1990s in Latin music

Major events and trends in Latin music in the 1990s For Latin music from a year in the 1990s, go to 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 1980s . 1990s in Latin music . 2000s thumb|195x195px|Selena was named Top Latin Artist of the 1990s by Billboard.1999: The Year in Music Billboard 25 December 1999 111 52 YD-22 https://books.google.com/books?id=9w0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=SL680-PA22 7 December 2021 Nielsen Business Media 0006-2510 This article includes an overview of trends in Latin music in the 1990s, namely in Ibero-America (including Spain and Portugal). This includes the rise and fall of various subgenres in Latin music from 1990 to 1999. Overview According to the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), Latin music sales grew by almost 25% from 1996 to $490 million in 1997 ($909.818 million in 2022). There were 44.1 million Latin albums shipped in the United States. According to the RIAA, the increase in Latin music during this period is due to major record companies forming joint ventures with specialty indie labels familiar with the market, an increase of Latin artists on major labels providing them greater exposure, as well as an increase in radio stations playing Latin music which provided an expansion in Latin music awareness.Burr 1998 55 Latin pop 300 Luis Miguel (3x4 cropped).jpg The success of Luis Miguel's Romance (1991) led to a renewed mainstream interest in the bolero genre in the Latin pop field. Ricky Martin @AllPhones Arena Sydney Australia (17296059446).jpg Ricky Martin's "Livin' la Vida Loca" kickstarted the "Latin Pop Explosion" of the late 1990s. Like the previous two decades, Latin pop was mainly dominated by baladas. Unlike the Latin balladeers of the 1970s and 1980s however, Latin crooners in the 1990s such as Luis Miguel, Cristian Castro, Ricky Martin, Enrique Iglesias, and Alejandro Fernández, were much younger (being in their 20s) and appealed to a more youthful audience.Lechner Ernesto Latin Pop's Golden Boys https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-oct-22-ca-34841-story.html October 16, 2022 Los Angeles Times October 22, 1998 Luis Miguel, whose early recordings consisted of soft rock and pop ballad tunes,Balderston Daniel Gonzalez Mike Lopez Ana M. Encyclopedia of Contemporary Latin American and Caribbean Cultures 11 September 2002 Routledge London, United Kingdom 9781134788521 879 https://books.google.com/books?id=kp6FAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA879 19 March 2015 23 March 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220323233941/https://books.google.com/books?id=kp6FAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA879 live released Romance, a collection of bolero covers, in 1991. The album's popularity led to a renewed interested in the genre in the Latin pop field.http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Ageless+romance+with+bolero.-a017482173 Ageless Romance with Bolero Holston Mark Américas September 1, 1995 March 21, 2015 Baladas were not the only popular form of Latin pop music in the 1990s. Martin, despite the positive reactions of his first two ballad-laden albums, his 1991 self-titled album and Me Amaras (1993), experimented with the sounds of the Spanish-speaking Caribbean for his third studio album A Medio Vivir (1995), despite the reluctance of his record label Sony Discos.Cobo Leila The Latin Spark Billboard November 4, 2006 118 44 44 https://books.google.com/books?id=Pg8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA44 October 17, 2022 0006-2510 The album spawned the hit single, "María", which made the artist's popularity expand outside of Latin America, particularly in Europe. The song captured the attention of FIFA, who requested Martin to record the theme for the 1998 World Cup. This led to the single "La Copa de la Vida".Stavans llan Ilan Stavans Latin music: musicians, genres, and themes https://books.google.com/books?id=qE-LBAAAQBAJ&pg=PR18 2014 ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, California 978-0-313-34396-4 472 October 30, 2014 Ricky Martin's performance of the song at the 41st Annual Grammy Awards on February 24, 1999, was said to be a "game-changer for Latin music worldwide" according to Billboards Leila Cobo.Cobo Leila Leila Cobo Ricky Martin Comes Full Circle at the Grammys, 20 Years After His Historic Breakthrough Performance: 'We Are Here to Stay' https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/ricky-martin-grammys-20-years-cup-of-life-8497113/ Billboard June 21, 2022 February 7, 2019 June 21, 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220621173119/https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/ricky-martin-grammys-20-years-cup-of-life-8497113/ live The popularity of Martin's performance was followed by the release of his song, "Livin' la Vida Loca", became an international success, and was credited with for the starting "Latin Pop Explosion" in 1999.Summers Joshua Ricky Martin Music: Get Into the Groove With the Puerto Rican Singer's Top Songs https://www.latinpost.com/articles/155585/20220617/ricky-martin-music-puerto-rican-singer-songs.htm Latin Post June 21, 2022 June 17, 2022 June 21, 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220621172417/https://www.latinpost.com/articles/155585/20220617/ricky-martin-music-puerto-rican-singer-songs.htm live Other artists who became famous in the mid-1990s with the rhythmic take of Latin pop included Mexican singer Fey and former Timbiriche member Thalía.Thalía to Receive 'Star' Honor at Awards Billboard April 21, 2001 113 16 90 https://books.google.com/books?id=nRQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA90 October 17, 2022 0006-2510Cobo Leila Fey's New Phase Billboard September 23, 2006 118 38 67 https://books.google.com/books?id=xg0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA67 October 17, 2022 0006-2510 Around the same time, artists from Italy such as Eros Ramazzotti, Laura Pausini, and Nek successfully crossed over to the Latin music field by recording Spanish-language versions hits of their songs.Obejas Achy Achy Obejas Italian Artists Conquer Latin Music Charts https://www.chicagotribune.com/1999/04/04/italian-artists-conquer-latin-music-charts/ January 4, 2015 Chicago Tribune Tribune Company April 4, 1999 Latin rock/alternative and rock en español 300 Maná - Rock in Rio Madrid 2012 - 66.jpg Maná became the first commercially successful rock en español to cross-over the pop field due to Latin rock rhythms. Shakira2009.jpg Colombian singer Shakira became the first successful female rock en español artist to achieve popularity in Latin America. Mexican rock in the 1990s was a period of growth with several Mexican bands such Café Tacuba, El Gran Silencio, and Plastilina Mosh fusing rock music other genres such as punk and alternative as well as other Latin rhythms. According to Janet Sturman's book, The SAGE International Encyclopedia of Music and Culture (2019): "The decade resulted in such a wide variety of styles that it became complicated to categorize all of them just as rock".Sturman Janet The SAGE International Encyclopedia of Music and Culture 26 February 2019 SAGE Publications 978-1-5063-5337-1 https://books.google.com/books?id=L0OKDwAAQBAJ&dq=enrique%20iglesias%20luis%20miguel%20ballads%201990s&pg=PT2532 October 17, 2022 Maná became one of the most well-known Latin rock band internationally due to their "prosaic but remarkably popular strain of Latin-influenced rock music".Larkin Colin The Encyclopedia of Popular Music May 27, 2011 Omnibus Press 978-0-85712-595-8 https://books.google.com/books?id=_NNmFiUnSmUC&dq=mana%20%22rock%20en%20espanol%22%201990s&pg=RA2-PA2005-IA36 October 17, 2022 Elsewhere, particularly in South America, rock en español remained popular in Argentina. Fito Páez's El amor después del amor (1992) became one of the best-selling albums in Argentina having been certified diamond by CAPIF.http://www.capif.org.ar/Default.asp?PerDesde_MM=0&PerDesde_AA=0&PerHasta_MM=0&PerHasta_AA=0&interprete=&album=&LanDesde_MM=1&LanDesde_AA=1980&LanHasta_MM=12&LanHasta_AA=2010&Galardon=O&Tipo=1&ACCION2=+Buscar+&ACCION=Buscar&CO=5&CODOP=ESOP https://web.archive.org/web/20110706084844/http://www.capif.org.ar/Default.asp?PerDesde_MM=0&PerDesde_AA=0&PerHasta_MM=0&PerHasta_AA=0&interprete=&album=&LanDesde_MM=1&LanDesde_AA=1980&LanHasta_MM=12&LanHasta_AA=2010&Galardon=O&Tipo=1&ACCION2=+Buscar+&ACCION=Buscar&CO=5&CODOP=ESOP 2011-07-06 Discos de oro y platino Spanish 2013-03-08 Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas7–8 Ciudad rock en español 1995 30 es ..y el más reciente El amor después del amor (92), una de las discografías de mayor peso dentro del rock en español . Colombian rock en español bands tended to sell more outside of their native country. When Shakira released Pies Descalzos in 1995, she became the first rockera in the country to achieve success within and outside Colombia.Cepeda Maria Elena Musical ImagiNation: U.S-Colombian Identity and the Latin Music Boom January 1, 2010 NYU Press 978-0-8147-7225-6 https://books.google.com/books?id=AqVHWtc8X2cC&pg=PA69 October 17, 2022 Shakira was dubbed the "Latina Alanis Morissette" in the 1990s.Torres Richard A Pop Confection https://www.proquest.com/docview/279157689 October 17, 2022 Newsday December 20, 1998 D25 279157689 Guatemala's Ricardo Arjona became known, not only for his pop rock sound, but as well as his political and social commentaries in his albums.Hispanic Link Weekly Report 2007 Arjona sings about political and social matters with pop - rock guitars laying the background 7 25 1–35 In the late 1990s, Latin alternative bands emerged into popularity such as Aterciopelados, Gustavo Cerati, Illya Kuryaki, King Changó, and Los Amigos Invisibles.Lavin Enrique Industry Profile: Tomas Cookman CMJ New Music Report April 17, 2000 62 662 50 https://books.google.com/books?id=o7ym12bMTq4C&pg=PA50 October 17, 2022 0890-0795 Regional Mexican 300 Alejandro Fernández..jpg Vicente Fernández's son, Alejandro Fernández, became one of the new faces of the ranchera by utilizing pop-strings on mariachi records. Alicia Villarreal - Vive Grupero 2010.jpg Grupo Limite (former lead singer Alicia Villarreal pictured) continued the popularity of the grupera genre. On January 10, 1990, EMI Latin bought Bob Grever's Cara Records, beginning the golden age of Tejano music.Burr 1999 15Patoski 1996 84 Tejano music's growth exploded,Lannert Burr 1996 38, 40–46 as journalist Ramiro Burr put it as "a stubborn brushfire spread over the horizon", the genre converted radio stations into playing Tejano music.Burr 1994 30 This garnered the attention of record labels across the United States who were eager to expand their current rosters.Lannert Burr 1996 38, 40–46 In 1991, Warner Nashville created Warner Discos specifically for Tejano artists crossing over into country music while Arista Nashville erected Artista Texas with the same objective.Maciel Ortiz Herrera-Sobek 2000 23 Other labels such as PolyGram Latino and WEA Latina began deliberations on opening operations to exclusively sign Tejano acts, while Fonovisa began signing Tejano musicians.Lannert Burr 1996 38 These incentives helped expanded performers' fanbases beyond Texas and the southwest,Patoski 2020 it also brought the genre to territories unfamiliar with the genre.Burr 1994 30 The golden age is generally considered by journalists to have ended on March 31, 1995, when Selena was shot and killed.Patoski 2020Saldana 2015 Tejano music posted a five consecutive year sales and concert attendance record beginning in 1990.Burr 1999 15 Mario Tarradell of The Dallas Morning News wrote that the singles from Amor Prohibido elevated Selena to success on Latin radio whose promoters had not previously taken the singer seriously.Tarradell 1995 As a result of Selena's commercial success, female representation in Tejano music increased as record companies began investing heavily in that market, which historically had been inescapably male-dominated.San Miguel 2002 118 By 1994, Tejano acts were effortlessly selling 100,000 units of their albums, while La Mafia and Selena were the two most commercially successful Tejano artists.Burr 1994 30 Selena's music led the genre's 1990s revival and made it marketable for the first time.Untiedt 2013 127Schone 1995Shaw 2005 50San Miguel 2002 110 Tejano music is believed by Jose Behar to have hit Mexico "like an atomic bomb" by 1994.Burr 1994 30 While Tejano singer Emilio Navaira decided on a crossover into American country music, preparations began for Selena's crossover into American pop music.Burr 1999 43 The singer was fatally wounded after a confrontation with a former associate of her fan club, and boutiques.Patoski 1996 160–161 Selena's unfinished crossover album, Dreaming of You (1995), became the first mostly-Spanish album to debut and peak at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart.Lannert 1995 Tejano music suffered and its popularity waned following Selena's death, and record labels began abandoning their Tejano artists.San Miguel 2002a By the mid-1990s, Tejano music was replaced by Latin pop as the dominant Latin music genre in the United States,Patoski 2000 while radio stations in the US switched from Tejano to Regional Mexican music.San Miguel 2002a Regional Mexican music radio stations began dominating the airways in California and in Chicago. Almost half of all reporting stations in the US for Billboard magazine were from regional Mexican music stations.Lannert Burr 1996 42 By 1996, regional Mexican music genres such as banda, norteño, and ranchera, began experiencing explosive growth in the US and Mexico. Largely ignored by major record companies, regional Mexican music indie labels began joint ventures with major US and Mexican record companies interested in growing their footprint in the market. According to Camelot Music, its chain of stores saw an increase in purchases of regional Mexican music by consumers throughout the country, including in states such as Ohio and Georgia, areas where regional Mexican music traditionally was not selling. According to Henry Cardenas, a music promoter based in Chicago, the rise in popularity of regional Mexican music was the artists' flexibility and overall positive attitudes compared to their Latin pop counterparts. Latin music artists such as salsa singer Olga Tanon and Tejano artists La Mafia, Navaira, and before her death Selena, began experimenting with regional Mexican music genres in their repertoires.Lannert Burr 1996 35 As a result of an increase in immigration from Mexico into the US, DISA saw an increase of 40% year-over-year by 1998 from their regional Mexican music artists. Vicente Fernandez, who was inducted into the Billboard Latin Music Hall of Fame, filled seven stadiums to their capacity in Colombia, as well as one in Los Angeles. His son, Alejandro Fernandez scaled to the top of the Billboard album charts within a few years span, and he became the first act to simultaneously peak atop the Latin Pop Albums and Regional Mexican Albums charts with Me Estoy Enamorando (1997) and Muy Dentro de Mi Corazon (1996), respectively.Burr 1998 49 Elsewhere in Mexico, the Mexican cumbia and grupera continued to remain relevant in the Region Mexican field as they did in the 1980s, but by the late 1990s, both genres moved to a slower-paced rhythm. Grupera and Mexican cumbia artists such as Grupo Limite, Grupo Bronco, and Los Mier dominated the grupera genre in the 1990s.L'Hoeste Héctor Fernández Vila Pablo Cumbia!: Scenes of a Migrant Latin American Music Genre 29 May 2013 Duke University Press 978-0-8223-9192-0 93 https://books.google.com/books?id=vDy2AgAAQBAJ&dq=grupera%20alicia%20villareal%20%2090s&pg=PA93 21 November 2022 Tropical/salsa 300 right Marc Anthony 2009 White House.jpg Marc Anthony represented a new generation of younger salsa acts in the 1990s and would eventually the best-selling tropical/salsa artist of all-time Buena Vista Social Club ZMF 2015 IMGP9157.jpg Ry Cooder's collaboration with Buena Vista Social Club on their 1997 self-titled brought traditional Cuban music to an international audience. The salsa romántica movement, which dominated the late 1980s and continued to do so in the early 1990s.Waxer Lise Situating Salsa: Global Markets and Local Meanings in Latin Popular Music 12 November 2013 Routledge 978-1-135-72541-9 101, 103 https://books.google.com/books?id=3UUVAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22salsa%20romantica%22%201980s%201990s&pg=PA101 23 October 2022 Artists who were backing vocalists such as Jerry Rivera and Víctor Manuelle gained attention as soloists and adapted their form of Puerto Rican salsa romántica.Steward Sue Musica!: The Rhythm of Latin America - Salsa, Rumba, Merengue, and More October 1999 Chronicle Books 978-0-8118-2566-5 103 https://books.google.com/books?id=66VX3BFD-egC&dq=%22salsa%20romantica%22%20jerry%20rivera&pg=PA103 23 October 2022 Rivera's album Cuenta Conmigo (1992) became the best-selling salsa album since Siembra (1978) by Willie Colón and Rubén Blades.Valdes Fabio 'Cara de Nino' en Concierto de Amor https://www.proquest.com/docview/368395873 23 October 2022 El Diario La Prensa 9 February 1994 38 368395873 es Estos hechos hizo de 'Cuenta Conmigo' el disco de salsa de más venta desde el legendario 'Siembra:' de Willie Colón y Rubén Blades, manteniéndose en el primer lugar de los rankings de ventas de la mundialmente famosa revista Bilboard por más de tres meses. The New York style of salsa music, which was dormant in the 1980s due to the decline of Fania Records' popularity, saw a revival in the 1990s. Having founded the self-titled RMM in 1987, Ralph Mercado recruited Sergio George. Mercado, who had established himself a business promoter for salsa music, had recruited many salsa veterans from the Fania Records-era to his label including Celia Cruz, Tito Puente, and Oscar D'Leon.Remeseira Claudio Iván Hispanic New York: A Sourcebook 2010 Columbia University Press 978-0-231-14819-1 387 https://books.google.com/books?id=Wo4sOpOV68wC&dq=%22ralph%20mercado%22%20%22celia%20cruz%22%20puente&pg=PA387 23 October 2022 Newer salsa acts such as such as Marc Anthony and La India worked with George to fuse salsa with the sounds of R&B, soul, and hip hop.Jong Nanette de The Cambridge Companion to Caribbean Music 4 August 2022 Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42192-8 43 https://books.google.com/books?id=S0t6EAAAQBAJ&q=%22sergio+george%22+%22marc+anthony%22+india+salsa+%22r&pg=PA43 23 October 2022 Anthony would later become the best-selling tropical/salsa artist of all time.Latimer Brian Marc Anthony Just Beat a Guinness World Record https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/marc-anthony-just-beat-guinness-world-record-n513961 NBC News 23 October 2022 February 9, 2016 George further experimented with salsa and hip hip and formed Dark Latin Groove with frontman Huey Dunbar.Bush John DLG (Dark Latin Groove) Biography & History https://www.allmusic.com/artist/dlg-dark-latin-groove-mn0000953873/biography AllMusic May 1, 2021 May 1, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210501005836/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/dlg-dark-latin-groove-mn0000953873/biography live The Dominican Republic merengue also continued rival salsa in popularity.Rodriguez Nelson A look at contemporary Merengue Latin Beat Magazine September 1, 1998 https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-21139246.html May 18, 2017 usurped HighBeam Research subscription https://web.archive.org/web/20171230114611/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-21139246.html December 30, 2017 Wilfrido Vargas and Johnny Ventura were attributed to its success and began being accepted in Puerto Rico. However, due to the boycott of merengue orchestras by the Federation of Puerto Rican music in the island, several Puerto Rican merengue acts began to emerge.Sellers Julie A. Merengue and Dominican Identity: Music as National Unifier 1 October 2004 McFarland 978-0-7864-1815-2 168 https://books.google.com/books?id=37lhELyHYCIC&dq=%22wilfrido%20vargas%22%20%22puerto%20rico%22%20merengue&pg=PA168 23 October 2022 These included Grupo Manía, Los Sabrosos del Merengue, and Limi-T 21.El merengue en la cultura dominicana y del Caribe : memorias del Primer Congreso Internacional "Música, Identidad y Cultura en el Caribe" 2006 Centro Leon Santiago de los Caballeros 9789945851977 222 En la década de 1990, la mejor época para el merengue en función de la difusión en Puerto Rico, acapararon la atención de los medios grupos puertorriqueños como : Los Sabrosos del merengue, Grupo Manía, Límite 21... Former Grupo Manía member Elvis Crespo's song "Suavemente" became an international success and pushed the genre's popularity outside of Latin America. In the early-to-mid 1990s, Dominicans living in New York City fused the sounds of merengue and hip hop to create merenhouse. Proyecto Uno's "Tiburón" became the most well-known song in the merenrap field. As with Puerto Rico, Venezuelan adopted their form of merengue called technomerengue. The trend started in the late 1980s and continued in the early 1990s with acts as Los Fantasmas del Cariba, Karolina, and Los Melodicos.Cheky A Look Back at Tecnomerengue, the Kitschy 80s Genre Played at Every Venezuelan Birthday https://remezcla.com/lists/music/a-look-back-at-tecnomerengue/ Remezcla 24 October 2022 21 September 2016 Also from the Dominican Republic is bachata. This was generally regarded as lower-class music in the Dominican Republic and was ignored by the media. When Dominican Republic singer-songwriter Juan Luis Guerra released Bachata Rosa in 1990, led bachata to become a mainstream genre in the country.https://books.google.com/books?id=zNcJkzg1OuQC&q=%22bachata+rosa%22&pg=PA90 Oye como va!: hybridity and identity in Latino popular music Hernandez Deborah 40 Temple University Press 2009 Philadelphia, US 978-1-4399-0090-1 November 8, 2020 October 30, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20211030003648/https://books.google.com/books?id=zNcJkzg1OuQC&q=%22bachata+rosa%22&pg=PA90 live After Bachata Rosa, many other Dominican Republic artists have been recognized as important to the growth of the genre in the 1990s including Luis Vargas, Antony Santos, Raulín Rodríguez, and Elvis Martínez.Rojas Eunice https://books.google.com/books?id=7WmjAQAAQBAJ&dq=juan+luis+guerra+Bachata+Rosa+song&pg=PA382 Sounds of Resistance: The Role of Music in Multicultural Activism [2 volumes]: The Role of Music in Multicultural Activism Michie Lindsay October 8, 2013 ABC-CLIO 978-0-313-39806-3 en Cuban music saw of resurgence of popularity in the decade. In 1993, Gloria Estefan (whose Miami Sound Machine band had popularized Latin pop sound to the Anglo market in the 1980s) released Mi Tierra, her first album in Spanish. The record draws from the music of Cuban during the 1940s and 1950s including son and boleros and sold over a million copies in the United States alone.Cobo Leila What's Old is New Billboard 28 July 2007 119 30 22 https://books.google.com/books?id=cg8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA22 23 October 2022 0006-2510 Four years later, American musician Ry Cooder collaborated with Cuban musical group Buena Vista Social Club to release their self-titled album. Despite the lack of promotion on radio stations the musicians being elderly, and the music in Spanish, the album found international success and sold over 12 million copies.Cobo Leila 'I Knew We Were Doing Something Important': Buena Vista Social Club Remembered, 25 Years Later https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/buena-vista-social-club-album-oral-history-9646459/ Billboard 24 October 2022 18 October 2021 In a similar vein to Miguel's Romance, in 1993 Colombian singer Carlos Vives released Clásicos de la Provincia, a collection of classic vallenatos. The record exposed the genre to a wider audience outside of its native country as Vives gave the tracks an updated take.Broughton Simon Ellingham Mark Trillo Richard Duane Orla McConnachie James World Music: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific 2000 Rough Guides 978-1-85828-636-5 376–377 https://books.google.com/books?id=QzX8THIgRjUC&pg=PA377 24 October 2022 The cumbia villera developed in the slums of Argentina in the mid-1990s. Although cumbia always had a following in the country, utilized keyboards and electric drums with the lyrics emphasizing on drugs, crime, and provocative sexual content. Rap en español 250 right Vico C (left) and El General (right) were early pioneers of Latin hip hop. Vico - C en Puerto Rico (cropped).jpg El general 1993 2.png The success of hip hop in the Western world resonated with the poor working class of Latin America, especially within the Afro-Latino community. Artists such as Vico C and El General experimented the sounds of hip hop with the sounds of Latin America. This would later give birth a new genre known as reggaeton which became prevalent in the 2000s.Lechner Ernesto Rock en Español: The Latin Alternative Rock Explosion 2006 Chicago Review Press 978-1-55652-603-9 233 https://books.google.com/books?id=_dq1QsX5MccC&pg=PA233 6 November 2022 Brazilian/Portuguese 250 right Daniela Mercury - Claridália 9.jpg Daniela Mercury bought the axé music to a wider audience outside of the Afro-Brazilian circle 00 sopracontrariar bsb.jpg Só Pra Contrariar was one of the most successful bands of the 1990s in Brazil. A new form of Afro-Brazilian music, known as axé, from the Bahía region, began to emerge in the late 1980s and continued into the early 1990s. Daniela Mercury, a white Bahian singer, expanded the genre's popularity outside of the Afro-Brazilian community.Torres George Encyclopedia of Latin American Popular Music 27 March 2013 ABC-CLIO 978-0-313-08794-3 16 https://books.google.com/books?id=MX5BXxjwV9cC&pg=PA16 6 November 2022 A form of samba music known as pagode was also very commercially success in the country during the 1990s with bands such as Só Pra Contrariar.Galinsky Philip Maracatu Atomico: Tradition, Modernity, and Postmodernity in the Mangue Movement of Recife, Brazil 16 December 2013 Routledge 978-1-136-71721-5 186 https://books.google.com/books?id=G0hdAgAAQBAJ&dq=pagode%201990s&pg=PA186 en See also Latin music 1990s 1990s in music References Works cited Burr Ramiro Tejano Billboard April 23, 1994 106 17 30, 32, 34 https://books.google.com/books?id=RQgEAAAAMBAJ February 18, 2021 Burr Ramiro Hats Off to the Music of Regional Mexican July 25, 1998 Billboard https://books.google.com/books?id=9gkEAAAAMBAJ November 20, 2022 Burr Ramiro The Billboard Guide to Tejano and Regional Mexican Music 1999 Billboard books 0-8230-7691-1 registration https://archive.org/details/billboardguideto00burr Lannert John Selena's Dreaming of You is Bittersweet Hit for Late EMI Star Billboard August 5, 1995 107 31 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=xwsEAAAAMBAJ May 28, 2022 Lannert Burr John Ramiro Regional Mexican Music Billboard August 17, 1996 108 33 https://books.google.com/books?id=wQcEAAAAMBAJ February 18, 2021 Maciel Ortiz Herrera-Sobek David Isidro D. Mar'a Chicano renaissance : contemporary cultural trends 2000 University of Arizona Press Tucson 0816520216 330 Patoski Joe Nick Selena: Como La Flor 1996 Little Brown and Company Boston 0-316-69378-2 https://archive.org/details/selenacomolaflor00pato_0 Patoski Joe Nick Tuned Out Texas Monthly May 2000 http://www.texasmonthly.com/content/tuned-out March 9, 2015 Patoski Joe Nick A Timeline of Tejano Music https://www.cowboysindians.com/2020/03/timeline-of-tejano-music/ February 17, 2021 Cowboys & Indians March 23, 2020 Saldana Hector Tejano music enjoyed a decade-long golden age https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/Tejano-music-enjoyed-a-decade-long-golden-age-6447952.php February 17, 2021 My San Antonio August 16, 2015 San Miguel Guadalupe Tejano Proud 2002 Texas A&M University Press 1585441880 192 San Miguel Guadalupe When Tejano Ruled The Airways: The Rise and Fall of KQQK in Houston, Texas NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings 13 2002a PDF http://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1029&context=naccs SJSU ScholarWorks Western Association of Schools and Colleges March 9, 2015 Schone Mark April 20, 1995 A Postmortem Star in death, Selena is a crossover success Newsday https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/20467875.html?dids=20467875:20467875&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+20%2C+1995&author=By+Mark+Schone.+Mark+Schone+is+a+free-lance+writer.&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=A+Postmortem+Star+In+death%2C+Selena+is+a+crossover+success&pqatl=google https://archive.today/20130131162319/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/20467875.html?dids=20467875:20467875&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+20,+1995&author=By+Mark+Schone.+Mark+Schone+is+a+free-lance+writer.&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=A+Postmortem+Star+In+death,+Selena+is+a+crossover+success&pqatl=google dead January 31, 2013 November 4, 2011 Shaw Lisa Pop Culture Latin America!: Media, Arts, and Lifestyle 2005 ABC-CLIO 1-85109-504-7 Tarradell Mario Singer soared beyond traditional limits on Tejano music http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=DM&p_theme=dm&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0ED3D5B623415D08&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM November 24, 2011 The Dallas Morning News April 1, 1995 subscription Untiedt Kenneth L. Cowboys, Cops, Killers, and Ghosts: Legends and Lore in Texas 2013 University of North Texas Press 978-1-57441-532-2 Category:1990s in music