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1222
Reference material by Wikipedia contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
February 2011
1222
1222
Year 1222 (MCCXXII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Asia
The Ghurid dynasty capital of Firozkoh (in modern-day Afghanistan) is destroyed, by Mongol Emperor Ögedei Khan.https://books.google.com/books?id=ArdtAAAAMAAJ&q=1222+Firozkoh Comprehensive History of the Jews of Iran: The Outset of the Diaspora Lavī Ḥabīb Mazda Publishers 1999 9781568590868 Costa Mesa, CA 32 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=58rrjM-6XksC&q=Firozkoh+mongol&pg=PA161 Chingiz Khan: The Life and Legacy of an Empire Builder Haqqi Anwarul Haque Primus Books 2010 9788190891899 New Delhi 161–162 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=nYaamE_3kD4C&q=Firozkoh+mongol&pg=PA16 The "Ancient Supremacy": Bukhara, Afghanistan and the Battle for Balkh, 1731-1901 Lee Jonathan L. BRILL 1996 9789004103993 Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts Leiden, New York, Köln 14–16 en
After the invasion and destruction of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1221, Genghis Khan returns to Mongolia, and a rebellion sparks in Helmand, to which the response is a large army led by Ögedei Khan sent into the region to put an end to the rebellion of Muhammad the Marghani, resulting in the killing of every man in Ghazni and Helmand, and the enslavement and selling of most of the women of the region.
Genghis Khan’s armies were said to have killed approximately 1.6 million people in the city of Herat, in Northwestern Afghanistan.https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2005/04/25/invaders-3 Invaders The New Yorker April 18, 2005 Frazier Ian
Mesoamerica
Chiconquiauhtzin becomes Ruler of the City-state Azcapotzalco at the Valley of Mexicohttps://books.google.com/books?id=tE_dT9F_zycC&q=1222+Azcapotzalco&pg=PA38 REFINERÍA-AZCAPOTZALCO. Un cementerio tecpaneca prehispánico Mendoza Luján J. Erik Alvarado Viñas Adrián Balderas Correa Maria Eugenia Correa Alejanda Gonzales Lulu.com 2011 9789709557206 Morrisville, NC 38 eshttps://pueblosoriginarios.com/biografias/acolhuatzin.html Acolhuatzin pueblosoriginarios.com 2019-06-11
Europe
April 17 – Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury in England, opens a council at Osney Abbey, Oxford.https://books.google.com/books?id=UlmxCwAAQBAJ&q=Stephen+Langton+1222+osney&pg=PA57 Historical Tables: 58 BC–AD 1985 Steinberg S. H. Springer 1986 978-1-349-08585-9 11th London and Basingstoke 57 en 1964https://books.google.com/books?id=SGn5lbRNRVwC&q=1222+osney&pg=PA201 Façade as Spectacle: Ritual and Ideology at Wells Cathedral Malone Carolyn Marino BRILL 2004 9789004138407 Leiden, Boston 201 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=eOxEAAAAYAAJ&q=1222+osney&pg=PA193 The History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford: In Two Books Wood Anthony à John Gutch 1792 The First Oxford, UK 193 en
May 9 – Synod of Oxford – The 1222 Christian Synod of Oxford passes antisemitic laws that forbid social interactions between Jews and Christians, places a specific tithe on Jews and requires them to wear an identifying badge.The 1222 Christian Synod of Oxford passed laws that forbade social interactions between Jews and Christians. placed a specific tithe on Jews and required them to wear an identifying badge.Church of England to apologize for 13th century anti-Semitic laws https://www.ynetnews.com/article/ryxskvj6o 9 May 2022 Ynetnews i24NEWS 13 July 2021 enGardner Charles CHURCH REPENTS OF ANTISEMITISM "I think the Jews of 1222 would have been astonished to hear Hebrew ring out in this cathedral" https://www.israeltoday.co.il/read/church-repents-of-antisemitism/ 9 May 2022 Israel Today 9 May 2022Phillips Melanie The 800-year apology: What is the real challenge to reconciling Christians and Jews? – Israel InSight https://israelinsightmagazine.com/2021/07/16/the-800-year-apology-what-is-the-real-challenge-to-reconciling-christians-and-jews/ 9 May 2022 Israel In SightMayaki Benedict Church of England apologizes for anti-Jewish laws, 800 years on – Vatican News http://www.vaticannews.cn/en/church/news/2022-05/church-england-800-jewish-laws-synod-oxford.html 9 May 2022 www.vaticannews.cn Dicasterium pro Communicatione 9 May 2022 enPope Felix Church of England apologises for 'shameful actions' against Jews https://www.thejc.com/news/church-of-england-apologises-for-shameful-actions-against-jews-qh1rbxf7 9 May 2022 The Jewish ChronicleDiocese of Oxford 800th anniversary of the 1222 Synod of Oxford https://www.oxford.anglican.org/training-events/1222-synod.php 9 May 2022 www.oxford.anglican.org The Oxford Diocesan Board of Finance 6 May 2022 May 8, 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220508090551/https://www.oxford.anglican.org/training-events/1222-synod.php deadAbrams Rebecca Righting Historic Wrongs – 1222 Synod of Oxford https://oxfordjewishheritage.co.uk/oxford-jewish-heritage/medieval-period-c1075-1290/narrative/338-righting-historic-wrongs 9 May 2022 oxfordjewishheritage.co.uk Oxford Jewish Heritage May 22, 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220522222651/https://oxfordjewishheritage.co.uk/oxford-jewish-heritage/medieval-period-c1075-1290/narrative/338-righting-historic-wrongs deadstaff T. O. I. After 800 years, Church of England apologizes to Jews for laws that led to expulsion https://www.timesofisrael.com/church-of-england-apologizes-to-jews-800-years-after-laws-that-led-to-expulsion/ 9 May 2022 The Times of Israel 8 May 2022 0040-7909Peachey Paul Anglican Church apologises over 800-year-old anti-Jewish laws https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/uk-news/2022/05/09/anglican-church-apologises-over-800-year-old-anti-jewish-laws/ 9 May 2022 The National May 9, 2022
May 11 – 1222 Cyprus earthquake.https://books.google.com/books?id=TBCIDwAAQBAJ&q=1222+Cyprus+earthquake&pg=PA218 On Significant Applications of Geophysical Methods: Proceedings of the 1st Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-1), Tunisia 2018 Sundararajan Narasimman Eshagh Mehdi Saibi Hakim Meghraoui Mustapha Al-Garni Mansour Giroux Bernard Springer 2019 978-3-030-01656-2 Advances in Science, Technology and Innovation: IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development Cham, Switzerland 219 en Possible Tsunami Wave Heights in the Eastern Mediterranean Region from 1222 Paphos Earthquake (by Ergin Ulutaş)https://books.google.com/books?id=XdicBAAAQBAJ&q=1222+Cyprus+earthquake&pg=PA114 Tsunamis in the European-Mediterranean Region: From Historical Record to Risk Mitigation Papadopoulos Gerassimos Elsevier 2016 978-0-12-799927-2 Amsterdam, Oxford, Waltham, MA 114 en
August – After the death of John I of Sweden on March 10, 6-year-old Erik Eriksson is elected new King of Sweden (sometime between this time and July 1223).https://books.google.com/books?id=8iJpCgAAQBAJ&q=1222+Erik+XI+Sweden&pg=PA307 Historical Dictionary of Sweden Elgán Elisabeth Scobbie Irene Rowman & Littlefield 2015 978-1-4422-5071-0 Lanham, MA and London 307 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=joawDAAAQBAJ&q=1222+Erik+XI+Sweden&pg=PA240 Vikings and Goths: A History of Ancient and Medieval Sweden Peterson Gary Dean McFarland 2016 978-1-4766-2434-1 Jefferson, NC 240 en
December 15 – The Golden Bull of 1222 is issued in Hungary, limiting the power of the monarchy over the nobility.https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4z4MmBFS10C&q=Golden+Bull+of+1222&pg=PA637 Select Documents Illustrating Mediaeval and Modern History Reich Emil The Minerva Group, Inc. 2004 978-1-4102-1536-9 Honolulu, HI 637 en 1905https://books.google.com/books?id=OhJ189HIqXUC&q=Golden+Bull+of+1222&pg=PA276 Freedom and the Construction of Europe Skinner Quentin Gelderen Martin van Cambridge University Press 2013 978-1-107-03306-1 I: Religious Freedom and Civil Liberty Cambridge and New York 276 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=y0g4YEp7ZrsC&q=Golden+Bull+of+1222&pg=PA33 A Concise History of Hungary Molnár Miklós Miklós Molnár Cambridge University Press 2001 978-0-521-66736-4 Cambridge and New York 32–34 en
December 25 – The 1222 Brescia earthquake is so powerful that the inhabitants of Brescia leave their city en masse and camp outside so that falling buildings would not crush them, according to chronicler Salimbene de Adam.Salimbene de Adam, Chronicle of Salimbene de Adam.
Livonian Crusade – The Danish fail in their attempt to conquer Saaremaa Island from the Estonians.https://books.google.com/books?id=pUawCQAAQBAJ&q=1222+Saaremaa&pg=PR27 Historical Dictionary of Estonia Miljan Toivo Rowman & Littlefield 2015 978-0-8108-7513-5 Lanham, MA, Boulder, CO, New York, Toronto, Plymouth, UK xxvii en
Ottokar I of Bohemia reunites Bohemia and Moravia.https://books.google.com/books?id=bclfdU_2lesC&q=1222+Ottokar&pg=PA763 The New Cambridge Medieval History Abulafia University Lecturer in History David Cambridge University Press 1995 978-0-521-36289-4 5, C.1198-c.1300 Cambridge, New York, Melbourne 763 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=MuZ3DwAAQBAJ&q=1222+Ottokar+I&pg=PT245 The Medieval Networks in East Central Europe: Commerce, Contacts, Communication Nagy Balazs Vadas András Schmieder Felicitas Routledge 2019 978-1-351-37116-2 New York and London en
The Cistercian convent in Alcobaça, Portugal, is completed.https://books.google.com/books?id=jcXlAAAAMAAJ&q=1222+Alcoba%C3%A7a Escultura de Alcobaca Por Barata Feyo Feyo Barata 1945 43 pthttps://books.google.com/books?id=fBtwDwAAQBAJ&q=1222+Alcoba%C3%A7a&pg=PA177 The Story of Eclipses Simply Told for General Readers, With Especial Reference to the Total Eclipse of the Sun of May 28, 1900 Chambers George George Newnes 2018 978-3-7340-2824-3 London 177 en 1899
Approximate date – The Royal Standard of Scotland is adopted.https://books.google.com/books?id=2XvnCwAAQBAJ&q=1222+Royal+Standard+of+Scotland&pg=PA91 The Shape of the State in Medieval Scotland, 1124–1290 Taylor Alice Oxford University Press 2016 978-0-19-874920-2 Oxford and New York 91 en
Traditional date – The University of Padua is founded in Italy, by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.https://books.google.com/books?id=iW7E7LQiu8kC&q=1222+university+of+padua&pg=PA10 The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages Rashdall Hastings Cambridge University Press 2010 978-1-108-01811-1 2, Part 1, Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Scotland, Etc. Cambridge and New York 10–11 en 1895https://books.google.com/books?id=kdyhAwAAQBAJ&q=1222+university+of+padua&pg=PA2 University Planning and Architecture: The Search for Perfection Coulson Jonathan Roberts Paul Taylor Isabelle Routledge 2011 978-1-136-93370-7 New York and London 1222 en
Births
February 16 – Nichiren, founder of Nichiren Buddhism (d. 1282)https://books.google.com/books?id=WA12nHRtmAwC&q=1222+Nichiren&pg=PA251 Historical Dictionary of New Religious Movements Chryssides George D. Rowman & Littlefield 2012 9780810861947 Second Lanham, MA, Toronto, Plymouth, UK 251 en
August 4 – Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (d. 1262)https://books.google.com/books?id=A8MIAwAAQBAJ&q=1222+Richard+de+Clare&pg=PA31 The History of the Noble House of Stourton, of Stourton, in the County of Wilts Stourton Mowbray Charles Botolph Joseph Elliot Stock 1899 9785871291931 London 31 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=3F9nG8aFJ7MC&q=1222+Richard+de+Clare&pg=PA63 Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: Lineages from Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Other Historical Individuals Weis Frederick Lewis Sheppard Walter Lee Beall William Ryland Beall Kaleen E. Genealogical Publishing Company 2008 9780806317526 Baltimore, MD 63 en 1950
Queen Jeongsun (Wonjong) of Korea (d. 1237)Venning Timothy https://books.google.com/books?id=M2bFEAAAQBAJ A Compendium of Medieval World Sovereigns 2023-06-30 Taylor & Francis 978-1-000-86633-9 en
Deaths
February 1 – Alexios Megas Komnenos, first Emperor of Trebizondhttps://books.google.com/books?id=3d31TgZbhWcC&q=1222+alexios+trebizond&pg=PA984 The Manual of Dates: A Dictionary of Reference to the Most Important Events in the History of Mankind to be Found in Authentic Records Townsend George Henry Frederick Warne & Company 1867 London 984https://books.google.com/books?id=486s3eMkLfgC&q=1222+alexios+trebizond&pg=PA42 Biographical Index of the Middle Ages Wispelwey Berend Walter de Gruyter 2008 9783110914160 Munich 42
March 10 – Johan Sverkersson, king of Sweden since 1216 (b. 1201)https://books.google.com/books?id=yok-AQAAIAAJ&q=1222+John+of+Sweden&pg=PA361 The Comprehensive Dictionary of Biography: Embracing a Series of Original Memoirs of the Most Distinguished Persons of All Countries, Living and Dead. To which is Added, A Classified List of the Most Distinguished Persons of All Times, Arranged Chronologically Richard Griffin and Company 1860 London and Glasgow 361https://books.google.com/books?id=CsxHAQAAMAAJ&q=1222+John+of+Sweden&pg=PA438 An Ecclesiastical History, Ancient and Modern: In which the Rise, Progress, and Variations of Church Power, are Considered in Their Connexion with the State of Learning and Philosophy, and the Political History of Europe During that Period Mosheim Johann Lorenz Coote Charles Gleig George Plaskitt & Company and Armstrong & Plaskitt 1834 II Baltimore, MD 438
June 23 – Constance of Aragon, Holy Roman Empress, queen consort of Hungary (b. 1179)https://books.google.com/books?id=GD4dBQAAQBAJ&q=1222+Constance+of+Aragon&pg=PA175 Queenship in Medieval Europe Earenfight Theresa Macmillan International Higher Education 2013 9781137303929 New York and London 185https://books.google.com/books?id=QzArDwAAQBAJ&q=1222+Constance+of+Aragon&pg=PA842 Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia Barker John W. Taylor & Francis 2016 9781351664431 Kleinhenz Christopher Routledge Revivals II: L - Z New York and London 842 2004
August 2 – Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse (b. 1156)https://books.google.com/books?id=fJf_PA6jLfcC&q=1222+Raymond+VI&pg=PA261 The History of the Renaissance World: From the Rediscovery of Aristotle to the Conquest of Constantinople Bauer Susan Wise W. W. Norton & Company 2013 9780393240672 New York and London 261https://books.google.com/books?id=P6kDAAAAYAAJ&q=1222+Raymond+VI&pg=PA761 Appletons' Cyclopædia of Biography: Embracing a Series of Original Memoirs of the Most Distinguished Persons of All Times Rich Elihu Hawks Francis Lister D. Appleton and Company 1865 New York 761
August 12 – Duke Vladislaus III of Bohemiahttps://books.google.com/books?id=0aGXCgAAQBAJ&q=1222+Vladislaus+III+Bohemia&pg=PA298 Vladislaus Henry: The Formation of Moravian Identity Wihoda Martin BRILL 2015 9789004303836 Leiden, Boston 2–3https://books.google.com/books?id=79594Ne1fesC&q=1222+Vladislaus+III+Bohemia&pg=PA524 The Czech Lands in Medieval Transformation Klapste Jan BRILL 2012 9789004203471 Leiden, Boston 524
Theodore I Lascaris, founder of the Byzantine Empire of Nicaeahttps://books.google.com/books?id=my1oPE5CxvYC&q=1222+Theodore+Lascaris&pg=PP13 The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Gibbon Edward A. Strahan and T. Cadell Jun. and W. Davies (successors to Mr. Cadell) 1797 the Eleventh London 253https://books.google.com/books?id=79VAAQAAMAAJ&q=1222+Theodore+Lascaris&pg=PP252 Universal Historical Dictionary: Or, Explanation of the Names of Persons and Places in the Departments of Biblical, Political, and Ecclesiastical History, Mythology, Heraldry, Biography, Bibliography, Geography, and Numismatics. Illustrated by Portraits and Medallic Cuts Crabb George Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy 1825 II London
References