1990 Malaysian general election

none July 2016 July 2026 Malaysia parliamentary 1986 Malaysian general election 1986 Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 7th Malaysian Parliament 1995 Malaysian general election 1995 All 180 seats in the Dewan Rakyat Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 8th Malaysian Parliament 91 7,958,640 20–21 October 1990 130x130px Mahathir bin Mohamad in Brussels - 1988 (P0018020110H) (cropped 2).jpg Mahathir Mohamad 000080 UMNO Barisan Nasional 57.28%, 148 seats 127 21 2,985,392 53.38% 3.90pp Lim Kit Siang cropped (cropped, 1.5 to 4, left panel).jpg 49 0 0 0 0 Penampang Sabah Joseph-Pairin-Kitingan-02 (cropped, 1.5 to 4, right panel).jpg 49 0 0 0 0 Lim Kit Siang & Joseph Pairin Kitingan DAP & USP Gagasan Rakyat ADD8E6 22.69%, 34 seats 34 4 1,113,488 19.91% 2.78pp Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah S46 Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah FFFF00 15.50, 1 seatMalaysian Islamic Party 15 14 1,218,211 21.78% 6.28pp Prime Minister Prime Minister-designate Mahathir Mohamad Barisan Nasional Mahathir Mohamad Barisan Nasional General elections were held in Malaysia on 20 and 21 October 1990. Voting took place in all 180 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p152 0-19-924959-8 State elections also took place in 351 state constituencies in 11 (out of 13, except Sabah and Sarawak) states of Malaysia on the same day. The result was a victory for the Barisan Nasional (BN) at the federal level and state except state of Kelantan with opposition alliance Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU) winning all 39 state assembly seats with 24 seats going to PAS and 15 for Semangat 46.Democracy in Malaysia: Discourses and Practices Francis Kok-Wah Loh Francis Loh Kok Wah Boo Teik Khoo Khoo Boo Teik Routledge 2002 0-7007-1161-9 95 Background The elections marked the first after United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) party split. The reconstituted UMNO Baru (New UMNO), led by incumbent Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, and the newly formed Semangat 46 (S46), led by Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah, contested for the first time in the elections. It also marked the first time in country general election history when a credible, multi-ethnic coalition have been formed the challenge the dominance of Barisan Nasional. This also lead the country political scene from a dominant party system into two party system.Khong, (1991) Malaysia's General Election 1990: Continuity, Change, and Ethnic Politics, p1 981-3035-77-3 The Muslim opposition parties, Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Semangat 46, Barisan Jemaah Islamiah Se-Malaysia (BERJASA) and Parti Hizbul Muslimin Malaysia (HAMIM) teamed up to form the Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU). On the other hand, Semangat 46, Democratic Action Party (DAP) and Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS), which withdrew from the Barisan Nasional (BN) at the eleventh hour of the general election, teamed up as Gagasan Rakyat. However, these two opposition alliances cooperated in the election but not openly due to the sensitivity of the secular DAP and the Islamic PAS working together. Results At the federal level, the BN coalition under the leadership of incumbent Mahathir won 127 of the 180 parliament seats to form the federal government. File:Malaysia Dewan Rakyat 1990.svg Barisan Nasional 10 United Malays National Organisation 1699949 71 –12 Malaysian Chinese Association 680045 18 +1 Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu 101061 10 +2 Malaysian Indian Congress 114756 6 0 United Sabah National Organisation 50235 6 +1 Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 178305 5 0 Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak 22590 4 –1 Sarawak United Peoples' Party 102687 4 0 Sarawak National Party 35754 3 –1 2985382 127 –21 Semangat 46 825215 8 New AngkatanPerpaduan Ummah 3 HAMIM 8619 -1 Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 375869 7 +6 1218211 7 New Gagasan Rakyat 5 Democratic Action Party 960841 20 –4 United Sabah Party 128260 14 +4 Parti Rakyat Malaysia 56462 0 0 AMIPF 32895 New 1050198 34 New Sarawak Malaysian People's Association 27618 0 New People's Justice Front 12655 0 New Sarawak United Labour Party 162 0 0 Independents 179239 4 0 190198 +3 7924178 Nohlen et al., CLEA, IPU, Tindak Malaysia Github Total registered voters above refer to total electorate of constituencies. Total electorate of Malaysia including two uncontested constituencies is 7958640.HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS/1990-ELECTION-RESULTS/MALAYSIA_1990_PARLIAMENT_RESULTS.csv at main · TindakMalaysia/HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS https://github.com/TindakMalaysia/HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS/blob/main/1990-ELECTION-RESULTS/MALAYSIA_1990_PARLIAMENT_RESULTS.csv 2025-11-10 GitHub en AMIPF candidates contested under DAP banner with the exception of AMIPF candidate of Kuala Selangor (who contested under S46).TindakMalaysia HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS/1990-ELECTION-RESULTS/METADATA/MALAYSIA_1990_PARLIAMENT_RESULTS_METADATA.csv at main · TindakMalaysia/HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS https://github.com/TindakMalaysia/HISTORICAL-ELECTION-RESULTS/blob/main/1990-ELECTION-RESULTS/METADATA/MALAYSIA_1990_PARLIAMENT_RESULTS_METADATA.csv 2025-11-10 GitHub en HAMIM candidate contested under S46 banner. Semangat 46 is part of Gagasan Rakyat and Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah. Hence, for the table above, it is kept as a separate party. Rejected Votes is 158498 and Unreturned Ballots is 31700 For the section below, invalid/blank votes includes the count of unreturned ballots. Detailed breakdown is provided under each state section. By state Johor Barisan Nasional 4 United Malays National Organisation 288587 12 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 118197 5 0 Malaysian Indian Congress 20070 1 0 426854 18 0 Semangat 46 142227 0 New Democratic Action Party 104840 0 0 Parti Rakyat Malaysia 17583 0 0 Independents 2707 0 0 28382 0 972171 Tindak Malaysia Github Rejected Votes is 26670 and Unreturned ballots is 1712 Kedah Barisan Nasional 3 United Malays National Organisation 258834 12 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 41871 2 0 300705 14 0 Semangat 46 90388 0 New Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 76936 0 0 Democratic Action Party 5360 0 0 HAMIM 8619 0 Independents 537 0 0 16130 0 657322 Tindak Malaysia Github HAMIM contested under the S46 Banner Rejected votes is 14838 and Unreturned ballots is 1292 Kelantan Semangat 46 140281 7 New Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 134279 0 -11 Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 133251 6 +5 Independents 2465 0 0 11486 0 536020 Tindak Malaysia Github Rejected votes is 10173 and Unreturned ballots is 1313 Kuala Lumpur Barisan Nasional 4 United Malays National Organisation 52822 2 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 64255 0 0 Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 36646 1 0 153723 3 0 Democratic Action Party 141724 4 0 Semangat 46 33417 0 New Parti Rakyat Malaysia 25259 0 Independents 2432 0 0 8954 0 527834 Tindak Malaysia Github Rejected votes is 4215 and Unreturned Ballots is 4739 Labuan Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 7130 1 +1 Independents 4816 0 –1 543 0 16388 Tindak Malaysia Github Rejected votes is 165 and Unreturned Ballots is 378 Malacca Barisan Nasional 3 United Malays National Organisation 81588 3 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 41946 1 0 120233 4 0 Semangat 46 40326 0 New Democratic Action Party 33993 1 0 Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 4019 0 0 6667 0 265059 Tindak Malaysia Githb Rejected votes is 6284 and Unreturned Ballots is 383 Negeri Sembilan Barisan Nasional 4 United Malays National Organisation 77005 4 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 52746 2 +2 Malaysian Indian Congress 22367 1 0 152118 7 +2 Democratic Action Party 49633 0 -2 Semangat 46 41857 0 New AMIPF 8888 0 New 10509 0 345468 Tindak Malaysia Github AMIPF candidate for Negeri Sembilan contested using DAP ticket Rejected Votes is 7935 and Unreturned Ballots is 2574 Pahang Barisan Nasional 3 United Malays National Organisation 145611 7 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 57893 3 0 203504 10 0 Semangat 46 66337 0 New Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 29960 0 0 Democratic Action Party 23030 0 0 13824 0 452997 Tindak Malaysia Github Rejected votes is 11627 and Unreturned Ballots is 2197 Penang Barisan Nasional 4 United Malays National Organisation 85315 4 0 Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 87998 1 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 40219 0 0 213532 5 0 Democratic Action Party 170053 6 0 Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 14322 0 0 Parti Rakyat Malaysia 13620 0 0 Semangat 46 7174 0 New 11239 0 559223 Tindak Malaysia Github Rejected votes is 9371 and Unreturned Ballots is 1868 Perak Barisan Nasional 5 United Malays National Organisation 190012 11 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 118513 3 0 Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 53661 3 0 Malaysian Indian Congress 29442 2 0 391628 19 0 Democratic Action Party 170648 4 0 Semangat 46 82971 0 0 Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 33955 0 0 All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front 15499 New Independents 2516 0 0 28613 0 1031380 Tindak Malaysia Github AMIPF candidate contested under DAP banner Rejected votes is 22514 and Unreturned Votes is 6099 Perlis Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 47767 2 0 Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 13154 0 0 Semangat 46 12056 0 New 3370 0 99097 Tindak Malaysia Github Rejected Votes is 2544 and Unreturned Votes is 826 Sabah United Sabah Party 128260 14 +4 Barisan Nasional United Sabah National Organisation 50235 6 +1 Democratic Action Party 28547 0 –4 People's Justice Front 12655 0 New Independents 80874 0 –1 8240 0 523995 Tindak Malaysia Github The registered voter turnout refers to total electorate of contested constituencies. Total Electorate of Sabah including one uncontested constituency (Keningau) is 543612. Rejected Votes is 6527 and Unreturned Ballots is 1713 Sarawak Barisan Nasional 5 Sarawak United Peoples' Party 102687 4 0 Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu 101061 10 +2 Sarawak National Party 35754 3 -2 Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak 22590 4 0 262092 21 0 Democratic Action Party 87017 2 +1 Sarawak Malaysian People's Association 27618 0 0 Sarawak United Labour Party 162 0 0 Independents 82327 4 +2 11325 +3 688216 Tindak Malaysia Github The registered voter turnout refers to total electorate of contested constituencies. Total electorate of Sarawak including one uncontested constituency (Lubok Antu) is 703061. Selangor Barisan Nasional 4 United Malays National Organisation 189438 7 0 Malaysian Chinese Association 147706 2 -1 Malaysian Indian Congress 42877 2 0 380021 11 -1 Democratic Action Party 145996 3 +1 Semangat 46 106175 0 New Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 12358 0 0 All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front 8508 0 New 23007 0 922615 Tindak Malaysia Github AMIPF contested under S46 Banner Rejected votes is 21001 and Unreturned ballots is 2006 Terengganu Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 141561 6 -2 Semangat 46 62006 1 New Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 57488 1 +1 Independents 565 0 0 7909 0 326393 Tindak Malaysia Github Rejected votes is 7063 and Unreturned ballot is 846 See also Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 8th Malaysian Parliament 1990 Malaysian state elections First premiership of Mahathir Mohamad Notes References Arah Aliran Malaysia: Penilaian Pilihan Raya satu himpunan kerta kertas 62-halaman daripada Institut Penyelidikan Asia Tenggara selepas pilihan raya 1999. Category:General elections in Malaysia Malaysia General election Malaysia