1935 Nobel Prize in Literature

20px 1935 Nobel Prize in Literature 1901 https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1935/summary/ Nobel Prize.png 14 November 1935notes The Swedish Academy decided on 14th November 1935 that this year's Nobel Prize in Literature would be reserved for the following year.http://libris.kb.se/bib/8345517 Nobelpriset i litteratur. Nomineringar och utlåtanden 1901–1950 Bo Svensén 2001 Svenska Akademien 9789113010076 1 November 2025 (postponement) 1934 Nobel Prize in Literature 1936 The 1935 Nobel Prize in Literature was not awarded after the Swedish Academy decided that no author in the field of literature was a suitable candidate.https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/45988/why-was-no-nobel-prize-for-literature-awarded-in-1935 Why was no Nobel Prize for Literature awarded in 1935? 1 April 2023 history.stackexchange.com Hence, the prize money for this year was 3 allocated to the Main Fund and 2 3 to the Special Fund of this prize section.The Nobel Prize in Literature 1935 nobelprize.org Deliberations Nominations The Nobel Committee of the Swedish Academy received 52 nominations for 38 authors like Frans Eemil Sillanpää (awarded in 1939), Johannes V. Jensen (awarded in 1944), Paul Valéry, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Roger Martin du Gard (awarded in 1937) and H. G. Wells.Nomination archive – Literature 1935 nobelprize.org Fourteen of the nominees were newly recommended for the prize such as Shaul Tchernichovsky, Miguel de Unamuno, Jules Romains, John Masefield, Elise Richter, Edvarts Virza, Víctor Manuel Rendón, Émile Mâle, James Cousins and G. K. Chesterton. There were five women nominees: Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić, Violet Clifton, Ricarda Huch, Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício and Elise Richter. The authors Henri Barbusse, Ioan Bianu, Arthur Hoey Davis (known as Steele Rudd), Clarence Day, Ella Loraine Dorsey, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Anna Katharine Green, Kaitarō Hasegawa, Mary R. P. Hatch, Louise Manning Hodgkins, Winifred Holtby, Panait Istrati, T. E. Lawrence, James Leslie Mitchell (known as Lewis Grassic Gibbon), Violet Paget (known as Vernon Lee), Fernando Pessoa, Lizette Woodworth Reese, George William Russell, Tsubouchi Shōyō, Kurt Tucholsky, William Watson and Stanley G. Weinbaum died in 1935 without having been nominated for the prize. Official list of nominees and their nominators for the prize No. Nominee Country Genre(s) Nominator(s)1Rufino Blanco Fombona (1874–1944) Venezuelaessays, literary criticismSeveral professors from American universities2Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (1874–1938) Kingdom of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia novel, short storyGavro Manojlović (1856–1939)3Gilbert Keith Chesterton (1874–1936)United Kingdomphilosophy, theology, essays, literary criticism, novel, short story, poetryTorsten Fogelqvist (1880–1941)4Violet Clifton (1883–1961)United Kingdombiography, essaysNevill Coghill (1899–1980)5António Correia de Oliveira (1878–1960)Estado Novo (Portugal) PortugalpoetryAlfredo Carneiro da Cunha (1863–1942) Luís da Cunha Gonçalvez (1875–1956)6James Cousins (1873–1956)IrelandBritish Indiapoetry, drama, essays, literary criticism20px Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941)7Karel Čapek (1890–1938)Czechoslovakiadrama, novel, short story, essays, literary criticismJosef Pekař (1870–1937) Josef Šusta (1874–1945) Eight professorsnotes All eight were professors of history of literature at the University of Prague, Czechoslovakia.8Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício (1884–1947) Estado Novo (Portugal) Portugalpoetry, essaysBento Carqueja (1860–1935)9Miguel de Unamuno (1864–1936) Spanish Republic Spainnovel, poetry, philosophy, essays, dramaEsteban Madruga Jiménez (1890–1980)10Roger Martin du Gard (1881–1958) Francenovel, drama, memoirTorsten Fogelqvist (1880–1941) Anders Österling (1884–1981)11Olav Duun (1876–1939) Norwaynovel, short storyHalvdan Koht (1873–1965) Helga Eng (1875–1966)12James George Frazer (1854–1941) United Kingdomhistory, essays, translationJarl Charpentier (1884–1935)13Franz Karl Ginzkey (1871–1963)Federal State of Austria Austriapoetry, short story, essaysHjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953)14Vilhelm Grønbech (1873–1948) Denmarkhistory, essays, poetrySven Lönborg (1871–1959)15Jarl Hemmer (1893–1944) Finlandpoetry, novelHjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953)16Ricarda Huch (1864–1947) Nazi Germany Germanyhistory, essays, novel, poetryErnst Robert Curtius (1886–1956)17Johannes V. Jensen (1873–1950) Denmarknovel, short story, poetryVilhelm Andersen (1864–1953) Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen (1881–1977) Hans Brix (1870–1961) Carl Adolf Bodelsen (1894–1978)18Guðmundur Kamban (1888–1945)Icelandnovel, dramaBengt Hesselman (1875–1952)19Rudolf Kassner (1873–1959) Federal State of Austria Austriaphilosophy, essays, translation6 professors of the University of Zurich20Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer (1878–1962) Austrianovel, short story, poetry, dramaHans-Friedrich Rosenfeld (1899–1993)21Sven Lönborg (1871–1959)Swedenphilosophy, history, pedagogy, essaysEmil Rodhe (1863–1936)22John Masefield (1878–1967) United Kingdompoetry, drama, novel, short story, essays, autobiography Anders Österling (1884–1981)23Émile Mâle (1862–1954)French Third Republic FrancehistoryEmil Rodhe (1863–1936)24Dmitry Merezhkovsky (1865–1941) Soviet Unionnovel, essays, poetry, dramaSigurd Agrell (1881–1937)25Eugene O'Neill (1888–1953) United StatesdramaMartin Lamm (1880–1950)26Kostis Palamas (1859–1943) Kingdom of Greece Greecepoetry, essaysThree professorsnotes Three professors of literature and/or history from the University of Athens, Greece. 20px Verner von Heidenstam (1859–1940)27Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975) British Raj Indiaphilosophy, essays, law Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953)28Víctor Manuel Rendón (1859–1940)Ecuadornovel, poetry, drama, biography, essays, translationCeliano Monge Navarrete (1856–1940)29Elise Richter (1865–1943)Federal State of Austria AustriaphilologyAntonin Duraffour (1879–1956) Carlo Tagliavini (1903–1982)30Jules Romains (1885–1972) Francepoetry, drama, screenplayFredrik Böök (1883–1961)31Frans Eemil Sillanpää (1888–1964) Finlandnovel, short story, poetryBjörn Collinder (1894–1983) Eemil Nestor Setälä (1864–1935) Yrjö Hirn (1870–1952) Rafael Erich (1879–1946)32Hermann Stehr (1864–1940) Nazi Germany Germanynovel, short story, poetry, dramaHermann August Korff (1882–1963)33Dezső Szabó (1879–1945)Kingdom of Hungary Hungarynovel, essaysBjörn Collinder (1894–1983)34Shaul Tchernichovsky (1875–1943) Soviet UnionMandatory Palestinepoetry, essays, translationJoseph Klausner (1874–1958)35Paul Valéry (1871–1945) Francepoetry, philosophy, essays, dramaAndreas Hofgaard Winsnes (1889–1972) Samson Eitrem (1872–1966) Peter Rokseth (1891–1945) Jens Thiis (1870–1942)36Edvarts Virza (1883–1940) Latviapoetry, essays, translationFrancis Balodis (1882–1947) Ludis Bērzin̦š (1870–1965)37Herbert George Wells (1866–1946) United Kingdomnovel, short story, essays, history, biographySigfrid Siwertz (1882–1970)38Tadeusz Stefan Zieliński (1859–1944)Second Polish Republic Polandphilology, history, translation, essaysSeveral professors at the University of Warsaw Prize decision In 1935, considered authors by the Nobel committee included Karel Čapek, Miguel de Unamuno, John Masefield, G. K. Chesterton, H. G. Wells, Jarl Hemmer, Johannes V. Jensen, Paul Valéry, Eugene O'Neill and Roger Martin du Gard, but the committee found that no candidate met the criteria for the prize.Nobelpriset i litteratur. Nomineringar och utlåtanden 1920-1950 1935 Svensén, Bo Svenska Akademien 2001 In their report to the Swedish Academy, Čapek was noted for his "thriving imagination and inventiveness" but dismissed for his "solubility and emptiness in philosophical contemplation", De Unamuno was acknowledged as the greatest Spanish writer alive and that his candidacy should be seriously considered, but was dismissed for his abstract ideas in his literary oeuvres; Masefield was dismissed for his uneven works; Du Gard was praised for his The Thibaults, but the committee decided to wait for its other volumes; Valéry was dismissed for being too obscure, Wells for not having produced anything significant in recent years and Chesterton because of "The high value of much of his preaching and the almost unparalleled critical acumen he possesses have been offset by a heavy burden of feverishly nervous, hasty, and distorted judgments and views." Committee member Hjalmar Hammarskjöld did not agree with the Nobel committee's conclusion that none of the candidates met the criteria for being awarded the prize and added a divergent opinion: "Since I have not been able to agree to the committee's request, I need not plead any other reason than that the committee in any event seems to me to have set far too strict requirements for competence for the Nobel Prize, requirements so strict that they could not be implemented during the past period, and that their maintenance in the future would certainly make the awarding of the Nobel Prize a rare occurrence." Hammarskjöld proposed that the Nobel Prize in Literature for 1935 should be awarded to Miguel de Unamuno, with Jarl Hemmer as his second proposal. On 14 November 1935 the Swedish Academy decided that the Nobel Prize in Literature for 1935 should be reserved to the following year. Notes References 1935