1778 Kashan earthquake

Earthquake in Iran on 15 December 1778 1778 Kashan earthquake Iran yes 1778 12 15 yes Just before dawn 6.2 s yeshttps://books.google.com/books?id=1JkfKub5vakC&q=1780 A History of Persian Earthquakes Ambraseys N.N. Melville C.P. Cambridge University Press 2005 9780521021876 53–54, 160 34.0 51.3 region:AZ_type:event inline,title Qom–Safreh Fault, Kashan segment Strike-slip 8 >8,000 en-UK The city of Kashan in Iran was struck by a major earthquake just before dawn on 15 December 1778. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 6.2 s yes. There was widespread damage in the area around the city, with most buildings destroyed. More than 8,000 people were killed. Tectonic setting The continuing continental collision between the Arabian plate and Eurasian plate drive the active tectonics of Iran. The convergence between the two plates is accommodated across a broad zone from the Zagros fold and thrust belt in the southwest to the Alborz mountain range in the north. Kashan lies close to the boundary between the Central Iranian Range to the southwest and the Central Basin to the northeast. The mixed volcanic rocks underlie these areas and metamorphic rocks of the Sanadaj-Sirjan zone (SSZ), the plutonic rocks of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc and the sedimentary rocks of the Central Basin.Morley C.K. Kongwung B. Julapou A.A. Abdolghafourian M. Hajian M. Waples D. Warren J. Otterdoom H. Srisuriyon K. Kazemi H. 2009 Structural development of a major late Cenozoic basin and transpressional belt in central Iran: The Central Basin in the Qom-Saveh area Geosphere 5 4 325–362 10.1130/GES00223.1 2009Geosp...5..325M free The area is affected by a mixture of active thrust faulting and strike-slip faulting. The main active structure near Kashan is the Qom-Safreh Fault, a northwest–southeast trending right lateral strike-slip fault zone, which runs along the northeastern boundary of the SSZ. It has been associated with several historical earthquakes. Earthquake The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 6.2 s. It has been attributed to rupture along the Kashan segment of the Qom-Safreh fault.Tabaei M. Mehdizadeh R. Esmaeili M. 2016 Stratigraphical evidences of the Qom – Zefreh Fault system activity, Central Iran http://jtethys.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_2782_1554857893b772ce1a36c8b8f096a20c.pdf?lang=fa Journal of Tethys 4 1 18–26 The mainshock was followed by a sequence of aftershocks, which continued for about a month. Damage The area of damage extended as far north as Sen Sen and as far south as Qohrud. Most houses and other buildings in Kashan were destroyed. The Bazaar and the Jameh Mosque of Kashan were badly damaged, although the brick-built minaret of the latter survived. Water supplies were badly affected in the area. Casualties At least 8,000 casualties were recorded as a result of the earthquake. The death toll was further increased by a cholera outbreak. Aftermath Reconstruction of Kashan began soon after the earthquake, under the orders of Karim Khan Zand, preventing a mass exodus of the survivors. Under the leadership of 'Abd al-Razzaq Khan, the fourth governor of Kashan, a new bazaar was built directly on the basement of the old buildingLazizi A. Tahghighi H. Seismic Response Evaluation of Kashan Historical Bazaar Structure Including Soil-Structure Interaction http://www.jsee.ir/article_241710_fbdd0b60d4c673e8654939e02c15f218.pdf Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering 21 3 77–93 and the Jameh Mosque of Kashan was extensively rebuilt, as were many other public buildings. References Earthquakes and Coseismic Surface Faulting on the Iranian Plateau https://books.google.com/books?id=_ur1AgAAQBAJ M. Berberian 2014 Developments in Earth Surface Processes 1st Elsevier 978-0-444-63292-0 17.8 Comprehensive List of the Re-Evaluated Iranian Earthquakes Category:Earthquakes in Iran Category:1770s earthquakes Category:History of Isfahan province Category:Kashan Category:1770s in Iran Category:1778 in Asia Category:1778 disasters