1965 Manchester City Council election

February 2025 UK local government election 1965 Manchester City Council election England Arms of the City of Manchester.svg parliamentary no 1964 Manchester City Council election 1964 1965 05 13 y 1966 Manchester City Council election 1966 40 of 152 seats to Manchester City Council 77 Manchester 1965.png Map of results of 1965 election Leader of the Council Labour Party (UK) Leader of the Council after election Labour Party (UK) Labour Party (UK) 27 seats,47.0% 95 20 90 5 50,090 34.2% 12.8% Conservative Party (UK) 14 seats,36.4% 49 20 58 9 70,013 47.9% 11.5% Liberal Party (UK) 1 seats,15.5% 8 0 4 4 18,317 12.5% 3.0% Elections to Manchester City Council were held on Thursday, 13 May 1965. One third of the councillors seats were up for election, with each successful candidate to serve a three-year term of office. The Labour Party retained overall control of the council.Big triumph for Tories in 2 cities, Manchester Evening News, May 14, 1965, p.17Tories win nine Manchester seats, The Guardian, May 14, 1965, p.4 Election result PartyVotesSeatsFull CouncilLabour Party56,090 (34.2%)34.2 Labour Party (UK) 12.820 (50.0%)20 40 Labour Party (UK) 5 90 (59.2%)90 152 Labour Party (UK)Conservative Party70,013 (47.9%)47.9 Conservative Party (UK) 11.520 (50.0%)20 40 Conservative Party (UK) 958 (38.2%)58 152 Conservative Party (UK)Liberal Party18,317 (12.5%)12.5 Liberal Party (UK) 3.0 0 (0.0%)0 40 Liberal Party (UK) 4 4 (2.5%)4 152 Liberal Party (UK)Communist1,663 (1.1%)1.1 Communist Party of Great Britain 0.20 (0.0%)0 40 Communist Party of Great Britain 0 (0.0%)0 152 Communist Party of Great BritainIndependent Labour Party90 (0.1%)0.1 Independent Labour Party0 (0.0%)0 40 Independent Labour Party0 (0.0%)0 152 Independent Labour PartyUnion Movement83 (0.1%)0.1 Union Movement 0 (0.0%)0 40 Union Movement 0 (0.0%)0 152 Union Movement Full council + ↓ 90 4 58 Aldermen + ↓ 23 2 13 Councillors + ↓ 67 2 45 Ward results Alexandra Park Alexandra Park Conservative Party (UK) K. C. Slater 3,242 58.3 +7.1 Liberal Party (UK) S. Rose 1,520 27.3 -2.0 Labour Party (UK) A. Flanaghan 797 14.4 -3.4 1,722 31.0 +9.1 5,559 Conservative Party (UK) Liberal Party (UK) All Saints' All Saints' Labour Party (UK) H. Conway 665 56.1 -17.4 Conservative Party (UK) P. Clemerson 521 43.9 +17.4 144 12.2 -34.8 1,186 Labour Party (UK) Ardwick Ardwick Labour Party (UK) K. J. Hill* 963 56.1 -10.9 Conservative Party (UK) J. A. Staton 671 39.1 +6.1 Union Movement G. S. Gee 83 4.8 N/A 292 17.0 -17.0 1,717 Labour Party (UK) Baguley Baguley Conservative Party (UK) I. K. Paley 2,858 46.2 +9.9 Labour Party (UK) F. H. Price* 2,655 43.0 -7.0 Liberal Party (UK) E. Page 667 10.8 -2.9 203 3.2 6,180 Conservative Party (UK) Labour Party (UK) Barlow Moor Barlow Moor Conservative Party (UK) B. Moore 1,584 43.0 +6.9 Liberal Party (UK) P. W. Goldstone* 1,468 39.8 -1.9 Labour Party (UK) K. Roberts 635 17.2 -5.0 116 3.2 3,687 Conservative Party (UK) Liberal Party (UK) Benchill Benchill Conservative Party (UK) B. B. Williams 2,828 49.3 +8.5 Labour Party (UK) A. A. Smith* 2,399 41.9 -4.8 Liberal Party (UK) H. Horton 382 6.7 -3.9 Communist Party of Great Britain M. Taylor 122 2.1 +0.2 429 7.4 5,731 Conservative Party (UK) Labour Party (UK) Beswick Beswick Labour Party (UK) J. G. Birtles* 1,626 74.3 -11.0 Conservative Party (UK) N. A. Green 562 25.7 +11.0 1,064 48.6 -22.0 2,188 Labour Party (UK) Blackley Blackley Conservative Party (UK) J. A. Lynch* 2,938 52.1 +9.9 Labour Party (UK) S. Rowe 1,722 30.6 -7.1 Liberal Party (UK) M. F. Giblin 879 15.6 -3.2 Communist Party of Great Britain I. W. Luft 97 1.7 +0.4 1,216 21.5 +17.0 5,636 Conservative Party (UK) Bradford Bradford Labour Party (UK) J. E. Jackson* 1,808 60.2 -11.8 Conservative Party (UK) R. J. Chronnell 1,068 35.3 +11.9 Communist Party of Great Britain S. Cole 137 4.6 0 748 24.9 -23.7 3,005 Labour Party (UK) Burnage Burnage Conservative Party (UK) H. Platt* 2,988 55.1 +8.0 Labour Party (UK) C. Stewart 1,568 28.9 -2.1 Liberal Party (UK) W. M Drape 871 16.0 -5.9 1,420 26.2 +10.1 5,427 Conservative Party (UK) Cheetham Cheetham Labour Party (UK) J. Broderick* 1,150 41.5 -5.9 Liberal Party (UK) S. Needoff 927 33.5 -5.7 Conservative Party (UK) F. E. Meaden 692 25.0 +11.6 223 8.0 -0.2 2,769 Labour Party (UK) Chorlton-cum-Hardy Chorlton-cum-Hardy Conservative Party (UK) G. W. G. Fitzsimons* 3,526 60.6 +9.5 Liberal Party (UK) J. Hartley 1,148 19.8 -6.1 Labour Party (UK) R. F. Delahunty 1,141 19.6 -3.4 2,378 40.9 +15.7 5,815 Conservative Party (UK) Collegiate Church Collegiate Church Labour Party (UK) M. Seigleman* 1,139 77.1 -0.6 Conservative Party (UK) J. T. Rollins 266 18.0 +3.8 Communist Party of Great Britain K. Bloch 72 4.9 -3.2 873 59.1 -4.4 1,477 Labour Party (UK) Crumpsall Crumpsall Conservative Party (UK) F. R. Butler* 3,269 49.0 +13.7 Labour Party (UK) N. Scholes 2,312 34.7 -12.8 Liberal Party (UK) A. F. Sullivan 1,086 16.3 -0.9 957 14.3 6,667 Conservative Party (UK) Didsbury Didsbury Conservative Party (UK) D. Lee* 3,986 74.6 +16.1 Liberal Party (UK) S. W. Chinn 696 13.0 -14.1 Labour Party (UK) H. Smith 661 12.4 -2.0 3,290 61.6 +30.2 5,343 Conservative Party (UK) Gorton North Gorton North Labour Party (UK) W. Higgins* 2,055 62.9 -10.6 Conservative Party (UK) B. Connell 1,085 33.2 +12.6 Communist Party of Great Britain J. Skelton 126 3.9 -2.0 970 29.7 -23.2 3,266 Labour Party (UK) Gorton South Gorton South Labour Party (UK) G. Conquest* 1,445 58.5 -11.8 Conservative Party (UK) H. Holland 1,026 41.5 +11.1 419 17.0 -7.9 2,471 Labour Party (UK) Harpurhey Harpurhey Labour Party (UK) E. Grant* 1,537 51.3 -11.5 Conservative Party (UK) J. Egan 1,458 48.7 +11.5 79 2.6 -23.0 2,995 Labour Party (UK) Hugh Oldham Hugh Oldham Labour Party (UK) J. B. Ogden* 649 67.1 -14.3 Conservative Party (UK) K. Allday 272 28.1 +9.5 Communist Party of Great Britain E. Cohen 46 4.8 N/A 377 39.0 -23.8 967 Labour Party (UK) Levenshulme Levenshulme Conservative Party (UK) R. A. Fieldhouse* 2,917 60.5 +15.5 Labour Party (UK) H. N. Ebrey 1,319 27.3 -9.7 Liberal Party (UK) R. P. Shippen 587 12.2 -5.8 1,598 33.1 +25.1 4,823 Conservative Party (UK) Lightbowne Lightbowne Conservative Party (UK) H. Pigott* 2,654 45.7 +10.2 Labour Party (UK) P. T. Taylor 1,819 31.3 -14.8 Liberal Party (UK) H. Roche 1,220 21.0 +2.6 Communist Party of Great Britain L. Cole 118 2.0 N/A 835 14.4 5,811 Conservative Party (UK) Longsight Longsight Conservative Party (UK) H. Sharp* 2,060 66.5 +12.6 Labour Party (UK) A. Davidson 930 30.0 +1.3 Communist Party of Great Britain H. Johnson 110 3.5 -4.0 1,130 36.5 +11.3 3,100 Conservative Party (UK) Miles Platting Miles Platting Labour Party (UK) J. S. Goldstone* 920 52.2 -12.0 Conservative Party (UK) G. Fildes 793 45.0 +8.5 Communist Party of Great Britain B. Panter 51 2.8 N/A 127 7.2 -19.2 1,764 Labour Party (UK) Moss Side East Moss Side East Labour Party (UK) W. A. Downward* 1,458 47.5 -5.6 Conservative Party (UK) S. Mottram 1,419 46.2 +6.7 Liberal Party (UK) M. A. G. Hatton 194 6.3 -1.1 39 1.3 -11.8 3,071 Labour Party (UK) Moss Side West Moss Side West Conservative Party (UK) S. D. Alexander* 1,848 57.9 +10.1 Labour Party (UK) R. E. Talbot 1,082 33.9 -8.2 Liberal Party (UK) E. Gray 164 5.1 -2.7 Communist Party of Great Britain E. Foster 95 3.1 +0.8 766 24.0 +18.3 3,189 Conservative Party (UK) Moston Moston Conservative Party (UK) R. H. Hine 3,030 51.5 +14.6 Labour Party (UK) R. Latham* 2,850 48.5 +4.3 180 3.0 5,880 Conservative Party (UK) Labour Party (UK) New Cross New Cross Labour Party (UK) E. Donoghue* 845 72.2 -6.1 Conservative Party (UK) T. E. Murphy 326 27.8 +4.8 519 44.4 -8.3 1,171 Labour Party (UK) Newton Heath Newton Heath Labour Party (UK) C. Tomlinson 1,429 52.9 -12.0 Conservative Party (UK) K. E. Goulding 1,137 42.1 +23.8 Communist Party of Great Britain J. B. Cross 133 5.0 +1.5 292 10.8 -35.8 2,699 Labour Party (UK) Northenden Northenden Conservative Party (UK) T. Mountford 3,177 46.2 +5.2 Labour Party (UK) R. L. Griffiths* 2,476 35.0 -3.8 Liberal Party (UK) J. E. Hargreaves 1,226 17.8 -2.4 701 10.2 +8.0 6,879 Conservative Party (UK) Labour Party (UK) Old Moat Old Moat (2 vacancies) Conservative Party (UK) G. Robinson 2,417 49.4 +12.7 Conservative Party (UK) D. G. Massey 2,307 47.2 +10.5 Liberal Party (UK) T. Kay* 1,362 27.9 -0.5 Labour Party (UK) E. Wood 1,317 26.9 -8.0 Labour Party (UK) D. Healey 1,307 26.7 -8.2 Liberal Party (UK) T. A. Maher 1,069 21.9 -6.5 945 19.3 +17.5 4,890 Conservative Party (UK) Liberal Party (UK) Conservative Party (UK) Labour Party (UK) Openshaw Openshaw (2 vacancies) Labour Party (UK) J. Gilmore 2,175 61.9 -7.1 Labour Party (UK) T. O. Hamnett* 1,930 54.9 -14.1 Conservative Party (UK) E. Eccles 1,366 38.9 +11.7 Conservative Party (UK) J. L. Traynor 1,206 34.3 +7.1 Communist Party of Great Britain K. McDonald 176 5.0 +1.2 Communist Party of Great Britain H. Holland 172 4.9 +1.1 564 16.1 -25.7 3,513 Labour Party (UK) Labour Party (UK) Rusholme Rusholme Conservative Party (UK) K. Ollerenshaw* 2,302 62.1 +12.9 Labour Party (UK) A. E. Jones 812 21.9 -7.5 Liberal Party (UK) M. D. Howard 594 16.0 -5.4 1,490 40.2 +20.4 3,708 Conservative Party (UK) St. George's St. George's Labour Party (UK) G. Mann* 646 63.2 -17.2 Conservative Party (UK) A. V. Cookson 376 36.8 +17.2 270 26.4 -34.4 1,022 Labour Party (UK) St. Luke's St. Luke's Labour Party (UK) W. Massey* 1,164 64.4 -4.2 Conservative Party (UK) M. A. Vince 520 28.8 -2.6 Communist Party of Great Britain W. Cross 124 6.8 N/A 644 35.6 -1.6 1,808 Labour Party (UK) St. Mark's St. Mark's Labour Party (UK) N. Morris* 1,535 64.1 -12.8 Conservative Party (UK) I. Goslin 858 35.9 +12.8 677 28.2 -25.6 2,393 Labour Party (UK) St. Peter's St. Peter's Conservative Party (UK) J. Carson* 857 82.1 +1.6 Labour Party (UK) T. Richardson 187 17.9 -3.3 670 64.2 +8.5 1,044 Conservative Party (UK) Withington Withington Conservative Party (UK) G. W. Young 2,403 48.6 +2.9 Liberal Party (UK) J. S. Alldridge* 1,975 39.9 -2.5 Labour Party (UK) H. Barrett 567 11.5 -0.4 428 8.7 +5.3 4,945 Conservative Party (UK) Liberal Party (UK) Woodhouse Park Woodhouse Park Labour Party (UK) M. J. Taylor 2,395 59.1 -2.6 Conservative Party (UK) H. A. McIlroy 1,200 29.6 +13.2 Liberal Party (UK) J. W. Davenport 282 7.0 -10.2 Independent Labour Party B. S. Dean 90 2.2 -0.2 Communist Party of Great Britain E. Holt 84 2.1 -0.1 1,195 29.5 -15.0 4,051 Labour Party (UK) Aldermanic elections Aldermanic election, 4 August 1965 Caused by the death on 21 July 1965 of Alderman James McGrath (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 5 February 1964).Alderman J. McGrath, The Guardian, July 22, 1965, p.4Freedom for Lady Simon, Manchester Guardian, February 6, 1964, p.4 In his place, Councillor Ottiwell Lodge (Conservative, Levenshulme, elected 9 November 1939)NEW LORD MAYOR, Manchester Guardian, 10 November 1939, p.8 was elected as an alderman by the council on 4 August 1965.Attempt to defer arts centre move fails, Manchester Guardian, August 5, 1965, p.4 PartyAldermanWardTerm expires Conservative Ottiwell Lodge Burnage 1970 Aldermanic election, 1 September 1965 Caused by the death on 5 August 1965 of Alderman Douglas Gosling (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 7 December 1949).Alderman dies at town hall, The Guardian, August 6, 1965, p.4COUNCILLORS' "FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT" TO INFORMATION, Manchester Guardian, December 8, 1949, p.2 In his place, Councillor Harry Sharp (Conservative, Longsight, elected 5 June 1940)C. O.s IN CIVIC EMPLOYMENT, Manchester Guardian, June 6, 1940, p.10 was elected as an alderman by the council on 1 September 1965.Less dirty water in public, The Guardian, September 2, 1965, p.1 PartyAldermanWardTerm expires Conservative Harry Sharp Gorton South 1970 Aldermanic election, 6 October 1965 Caused by the death on 18 September 1965 of Alderman Albert Barratt (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 1 February 1961).Ald. A. T. Barratt, The Guardian, September 20, 1965, p.4NEW ALDERMAN, Manchester Evening News, February 1, 1961, p.7 In his place, Councillor Gladys Lord (Conservative, Burnage, elected 4 March 1942)MANCHESTER COUNCIL AND SHIP CANAL DIRECTORATES, Manchester Guardian, March 5, 1942, p.10 was elected as an alderman by the council on 6 October 1965.Fluoridation by tablet - not by water, The Guardian, October 7, 1965, p.20 PartyAldermanWardTerm expires Conservative Gladys Lord Newton Heath 1967 Aldermanic election, 1 December 1965 Caused by the resignation on 2 November 1965 of Alderman William Phillip Jackson (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 21 February 1940).Alderman retires, Manchester Evening News, November 2, 1965, p.18MANCHESTER RATE TO BE 17/4, Manchester Guardian, February 22, 1940, p.3 In his place, Councillor Harold Stockdale (Conservative, Rusholme, elected 1 November 1945)More Labour victories in Manchester Manchester Guardian 3 November 1945 6 was elected as an alderman by the council on 1 December 1965.Loans-for-homes scheme reopens in Manchester, The Guardian, December 2, 1965, p.18 PartyAldermanWardTerm expires Conservative Harold Stockdale Moss Side West 1967 Aldermanic election, 4 May 1966 Caused by the resignation on 25 April 1966 of Alderman Eveline Hill (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 4 September 1957).Mrs Hill quits council, Manchester Evening News, April 25, 1966, p.1UNDERGROUND CAR PARK FIRST, Manchester Guardian, September 5, 1957, p.14 In her place, Councillor Arnold Fieldhouse (Conservative, Levenshulme, elected 1 November 1946)THE MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS, Manchester Guardian, November 2, 1946, p.8 was elected as an alderman by the council on 4 May 1966.Full of sound and fury..., The Guardian, May 5, 1966, p.18 PartyAldermanWardTerm expires Conservative Arnold Fieldhouse Withington 1967 By-elections between 1965 and 1966 By-elections, 24 June 1965 Two by-elections were held on 24 June 1965 to fill vacancies which had arisen in the city council.Two Tory gains in "little election", The Guardian, June 25, 1965, p.5 New Cross Caused by the election as an alderman of Councillor Chris Blackwell (Labour, New Cross, elected 12 May 1949)SIX CONSERVATIVE GAINS IN MANCHESTER, Manchester Guardian, May 13, 1949, p.8 on 7 April 1965, , The Guardian, April 8, 1965, p.20 following the death on 24 February 1965 of Alderman Mary Knight (Labour, elected as an alderman by the council on 15 February 1956).ALDERMAN'S DEATH, Manchester Evening News, February 24, 1965, p.14WOMAN ALDERMAN, Manchester Evening News, February 15, 1956, p.6 New Cross Labour Party (UK) R. Latham 1,306 59.3 -12.9 Conservative Party (UK) T. E. Murphy 898 40.7 +12.9 408 18.6 -25.8 2,204 Labour Party (UK) Chorlton-cum-Hardy Caused by the death of Councillor Stanley Ralphs (Conservative, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, elected 13 May 1954; previously 1949-52)LABOUR TALKES FIVE TORY SEATS: WINS SIX NEW ONES, Manchester Guardian, May 14, 1954, p.4 on 26 April 1965.Mr Stanley Ralphs, The Guardian, April 27, 1965, p.6 Chorlton-cum-Hardy Conservative Party (UK) M. A. Vince 2,371 54.4 -6.2 Liberal Party (UK) J. Hartley 1,242 28.5 +8.7 Labour Party (UK) R. F. Delahunty 747 17.1 -2.5 1,129 25.9 -15.0 4,360 Conservative Party (UK) Levenshulme, 30 September 1965 Caused by the election as an alderman of Councillor Ottiwell Lodge (Conservative, Levenshulme, elected 9 November 1939)NEW LORD MAYOR, Manchester Guardian, 10 November 1939, p.8 on 4 August 1965,Attempt to defer arts centre move fails, Manchester Guardian, August 5, 1965, p.4 following the death on 21 July 1965 of Alderman James McGrath (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 5 February 1965).Alderman J. McGrath, The Guardian, July 22, 1965, p.4Freedom for Lady Simon, Manchester Guardian, February 6, 1964, p.4 Levenshulme Conservative Party (UK) C. S. Robb 1,996 55.6 -4.9 Labour Party (UK) H. N. Ebrey 1,037 28.9 +1.6 Liberal Party (UK) R. P. Shippen 554 15.5 +3.3 959 26.7 -6.4 3,587 Conservative Party (UK) Conservative holds city seat, Manchester Evening News, October 1, 1965, p.5 Longsight, 7 October 1965 Caused by the election as an alderman of Councillor Harry Sharp (Conservative, Longsight, elected 5 June 1940)C. O.s IN CIVIC EMPLOYMENT, Manchester Guardian, June 6, 1940, p.10 on 1 September 1965,Less dirty water in public, The Guardian, September 2, 1965, p.1 following the death on 5 August 1965 of Alderman Douglas Gosling (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 7 December 1949).Alderman dies at town hall, The Guardian, August 6, 1965, p.4COUNCILLORS' "FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT" TO INFORMATION, Manchester Guardian, December 8, 1949, p.2 Longsight Conservative Party (UK) A. Malpas 1,614 64.1 -2.4 Labour Party (UK) S. V. Shaw 905 35.9 +5.9 709 28.2 -8.3 2,519 Conservative Party (UK) Tories retain council seat, Manchester Evening News, October 8, 1965, p.5 Burnage, 11 November 1965 Caused by the election as an alderman of Councillor Gladys Lord (Conservative, Burnage, elected 4 March 1942)MANCHESTER COUNCIL AND SHIP CANAL DIRECTORATES, Manchester Guardian, March 5, 1942, p.10 on 6 October 1965,Fluoridation by tablet - not by water, The Guardian, October 7, 1965, p.20 following the death on 18 September 1965 of Alderman Albert Barratt (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 1 February 1961).Ald. A. T. Barratt, The Guardian, September 20, 1965, p.4NEW ALDERMAN, Manchester Evening News, February 1, 1961, p.7 Burnage Conservative Party (UK) B. J. Cox 1,938 51.0 -4.1 Labour Party (UK) C. Stewart 1,287 33.9 +5.0 Liberal Party (UK) W. M Drape 575 15.1 -0.9 651 17.1 -9.1 3,800 Conservative Party (UK) TORIES HOLD COUNCIL SEAT, Manchester Evening News, November 12, 1965, p.15 Rusholme, 27 January 1966 Caused by the election as an alderman of Councillor Harold Stockdale (Conservative, Rusholme, elected 1 November 1945)More Labour victories in Manchester Manchester Guardian 3 November 1945 6 on 1 December 1965,Loans-for-homes scheme reopens in Manchester, The Guardian, December 2, 1965, p.18 following the resignation on 2 November 1965 of Alderman William Phillip Jackson (Conservative, elected as an alderman by the council on 21 February 1940).Alderman retires, Manchester Evening News, November 2, 1965, p.18MANCHESTER RATE TO BE 17/4, Manchester Guardian, February 22, 1940, p.3 Rusholme Conservative Party (UK) C. R. Mayoh 1,439 69.9 +7.8 Labour Party (UK) A. E. Jones 412 20.0 -1.9 Liberal Party (UK) F. N. Wedlock 207 10.1 -5.9 1,027 49.9 +9.7 2,058 Conservative Party (UK) Council gain for Tories, The Guardian, January 28, 1966, p.5 Longsight, 3 February 1966 Caused by the death of Councillor John Hopkins (Conservative, Longsight, elected 31 January 1946)LONGSIGHT BY-ELECTION, Manchester Guardian, 1 February 1945, p.3 on 21 November 1965.Councillor J. G. Hopkins, The Guardian, November 23, 1965, p.18 Longsight Conservative Party (UK) A. B. Deacy 1,540 61.9 -4.6 Labour Party (UK) S. V. Shaw 884 35.6 +5.6 Communist Party of Great Britain H. Johnson 62 2.5 -1.0 656 26.3 -10.2 2,486 Conservative Party (UK) Collegiate Church, 3 March 1966 Caused by the resignation of Councillor Dr. Merton Seigleman (Labour, Collegiate Church, elected 24 October 1963)LABOUR HOLDS SEATS BY BIG MARGIN, Manchester Evening News, October 25, 1963, p.19 on 21 January 1966.Councillor resigns, Manchester Evening News, January 21, 1966, p.1 Collegiate Church Labour Party (UK) R. F. Delahunty 940 80.8 +3.7 Conservative Party (UK) J. E. Doniger 223 19.2 +1.2 717 61.6 +2.5 1,163 Labour Party (UK) Labour holds two council seats, The Guardian, March 4, 1966, p.24 References expanded 1965 Manchester