1st (UK) Division

Light division of the British Army the Second World War service of the armoured formation 1st Armoured Division (United Kingdom) May 2011 October 2021 1st Division 1st Infantry Division 1st (United Kingdom) Division File:1st (UK) Division's insignia.png Divisional insignia adopted in 1983 1809–1978; 2014 onwards United Kingdom UK Light infantry Land Forces Command Imphal Barracks, York, United Kingdom Peninsular WarWar of the Sixth CoalitionWar of the Seventh CoalitionCrimean WarAnglo-Zulu WarSecond Boer WarWorld War IIrish War of Independence1936–1939 Arab revolt in PalestineWorld War IIJewish insurgency in Mandatory PalestineIraq War Major General Robert Hedderwick 100px 1939–1960s 100px 1960s–1983 Peninsular Day1 (UK) Division https://twitter.com/1UKDivision/status/1544783310009913344 6 July 2022 Twitter 6 July 2022, 1 (UK) Division https://twitter.com/1UKDivision/status/1418206792283136019 22 July 2021 Twitter 22 July 2021, 1(UK) Division https://twitter.com/1UKDivision/status/1304042196727992320 10 September 2020 Twitter 10 September 2020, and 1 (UK) Division https://twitter.com/1UKDivision/status/1139595891306876928 14 June 2019 Twitter 14 June 2019 The 1st (United Kingdom) Division is an active division of the British Army that has been formed and disestablished numerous times between 1809 and the present. In its original incarnation as the 1st Division, it took part in the Peninsular War—part of the Coalition Wars of the Napoleonic Wars—and was disbanded in 1814 but was re-formed the following year for service in the War of the Seventh Coalition and fought at the Battle of Waterloo. It remained active as part of the British occupation of France until it was disbanded in 1818, when the British military withdrew. The division was then raised as needed; it served in the Crimean War, the Anglo-Zulu War, and the Second Boer War. In 1902, the British Army formed several permanent divisions, which included the 1st Division, which fought in the First World War, made various deployments during the interwar period, and took part in the Second World War when it was known as the 1st Infantry Division. In the post-war period, the division was deployed to Mandatory Palestine on internal security operations during the Jewish insurgency. In 1948, when all British troops left, the division transferred to Tripoli, Libya, which was then under occupation by Anglo-French forces following the conclusion of the Second World War. With rising tensions in Egypt, the division was moved there to defend the Suez Canal. It remained there until 1955, when it was withdrawn to the UK as Britain removed its military from the area. The stay in the UK was short because there was little need for an additional divisional headquarters, and the division was disbanded on 30 June 1960. The following day, it was reformed in Germany as the 1st Division by the renaming of the 5th Division and served as part of I (British) Corps, and helped pioneer new tactics. On 1 April 1978, the division changed designation to the 1st Armoured Division (United Kingdom).Wilson 1993 In 2014, the formation was reborn as the 1st (United Kingdom) Division and transformed into a light infantry formation. The following year, the headquarters moved from Germany to Imphal Barracks, York. It is currently planned for the headquarters to be relocated to Catterick Garrison after 2028. History Divisional history 1809–1945 History of the British 1st Division (1809–1909) History of the British 1st Division during the World Wars thumb|right|Second World War-era troops of the 1st Infantry Division, during an exercise. The 1st Division was formed on 18 June 1809 by Lieutenant-General Arthur Wellesley, commander of British forces in Spain and Portugal, for service during the Peninsular War—part of the Napoleonic Wars.https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/formations-divisions-brigades/1st-united-kingdom-division/ 1st (UK) Division Ministry of Defence 27 June 2022Haythornthwaite 2016 The Divisional SystemThe division's official history's latest edition, authored by Wilson in 1993, and defence analyst Charles Heyman, both write that the 1st Armoured Division was formed in 1940; disbanded soon after the end of the Second World War; reformed 1978; and disbanded 2014.Wilson 1993Heyman 1997 24Heyman 2007 36Heyman 2012 34 Confused mentions at various dates on British Army websites have conflated the two divisions; see alsoWinton 1988 191–195 After the conclusion of the War of the Sixth Coalition, the division was broken up in France and its troops dispersed to the UK or were dispatched to North America to take part in the War of 1812.Oman 1930 496, 504–513, 561 The division was reformed the following year when the War of the Seventh Coalition began, and it fought at the battles of Quatre Bras and Waterloo. In the latter battle, the division helped repulse the final attack of the day, which the French Imperial Guard had launched.Siborne 1900 186–190, 339–342, 521, 570 With the end of the war, the division became part of the Army of Occupation based in France, where it remained until December 1818, when it was disbanded upon the British withdrawal and the end of the occupation.Ross-of-Bladensburg 1896 48–50Veve 1992 159 During the mid-to late-19th century, several formations bearing the name 1st Division were formed, each for a particular conflict. According to the division's official website, three such formations form part of its lineage: those that fought in the Crimean War (1854–1856), the Anglo-Zulu War (1879), and the Second Boer War (1899–1900). In 1902, the division was reformed as a permanent formation within the British Army and was stationed at Aldershot.Dunlop 1938 218–219 During the First World War (1914–1918), it was deployed to France and fought on the Western Front throughout the conflict. In 1918, following the Armistice of 11 November 1918, it marched into Germany and became part of the occupation force the British Army of the Rhine. In March 1919, the 1st Division was redesignated as the Western Division and ceased to exist.Becke 1935 33–39Kennedy Crabb 1977 243 It was reformed on 4 June 1919 at Aldershot and was the only division maintained in a state of readiness in the immediate post-war years. Detachments were dispatched to take part in the Irish War of Independence, to reinforce the Occupation of Constantinople, and to help oversee the 1935 Saar status referendum.Lord Watson 2003 24https://books.google.com/books?id=LFNaAAAAYAAJ&q=1st%20division&pg=PA37 War Office, Monthly Army List, December 1920 1920 29 His Majesty's Stationery Office London From September to December 1936, the entire division was deployed to Palestine during the opening stages of the Arab revolt. The majority of its troops were returned to the UK by the end of the year and the remainder returned in 1937.24 September 1936 47488 12 British Troops In Palestine The Times, 19 December 1936 47562 10 The Army: Return of the 1st Division The Times, 17 August 1937 47765 10 British Troops in Palestine: Reliefs This Winter The Times, https://digital.nls.uk/british-military-lists/archive/105126500 War Office, Monthly Army List, November 1937 22 National Library of Scotland 20 December 2022 and https://digital.nls.uk/british-military-lists/archive/105117665 War Office, Monthly Army List, December 1937 22 National Library of Scotland 20 December 2022 During the Second World War, by which time it was known as the 1st Infantry Division, the formation took part in the Battle of France, the Tunisian campaign, and the Italian campaign. In February 1945, it was transferred from Italy to Palestine and remained there for the final stages of the war.Joslen 2003 35–36 Post-war and Cold War Cold War With the exception of the period December 1945–March 1946, when the division moved to Egypt to reorganise, the 1st Infantry Division remained in Palestine until May 1948. During this time, it was assigned to internal security operations during the Jewish insurgency. Its forces were deployed to Haifa and Galilee, and to guard the northern border. As part of the general British withdrawal from Palestine, in May 1948, the division relocated to Tripoli, which was at the time part of the British Military Administration (Libya).Charters 1989 88, 145–146 In August 1951 during the Korean War, the 1st Commonwealth Division was activated. Due to a lack of troops in the theatre, engineer and signal personnel from the 1st Infantry Division were sent to join the newly formed formation in Korea.French 2012 134 The 1st Infantry Division's time in Libya lasted until November 1951, when it joined the 80-000-strong British garrison in Egypt. Located in the Ismailia region, it was tasked with the defence of the Suez Canal and British interests in the Middle East.Lord Watson 2003 25https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/30072601 Badge, formation, 1st Infantry Division & 2nd Infantry Brigade Imperial War Museum 17 December 2022 By 1952 it was made up of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Infantry Brigades, each with three battalions, plus divisional troops.Graham Watson Order of Battle, British Army, 1952, includes 1st Infantry Division (plus 3rd Infantry Division) in Egypt http://orbat.com/site/history/library-new/1946-1990/britishempire/army1952.html https://web.archive.org/web/20051119205129/http://orbat.com/site/history/library-new/1946-1990/britishempire/army1952.html 19 November 2005 10 August 2025 But in October 1951 a new Egyptian government had abrogated the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936, under which British troops were to remain in the canal area. The ensuing political landscape saw increased animosity to the British presence, eventually resulting in an agreement to withdraw.Darwin 1988 163, 207–208 By December 1955 the division was back in the UK, but only with the 2nd and 3rd Brigades.Wilson 1993 46 After its return, the division was used as a source of personnel for formations overseas and was never brought up to full strength.Lord Watson 2003 25 On 30 June 1960, by which point there was no need for an additional divisional headquarters in the UK, the 1st Infantry Division was disbanded.Lord Watson 2003 251960 Army Notes Royal United Services Institution 105 619 430–434 10.1080/03071846009421132 The next day, 1 July 1960, the 1st Division "peremptorily asserted the rights of the senior formation" and the 5th Division in Germany disappeared, being replaced by the 1st.Wilson 1993 The division was located at Verden an der Aller, Germany, and formed part of the I (British) Corps of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR).Watson Rinaldi 2005 25 The 1st Infantry Division's insignia was a white triangle. The red outline appears to have been adopted in the 1960s; German officials described it as resembling a give way sign.https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/30076555 Badge, formation, British, 1st (UK) Armoured Division Imperial War Museum 17 December 2022 At the end of the 1960s, the formation conducted division-wide trials using the "square brigade" concept. When they were deemed successful in 1970, all brigades within the BAOR were reorganised accordingly.Kneen Sutton 1996 177Square brigades at this time were envisaged as two armoured regiments and two mechanised infantry battalions. This differed from the previous infantry brigades, of three infantry battalions and one tank regiment, and armoured brigades of three armoured regiments and one infantry battalion.Stone 1998 105House 1984 169 In the late 1960s, new anti-tank and defence in depth concepts were developed as fears of a possible Warsaw Pact surprise attack grew. Major-General Edwin Bramall promoted these new ideas when he took command of the 1st Division in January 1972. Bramall felt there was an over-reliance on the arrival of reinforcements to resist an offensive by the Soviet Union rather than the BAOR being able to do so itself. Using the division, the new tactics were refined and were later adopted by BAOR, and further developed at a higher level in the mid-1970s.DeVore 2009 278–281The basic concept was to draw Soviet armoured forces into kill zones along their anticipated route of advance. These zones would be mined, and Soviet tanks engaged by anti-tank guided missile-equipped infantry and tanks in hull down positions to inflict heavy casualties. The BAOR would conduct a fighting withdrawal as needed using its own reinforcements to counterattack any Soviet breakthroughs. It was expected such methods would allow the BAOR to resist an offensive for five days without receiving external reinforcements. Because this strategy required tanks to be used in a more-defensive manner, it ran counter to the then-established doctrine that called for tanks to be used in a more-offensive capacity and in a local counterattack role.DeVore 2009 278–281 On 1 April 1978, the 1st Division was redesignated as the 1st Armoured Division.Lord Watson 2003 25 The division's 7th and the 11th Armoured Brigades became defunct, and were replaced by Task Force Alpha and Task Force Bravo.DeVore 2009 281–282 Afghanistan Operation Herrick From 2006 onwards, Task Force Helmand, which was based on a reinforced brigade, was formed to conduct stabilisation-and counterinsurgency missions in Helmand Province, Afghanistan. Under the oversight of this task force, the division deployed the 20th Armoured Brigade between October 2011 and April 2012. The next deployment came between October 2013 and June 2014, when the 7th Armoured Brigade was sent to Afghanistan. The final deployment, which coincided with the disbanding of the task force and the British withdrawal from Helmand, was made by the 20th Armoured Brigade between June and December 2014.Tanner 2014 52–54 As with the Gulf War, the division returned to Germany following its time in Iraq and continued to be headquartered at Hereford. While deploying a brigade at a time to Iraq under the oversight of the Multi-National Division (South-East), the 1st (UK) Armoured Division maintained command over the 4th Armoured Brigade based at Osnabrück, the 7th Armoured Brigade at Bergen, and the 20th Armoured Brigade at Paderborn. Combined with the divisional assets and support personnel, the formation was around 17,000 strong. In 2006, following decisions made in the 2003 Delivering Security in a Changing World white paper, the 4th Armoured Brigade was converted into the 4th Mechanized Brigade, a move that decreased the number of its tank regiments and replaced them with infantry battalions. Two years later, the brigade was moved to England and joined the 3rd Division, which reduced the division to two brigades. By 2013, the 7th Armoured Brigade had relocated to Hohne.Tanner 2014 15, 51–52Heyman 2007 37 Transition to light infantry The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010 made a commitment to rebase all remaining British forces stationed in Germany and to move them to the UK. The review also outlined the Army 2020 plan, which aimed to restructure the army from one optimized for the War in Afghanistan to one that was more flexible. This included establishing a Reaction Force and an Adaptable Force, the former of which was to based around the 3rd Division and would contain the army's tanks. This force would be primed for short-notice deployments. The Adaptable Force was to be based around the 1st Division, and would be responsible for Britain's standing commitments in Brunei, Cyprus, the Falkland Islands, public duties, and United Nation peacekeeping, and to support any enduring operations undertaken by the army.Tanner 2014 6–7, 18–192010 32 https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/62482/strategic-defence-security-review.pdf Securing Britain in an Age of Uncertainty: The Strategic Defence and Security Review 22 June 2023 On 21 July 2014, the division was renamed the 1st (United Kingdom) Division. The redesignation, part of the Army 2020 changes, was the start of the division's restructure from an armoured formation to one that consisted of light infantry, and the start of its role in the Adaptable Force.Tanner 2014 18–192014 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/british-army-celebrates-new-division-in-germany British Army celebrates new division in Germany 23 June 2023 On 2 June 2015, the divisional headquarters moved from Germany to Imphal Barracks, York.http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/13312614.Homecoming_of_a_Yorkshire_general/ Homecoming of a Yorkshire general The Press 4 June 2015 10 August 2015 Upon its reorganisation, the division consisted of the 4th Infantry Brigade—previously the 4th Mechanized and the 15th (North East) Brigades—and was based at Catterick Garrison); the 7th infantry Brigade—the previous 7th Armoured Brigade's headquarters merged with the 49th (Eastern) Brigade—and was based at Chetwynd Barracks, Chilwell); the 11th Infantry Brigade at Aldershot Garrison; the 38th (Irish) Brigade at Thiepval Barracks, Lisburn; the 42nd Infantry Brigade at Fulwood Barracks, Preston; the 51st Infantry Brigade at Redford Barracks, Edinburgh; the 102nd Logistic Brigade at Prince William of Gloucester Barracks, Grantham; and the 160th Infantry Brigade at The Barracks, Brecon.Tanner 2014 18–19 Further changes occurred following the 2015 Strategic Defence and Security Review, resulting in Army 2020 Refine, which was implemented in 2019.Neads Galbreath 2023 3362019 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/army-restructures-to-confront-evolving-threats Army restructures to confront evolving threats 23 June 2023 The division then consisted of the 4th, 7th, 11th, and 51st Infantry Brigades, as well as the 2nd Medical Brigade at Queen Elizabeth Barracks, Strensall; 8th Engineer Brigade at Gibraltar Barracks, Minley; the 102nd Logistical Brigade; and the 104th Logistical Brigade at Duke of Gloucester Barracks, South Cerney.2013 https://data.parliament.uk/DepositedPapers/Files/DEP2013-0426/20130301-A2020_Reg_Basing_Matrix-OrgPlans-FINAL-R.pdf Regular army Basing Matrix by Formation and Unit: 5 Mar 13 23 June 2023 The role of the division was also expanded to "provide more strategic choice and a range of capabilities, conducting capacity building, stabilisation operations, disaster relief and UK resilience operations". In December 2020, the 1st Military Police Brigade joined the division.1 (UK) Division https://twitter.com/1ukdivision/status/1333695923264872448 1 December 2020 Twitter 3 December 2020 Future Soldier thumb|Soldiers of the division (Royal Anglian Regiment, 7th Light Mechanised Brigade) in 2021 Under the 2021 Future Soldier programme, additional organisational changes were made. The divisional headquarters will relocate to Catterick but this move will not take place before 2028. Under this programme, the division was planned to be re-organised as such:2021 https://www.army.mod.uk/media/14919/adr010310-futuresoldierguide_25nov.pdf 38–51, 95 Future Soldier Guide 23 June 2023 4th Light Brigade Combat Team (Cottesmore) 7th Light Mechanised Brigade Combat Team (Catterick) 8th Engineer Brigade (Minley) 11th Security Force Assistance Brigade (Aldershot) 19th Brigade (York) 102 Operational Sustainment Brigade (Grantham; brigade HQ will move to York in 2024, then on to Catterick in 2029) 1st Military Intelligence Battalion, Intelligence Corps (Catterick) 5th Military Intelligence Battalion, Intelligence Corps (Edinburgh) 2nd Signal Regiment, Royal Corps of Signals (York, then will move to Catterick but not before 2028) 37th Signal Regiment, Royal Corps of Signals (Redditch) Following the Future Soldier transformation, at DSEI 2023, General Patrick Sanders announced changes to the structure of the division, such as: "1st (UK) Division taking 16 Air Assault Brigade Combat Team under its command and becoming a land component command of a joint and multi-domain sovereign Global Response Force (GRF) by 2024."https://www.army.mod.uk/news/army-chief-sets-out-plan-for-next-generation-of-war-fighters/ Army chief sets out plan for next generation of war fighters Ministry of Defence 31 July 2025 In 2024, 8th Engineer Brigade was resubordinated to HQ Allied Rapid Reaction Corps.SOLDIER https://edition.pagesuite-professional.co.uk/html5/reader/production/default.aspx?pubname=&pubid=1a92be17-44b0-4dd4-b740-89057cd9a275 2024-10-06 edition.pagesuite-professional.co.uk en-US Organisation thumb|right|340px|1st (UK) Division organization as of January 2026 (click to enlarge) In late 2025 the division included:Future Soldier Guide, p. 37 4th Light Brigade (Catterick) 7th Light Mechanised Brigade (Cottesmore) 16 Air Assault Brigade (Colchester) 19th Brigade (York) 102 Operational Sustainment Brigade (Grantham; brigade HQ will move to York in 2024, then on to Catterick in 2029) 1st Military Intelligence Battalion, Intelligence Corps (Catterick) 5th Military Intelligence Battalion, Intelligence Corps (Edinburgh) 1st Signal Regiment, Royal Corps of Signals (Perham Down) 2nd Signal Regiment, Royal Corps of Signals (York, then will move to Catterick but not before 2028) 37th Signal Regiment, Royal Corps of Signals (Redditch) See also United Kingdom List of commanders of the British 1st Division List of Victoria Cross recipients from the British 1st Division British Forces Germany Notes Footnotes Citations 20em References Becke Archibald Frank 1935 Order of Battle of Divisions Part 1: The Regular British Divisions His Majesty's Stationery Office London 929528172 Blume Peter BAOR The Final Years: Vehicles of the British Army of the Rhine 1980 – 1994 Tankograd Publishing Erlangen, Germany 2007 252418281 Stephen A. Bourque Jayhawk! The VII Corps in the Persian Gulf War Washington, D.C. 2002 978-0-16051-128-8 Carney Stephen A. 2011 Allied Participation in Operation Iraqi Freedom Center of Military History Washington D.C. 978-0-16086-694-4 Charters David A. The British Army and Jewish Insurgency in Palestine, 1945–47 Palgrave Macmillan New York 1989 978-1-349-19977-8 Darwin John Britain and Decolonisation: The Retreat from Empire in the Post-War World MacMillan London 1988 978-0-33329-258-7 PhD DeVore Marc Ronald 2009 Armed Forces, States and Threats: Civil-Military Institutions and Military Power in Modern Democracies Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 1721.1/59797 29 October 2019 https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/59797 680546037 Doerr Paul William Spencer C. Tucker Middle East Conflicts frm Ancient Egypt to the 21st Century 1: A–F ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, California 2019 Basra, Battle for (March 23–April 7, 2003 978-1-44085-353-1 Dunlop John K. The Development of the British Army 1899–1914 Methuen London 1938 59826361 David French Army, Empire, and Cold War: The British Army and Military Policy Oxford Oxford University Press 2012 978-0-199-54823-1 Robert Griffin Challenger 2: The British Main Battle Tank Barnsley Pen & Sword Military 2017 978-1-47389-665-9 Philip Haythornthwaite Picton's Division at Waterloo Barnsley Pen & Sword Books 2016 978-1-78159-102-4 Charles Heyman The British Army: A Pocket Guide Barnsley Pen & Sword 1997 978-0-85052-539-7 Charles Heyman The British Army: A Pocket Guide 2008–2009 Barnsley Pen & Sword 2007 978-1-78340-811-5 Charles Heyman The British Army Guide: 2012–2013 Havertown Pen & Sword 2012 978-1-78303-280-8 House Jonathan M. Toward Combined Arms Warfare: A Survey of 20th-Century Tactics, Doctrine, and Organization Research Survey No. 2 US Army Command and General Staff College Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 1984 11650157 Isby David C. Jeffrey Simon NATO-Warsaw Pact Force Mobilization National Defense University Press Washington D.C. 1988 317–352 Developments in the Front-Line States: The United Kingdom 18522267 Kaplan Philip Rolling Thunder: A Century of Tank Warfare Pen & Sword Military Barnsley 2012 978-1-47383-136-0 Kennedy Alistair George Felix Crabb The Postal History of the British Army in World War I, Before and After, 1903–1929 G. Crabb Ewell, Surrey 1977 60058343 Kneen J. M. D. J. Sutton Craftsmen of the Army: The Story of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers 1969–1992 II Leo Cooper London 1996 978-0-850-52549-6 Lord Cliff Graham Watson 2003 The Royal Corps of Signals: Unit Histories of the Corps (1920–2001) and its Antecedents West Midlands Helion 978-1-874622-07-9 Williamson Murray Robert H. Scales 2003 The Iraq War: A Military History The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England 9780674012806 Neads Alex Galbreath David J. Mikael Weissmann Niklas Nilsson Advanced Land Warfare: Tactics and Operations Oxford University Press Oxford 2023 Tactics and Trade Offs: The Evolution of Manoeuvre in the British Army 978-0-19285-742-2 Charles Oman A History of the Peninsular War VII August 1813 – April 14, 1814 Oxford Oxford University Press 1930 https://archive.org/details/historyofpeninsu07oman 185228609 Nigel Pearce The Shield and the Sabre: The Desert rats in the Gulf 1990–1991 London Her Majesty's Stationery Office 1992 978-0-11701-637-8 Joel D. Rayburn Frank K. Sobchak 2019 The U.S. Army in the Iraq War 1: Invasion – Insurgency – Civil War, 2003–2006 US Army War College Press Carlisle, PA 1083220385 John Foster George Ross-of-Bladensburg A History of the Coldstream Guards from 1815 to 1895 London A.D. Inness & Co. 1896 1152610342 https://www.gutenberg.org/files/58852/58852-h/58852-h.htm Gutenberg.org William Siborne The Waterloo Campaign 5th Westminster Archibald Constable and Co. 1900 672639901 https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/58268/pg58268-images.html Nick Smart Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War 2005 Pen & Sword Military Barnsley 978-1-78346-036-6 Stone David Cold War Warriors: The Story of the Duke of Edinburgh's Royal Regiment (Berkshire and Wiltshire) Leo Cooper London 1998 978-0-850-52618-9 James Tanner The British Army since 2000 Oxford Osprey Publishing 2014 978-1-78200-593-3 Taylor Claire 2010 https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN05714/SN05714.pdf A Brief Guide to Previous British Defence Reviews (SN/IA/5714) House of Commons Library: International Affairs and Defence Section 28 October 2019 Spencer C. Tucker Priscilla Mary Roberts Paul G. Pierpaoli Jr. Jerry D. Morelock David Zabecki The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts I: A–D Santa Barbara, California; Denver, Colorado; Oxford, England ABC CLIO 2010 978-1-85109-947-4 Thomas Dwight Veve The Duke of Wellington and the British Army of Occupation in France, 1815-1818 Westport, Connecticut and London Greenwood Press 1992 978-0-31327-941-6 Graham Watson Richard A. Rinaldi https://books.google.com/books?id=FPAMQ3oIT_4C&q=%2212th+Armoured+Brigade%22+verden&pg=PA105 The British Army in Germany: An Organizational History 1947-2004 General Data 2005 978-0972029698 Peter Liddell Wilson The First Division 1809-1993: A Short Illustrated History 2nd 1st Division Herford, Germany 1993 29635235 Harold R. Winton To Change an Army: General Sir John Burnett-Stuart and British Armoured Doctrine, 1927–1938 Lawrence, Kansas University Press of Kansas 1988 978-0-70060-356-5 Further reading Peter Liddell Wilson The First Division 1809-1985: A Short Illustrated History 1st Armoured Division Viersen, Germany 1985 500105706 External links https://www.iwm.org.uk/memorials/item/memorial/50247 Memorial: 1st and 2nd Infantry Divisions Imperial War Museum 27 June 2022 none https://www.warmemorialsonline.org.uk/memorial/161066/ 1st Division Porchway War Memorials Online 27 June 2022 none Category:Armoured divisions of the British Army in World War II Category:Armoured divisions of the United Kingdom Category:British forces in Germany Category:British organisations established in 1939 Category:Military units and formations established in 1809 Category:Military units and formations established in 1960