1994 Hungarian parliamentary election

none 1994 Hungarian parliamentary election Hungary parliamentary no 1990 Hungarian parliamentary election 1990 1998 Hungarian parliamentary election 1998 All 386 seats to the National Assembly 194 8 May 1994 (first round)29 May 1994 (second round) 68.92% (first round)55.12% (second round) 1R vote First round in the single-member constituencies and % 2R vote Second round in the single-member constituencies and % Party vote % and swing Gyula Horn at the award ceremony of the Charlemagne Prize.jpg (cropped).jpg Gyula Horn Hungarian Socialist Party 27 May 1990 33 seats, 10.89% 209 176 1,688,835 (31.3%) 1,943,757 (45.3%) 1,781,504 32.99% 22.10 pp GaborKuncze (cropped).jpg Gábor Kuncze Alliance of Free Democrats Kuncze was lead candidate for SZDSZ, but was not party leader. 94 seats, 21.40% 70 24Including 1 deputy who elected as Agrarian Alliance candidate, but joined to the SZDSZ parliamentary group before the assembly session opened. 1,005,658 (18.6%) 1,221,069 (28.5%) 1,065,889 19.74% 1.66 pp Boross Péter 2020 (cropped).png Péter Boross Hungarian Democratic Forum 12 December 1993Boross had been Prime Minister since 12 December 1993, but was not party leader. 164 seats, 24.73% 38 126 649,872 (12.0%) 639,866 (14.9%) 633,770 11.74% 12.99 pp Torgyán 1990 (cropped).jpg József Torgyán Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party 26 April 1991 44 seats, 11.73% 26 18 425,346 (7.9%) 252,405 (5.9%) 476,272 8.82% 2.91 pp László Surján (cropped).jpg László Surján Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary) 27 May 1990 21 seats, 6.46% 22 1 397,873 (7.4%) 126,616 (3.0%) 379,523 7.03% 0.57 pp Szárszói találkozó 1993 Fodor Gábor Orbán Viktor (cropped).jpg Viktor Orbán Fidesz 18 April 1993 22 seats, 8.95% 20 2 416,116 (7.7%) 29,391 (0.7%) 379,344 7.02% 1.93 pp 1994 Hungarian parliamentary election - Vote Strength.svg 350px Results of the election. A darker shade indicates a higher vote share. Proportional list results are displayed in the top left. Government Government after election Boross Government MDF–EKGP–KDNP Horn Government MSZP–SZDSZ Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 8 May 1994, with a second round of voting in 174 of the 176 single member constituencies on 29 May.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p899 978-3-8329-5609-7Fitzmaurice John 1995 The Hungarian election of May 1994 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-3794(95)95772-3 Electoral Studies 14 1 77–80 10.1016/0261-3794(95)95772-3 0261-3794 subscription Nohlen & Stöver, p925 They resulted in the return to power of the Hungarian Socialist Party, the former Communist party, under the leadership of Gyula Horn, who became prime minister. The Socialists achieved a remarkable revival, winning an overall majority of 209 seats out of 386, up from 33 in 1990. The governing Hungarian Democratic Forum was severely defeated, falling from 165 seats to 38 for third place. It was also a disappointment for the principal opposition party of the previous parliament, the Alliance of Free Democrats, which failed to capitalize on the government's unpopularity and lost seats. Poor economic performance, apparent government incompetence and a certain nostalgia for the social security of the communist era appear to be the main reasons for the result, together with significant reform of the Socialists' policies, with commitment to the expansion for the market economy and continued compensation for the victims of communism. With a majority of 15, the Socialists had enough seats to govern alone. Despite this, Horn decided to form a coalition with the Free Democrats, giving him a two-thirds majority. This was partly to assuage public concerns inside and outside Hungary over an ex-Communist party with an absolute majority, and partly to get his reform package past his own party's left wing. Electoral system The unicameral National Assembly (Országgyűlés), the highest organ of state authority, initiates and approves legislation sponsored by the prime minister. A party had to win at least 5% of the national vote (based on the total of regional list votes) to form a parliamentary faction. The National Assembly had 386 members, elected for a four-year term in a mixed system: 176 members in single-seat constituencies by a modified two-round system, 152 in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation (using territorial lists) and 58 members (using a national list) to realize semi-proportional representation. Results File:Hungarian parliamentary election, 1994.svg Proportional SMCs (first round) SMCs (second round) National Total +/– Hungarian Socialist Party 1781504 53 1688835 2 1943757 147 7 209 +176 Alliance of Free Democrats 1065889 28 1005658 0 1221069 16 25 69 –25 Hungarian Democratic Forum 633770 18 649872 0 639866 5 15 38 –126 Independent Smallholders' Party 476272 14 425346 0 252405 1 11 26 –18 Christian Democratic People's Party 379523 5 397873 0 126616 3 14 22 +1 Fidesz 379344 7 416116 0 29391 0 13 20 –2 Workers' Party 172109 0 177416 0 6268 0 0 0 0 Republican Party 137561 0 104253 0 9774 0 0 0 New Agrarian Alliance 113384 0 132173 0 14544 1 0 1 –1 Hungarian Justice and Life Party 85737 0 67162 0 0 0 New Social Democratic Party of Hungary 51110 0 32912 0 0 0 0 United Smallholders' Party 44292 0 43186 0 0 0 New #808000 Liberal Civic Alliance–Entrepreneurs Party 33367 0 42951 0 0 0 New National Democratic Alliance 28075 0 32258 0 0 0 New #007BA7 Green Party of Hungary 8809 0 4766 0 0 0 0 Compromise Independent Smallholders' Party 5918 0 4386 0 0 0 New #808000 Conservative Party 2046 0 5240 0 0 0 New #D8B2D1 Green Alternative 849 0 2638 0 0 0 New Market Party 635 0 5459 0 0 0 New ASZ–SZDSZ 9280 0 9613 0 0 0 – VP–ASZ–SZDSZ–Fidesz 6440 0 7666 1 0 1 – SZDSZ–KP 4664 0 5494 0 0 0 – Gypsy Solidarity Party 3282 0 0 0 New #826644 Independent Hungarian Democratic Party 2366 0 0 0 0 Democratic Coalition Party 2117 0 0 0 New #FA8072 National Alliance of Hungarian Families 2005 0 0 0 New Historic Independent Smallholders' Party 1792 0 0 0 New #808000 VP–Fidesz 1347 0 0 0 – Pensioners' Party 1245 0 0 0 0 Social Democratic Party 1197 0 0 0 New Democratic Party 1150 0 0 0 New EKGP–KDNP 840 0 0 0 – #808000 Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party 704 0 0 0 New Party of the Hungarian Interest 416 0 0 0 New Union of Hungarian Biomedicists 334 0 0 0 New Hungarian Mothers' National Party 265 0 0 0 New #FF91AF Electoral Coalition for the Hungarians 211 0 0 0 New purple Party for Historic Hungary 203 0 0 0 New #FF8C00 Hungarian Party of the Unemployed 190 0 0 0 New #C19A6B National Forces' Movement 188 0 0 0 New Independents 122190 0 20134 0 0 0 –6 85344 84692 53299 0 7959228 7959206 7873937 CLEA, Nohlen & Stöver Party list results by county Countyhttps://valtor.valasztas.hu/valtort/jsp/mkiv.jsp?EA=7&URL=8 1994. évi országgyűlési választás 1. forduló – Területi választókerületek listák eredményei 2023-09-07 2023-09-07 https://web.archive.org/web/20230907232008/https://valtor.valasztas.hu/valtort/jsp/mkiv.jsp?EA=7&URL=8 live MSZP SZDSZ MDF FKGP KDNP Fidesz MP KP ASZ MIÉP Others Bács-Kiskun26.70 18.07 12.82 12.36 7.63 6.57 3.00 1.87 3.38 1.60 6.00 Baranya32.09 21.75 10.87 8.48 6.30 6.60 3.13 3.35 2.31 1.51 3.62 Békés31.93 19.35 9.75 12.40 3.97 5.99 5.46 3.32 2.07 - 5.77 Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén40.12 16.26 9.60 6.93 8.89 6.95 4.31 1.79 2.14 - 3.00 Budapest35.15 20.77 14.94 4.60 5.61 6.15 2.64 4.78 1.76 3.58 - Csongrád26.88 20.64 10.64 11.38 7.20 6.92 3.47 2.64 2.87 2.02 5.35 Fejér33.37 19.52 9.85 10.42 5.62 10.01 2.63 2.88 2.03 1.59 2.08 Győr-Moson-Sopron26.75 22.21 12.68 10.89 8.18 8.11 1.93 2.68 1.62 - 4.95 Hajdú-Bihar35.47 17.49 10.49 9.91 4.77 8.04 2.46 1.59 2.44 2.29 5.04 Heves34.61 20.84 9.68 7.45 8.76 5.63 4.71 1.35 1.73 1.44 3.81 Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok34.97 19.39 9.57 10.27 5.12 7.41 4.74 1.63 2.02 - 4.88 Komárom-Esztergom38.72 22.89 8.64 8.37 6.42 6.36 3.39 - 1.69 - 3.52 Nógrád34.79 16.61 10.47 6.23 10.73 6.50 10.60 - 1.69 - 2.39 Pest29.88 20.69 12.00 9.62 7.70 7.01 2.19 3.19 1.66 2.49 3.57 Somogy40.60 15.42 9.03 12.37 6.49 7.42 1.86 1.25 2.24 1.52 1.79 Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg32.64 16.25 12.00 8.79 7.84 7.61 3.54 1.58 1.93 1.72 6.09 Tolna31.25 18.07 10.65 8.25 8.88 7.92 2.59 2.04 4.18 2.09 4.09 Vas25.83 25.63 12.31 11.32 10.54 6.99 2.15 1.44 2.60 - 1.19 Veszprém29.00 22.31 12.23 10.44 7.74 8.04 2.10 1.26 1.94 - 4.95 Zala29.37 18.87 12.35 13.91 9.81 7.66 2.13 - 2.06 - 3.84 Total32.99 19.73 11.73 8.82 7.03 7.01 3.18 2.53 2.10 1.58 3.25 Notes References Category:Parliamentary elections in Hungary Hungary Parliamentary