'alam al-mansûr

Flag tradition among dynasties of Morocco Alam al-mansûr (ar علم المنصور flag [of the] victorious) or liwa' al-mansûr (ar لواء المنصور banner [of the] victorious) is a form of flag that was used as the emblem of the Almohad, Marinid, and Saadi dynasties of Morocco consisting of a white banner with an Islamic symbol written on it which were followed in parades by several banners of different colors, most of them red.Mouline Nabil "Le drapeau devient un symbole de consensus, surtout après avoir été adopté définitivement par l'institution royale en 1947" https://telquel.ma/2023/12/22/nabil-mouline-le-drapeau-devient-un-symbole-de-consensus-surtout-apres-avoir-ete-adopte-definitivement-par-linstitution-royale-en-1947_1847726?fbrefresh=3 2024-01-14 TelQuel fral-Wofrāni Mohammad al Saghir ibn al Hādjadj ibn Abd-Allah https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5459924n Nozhet-el hādi bi akhbar moulouk el-Karn el-Hadi : 1511-1670 E. Leroux 1889 Paris 199 fr Houdas O.Mouline Nabil https://www.cairn.info/le-califat-imaginaire-d-ahmad-al-mansur--9782130572404.htm Le califat imaginaire d'Ahmad al-Mansûr Presses Universitaires de France 2009 9782130572404 Paris 10.3917/puf.mouli.2009.01152 Almohad caliphate thumb|Possible appearance of the al-'alam al-mansûr used by the Almohads during the Battle of Alarcos against the Castillians as described by Ibn Abi Zar In the 1150s, the Almohads adopted a large white banner surrounded by a large number of banners and pennants and dubbed it al-'alam al-mansûr, it had become an emblem for the dynasty and acquired an quasi-mystical status. thumb|Alternate appearance of the al-'alam al-mansûr used by the Almohads Ibn Abi Zar describes in his Rawd al-Qirtas of a banner used by the Almohads during the Battle of Alarcos enscribed with the Shahada and Wala ghaliba illa Allah by saying that "when Alfonso VIII had decided to attack Muslims with his entire army [...] he heard the drums and the trumpets, he raised his head to look and saw the Almohad banner approaching; in front of them was a victorious white banner in which was written: there is no deity but Allah, Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, there is no victor except Allah. (ar لا إله إلا الله، محمد رسول الله، لا غالب إلا الله)"Ibn Abi Zar https://archive.org/details/rawdolkirtas/page/n227/mode/2up روض القرطاس Dar Al-Mansour 1972 Rabat 228 ar Rawd al-Qirtas Another description of the al-'alam al-mansûr claims that it is written with "The One is Allah, Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, the Mahdi is the Caliph of Allah" (ar الواحد الله، محمد رسول الله، المهدي خليفة الله) with another side saying "There is no deity but Allah, and my success is only with Allah, and I entrust my affairs to Allah" (ar وما من إله إلا الله، وما توفيقي إلا بالله، وأفوض أمري إلى الله).السامرائي ،الدكتور أسامة عبد الحميد حسين https://books.google.com/books?id=ASpHDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%8A+%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%22+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A&pg=PA138 دولة الموحدين (تأسيسها - ثورتها - تنظيماتها - عقيدتها) 2014-01-01 Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية 978-2-7451-8051-3 138 arʻInān Muḥammad ʻAbd Allāh https://books.google.com/books?id=8xALAQAAIAAJ&q=%22%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7+%D9%85%D9%86+%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%87+%D8%A5%D9%84%D8%A7+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%D8%8C+%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7+%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A+%D8%A5%D9%84%D8%A7+%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%D8%8C+%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B6+%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A+%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%22 Age of the Almoravides and Almohades in Maghreb and Moslem Spain 1964 ar Marinid sultanate thumb|Possible appearance of the al-'alam al-mansûr used by the Marinids The Marinid sultanate, who positioned themselves as successors of the Almohads, inherited the 'alam al-mansûr in its form surrounded by other banners. The banner preceded the Sultan's procession to the mosque for Friday prayer and acquired a sacred dimension where it was associated with a divine light, the nūr, legitimizing the Sultan's power. Saadi sultanate thumb|Possible appearance of the al-liwa' al-mansûr used by the Saadis as described by al-FishtaliAfter the Battle of Alcácer Quibir in which Saadi Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur emerged victorious, al-Mansur restored the use the banner as al-liwa' al-mansûr. The banner was used as an emblem of the royal power during the Saadi sultanate.Leroux E. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k64518011/f298.image.r=%22drapeau%20victorieux%22 Archives marocaines : publication de la Mission scientifique du Maroc Mission scientifique du Maroc 1936 34 Rabat 294 fr The banner was described in al-Fishtali's Manahil.Jadour Mohamed https://archive.org/details/20190723_20190723_1141/page/n189/mode/2up مؤسسة المخزن في تاريخ المغرب Fondation du Roi Abdul-Aziz Al Saoud 2011 Casablanca 189–190 ar The Institution of the Makhzen in Morocco’s History The al-liwa' al-mansûr, which was also used as a central symbol of al-Mansur's state, also symbolized the central nature of the Makhzen, the continuity of the empire and especially its independence from the Ottoman Empire, and was displayed during all official ceremonies. References Category:Flags of Morocco