Second Chronicles Westminster John Knox Press 2012 978-0664238650 https://books.google.com/books?id=8RKvdfWsmvEC December 30, 2020 Throntveit Mark A. Was the Chronicler a Spin Doctor? David in the Books of Chronicles Word & World 2003 23 4 374–381 https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwordandworld.luthersem.edu%2Fcontent%2Fpdfs%2F23-4_David%2F23-4_Throntveit.pdf&pdf=true February 19, 2021 Ulrich Eugene The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants 2010 Brill https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls Würthwein Ernst Ernst Würthwein The Text of the Old Testament William B. Eerdmans Grand Rapids, MI 1995 Erroll F. Rhodes 0-8028-0788-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC January 26, 2019 External links Jewish translations: Divrei Hayamim I - I Chronicles - Chapter 3 (Judaica Press) translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org Christian translations: Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) First Book of Chronicles Chapter 3. Bible Gateway 03 Category:David