1759 in science

none 1759 science 1759 The year 1759 in science and technology involved several significant events. thumb|150px|Harrison's marine chronometer Astronomy Halley's Comet returns; a team of three mathematicians, Alexis Clairaut, Jérome Lalande and Nicole Reine Lepaute, have – for the first time – predicted the date. Biology Caspar Friedrich Wolff's dissertation at the University of Halle Theoria Generationis supports the theory of epigenesis.Alexander Petrunkevitch Russia's Contribution to Science Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences New Haven 23 June 1920 235 Botany Kew Gardens established in England by Augusta of Saxe-Coburg, the mother of George III.https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1084 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew World Heritage UNESCO 2010-07-04 https://web.archive.org/web/20100817210717/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1084 17 August 2010 Geology Giovanni Arduino proposes dividing the geological history of Earth into four periods: Primitive, Secondary, Tertiary and Volcanic, or Quaternary.Marston Bates Bates Marston The Nature of Natural History 51 Charles Scribner's Sons New York 1950 Medicine June 15 – The first vascular surgery in history is performed by a Dr. Hallowell at Newcastle upon Tyne in England, who uses suture repair rather than a tying off with a ligature to repair an aneurysm on a patient's brachial artery.1761 Richard Lambert A new technique of treating an aneurysm Medical Observations and InquiriesHistory of Microsurery Yoshikazu Ikuta Telemicrosurgery: Robot Assisted Microsurgery Springer 2012 5 The new procedure of reconstructing a damaged artery replaces the practice of ligation that had risked the amputation of a limb or organ failure.Steven G. Friedman A History of Vascular Surgery John Wiley & Sons 2008 ix Angélique du Coudray publishes Abrégé de l'art des accouchements ("The Art of Obstetrics"). Physics Posthumous publication of Émilie du Châtelet's French translation and commentary on Newton's Principia, Principes mathématiques de la philosophie naturelle. Technology English clockmaker John Harrison produces his "No. 1 sea watch" ("H4"), the first successful marine chronometer.Royal Observatory Greenwich souvenir guide 2012 978-1-906367-51-0 34–35 the first precision watch and considered by many today as the most important timekeeper ever. Royal Greenwich Observatory Transport James Brindley is engaged by the Duke of Bridgewater to construct a canal to transport coal to Manchester from the duke's mines at Worsley, in North West England. October 16 – Smeaton's Tower, John Smeaton's Eddystone Lighthouse off the coast of South West England, is first illuminated.Eddystone Lighthouse http://www.trinityhouse.co.uk/interactive/gallery/eddystone.html Trinity House 2006-09-06 https://web.archive.org/web/20060909043743/http://www.trinityhouse.co.uk/interactive/gallery/eddystone.html 9 September 2006 thumb|Smeaton's Tower Awards Copley Medal: John SmeatonCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 21 July 2020 en Births January 29 – Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc, French botanist (died 1828) July 19 – Jacques Anselme Dorthès, French physician, entomologist and naturalist (died 1794)Nicolas Michel Histoire littéraire de Nîmes et des localités voisines qui forment actuellement le département du Gard 5 August 2016 BnF collection ebooks Paris 9782346019731 https://books.google.com/books?id=ewXNDAAAQBAJ&q=Jacques+Anselme+Dorth%C3%A8s&pg=PT260 25 February 2021 fr August 12 – Thomas Andrew Knight, English horticulturalist (died 1838) September 19 – William Kirby, English entomologist (died 1850) December 2 – James Edward Smith, English botanist (died 1828) Date unknown – Maria Petraccini, Italian anatomist and physician (died 1791) Deaths February 16 – Bartholomew Mosse, Irish surgeon (born 1712) April 6 – Johann Gottfried Zinn, German anatomist and botanist (born 1727) July 27 – Pierre Louis Maupertuis, French mathematician (born 1698) September 10 – Ferdinand Konščak, Croatian explorer (born 1703) November 29 – Nicolaus I Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician (born 1687) References Category:18th century in science Category:1750s in science