1994 Dutch general election

none 1994 Dutch general election Netherlands 1989 1998 All 150 seats in the House of Representatives 76 3 May 1994 78.8% ( 1.5 pp) Wim Kok Labour Party (Netherlands) 49 37 24.0% Elco Brinkman Christian Democratic Appeal 54 34 22.2% Frits Bolkestein People's Party for Freedom and Democracy 22 31 20.0% Hans van Mierlo Democrats 66 12 24 15.5% Jet Nijpels General Elderly Alliance new 6 3.6% Ina Brouwer • Mohamed Rabbae GreenLeft 6 5 3.5% Hans Janmaat Centre Democrats (Netherlands) 1 3 2.5% Leen van Dijke Reformatory Political Federation 1 3 1.8% Bas van der Vlies Reformed Political Party 3 2 1.7% Gert Schutte Reformed Political League 2 2 1.3% Jan Marijnissen Socialist Party (Netherlands) 0 2 1.3% Bertus Leerkes Union 55+ 0 1 0.9% Tweede Kamerverkiezingen 1994.png Most voted-for party by municipality Cabinet Third Lubbers cabinet CDA–PvdA First Kok cabinet PvdA–VVD–D66 General elections were held in the Netherlands on 3 May 1994.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1396 978-3-8329-5609-7 The Labour Party emerged as the largest party, winning 37 of the 150 seats in the House of Representatives.Nohlen & Stöver, p1414 The election resulted in significant losses for both the Labour Party and the Christian Democratic Appeal. The two liberal parties, People's Party for Freedom and Democracy and Democrats 66 made large gains, whilst two pro-elderly parties and the Socialist Party all passed the electoral threshold to win seats. The formation of a government coalition was arduous but after four months the First Kok cabinet was formed. It was an unprecedented coalition of the two liberal parties and Labour. The CDA was consigned to opposition for the first time in its history. It was also the first government since 1918 not to include a Christian Democratic party.Stathis Kalyvas Kees van Kersbergen Stathis Kalyvas Christian Democracy Annual Review of Political Science 2010 13 183-209 10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.021406.172506194 Background Before the 1994 general election opinion polls predicted that the Centre Democrats party could win more than five seats in the House of Representatives. However, media reports claiming that some newly elected local members had extremist pasts damaged the Centre Democrats' prospects. A secret recording broadcast on national television one week before the election showed an Amsterdam council member bragging about having set immigrant centers on fire in the early 1980s. In the election that followed, the Centre Democrats won 2.5% of the vote and three seats in the House of Representatives (Janmaat was joined by Wil Schuurman and Cor Zonneveld),http://historiek.net/algemeen/hans-janmaat-1934-2002-0214 Historiek.net Hans Janmaat (1934–2002) 17 January 2008 28 December 2010 DutchAugust 2026 InternetArchiveBot well below earlier expectations. Janmaat claimed that the relatively poor result was a result of an anti-CD campaign in the media.Mudde, 2003, p. 125. Due to its growth, and questions arising amongst the other parties over the development of a multicultural society, political opponents began to confront the Centre Democrats directly rather than maintain a strict cordon sanitaire around it. http://www.inghist.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/BWN/lemmata/bwn6/janmaat Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland Dutch Janmaat, Hans 21 March 2011 Carla Hoetink 25 August 2008Lucardie, 1998, p. 121. Results File:1994 Dutch General Election.svg Labour Party 2153135 37 –12 Christian Democratic Appeal 1996418 34 –20 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy 1792401 31 +9 Democrats 66 1391202 24 +12 General Elderly Alliance 326401 6 New GroenLinks 311399 5 –1 Centre Democrats 220734 3 +2 Reformatory Political Federation 158705 3 +2 Reformed Political Party 155251 2 –1 Reformed Political League 119158 2 0 Socialist Party 118768 2 +2 Union 55+ 78147 1 New Centre Party '86 32327 0 New Natural Law Party 27665 0 New Free Indian Party nl Vrije Indische Partij 17230 0 New The Greens 13902 0 0 New Communist Party of the Netherlands 11630 0 New Solidarity Farmers' Party 9096 0 New Party for Environment and Justice nl Partij voor Milieu en Recht 8716 0 New Solidarity '93 7919 0 New Pacifist Socialist Party '92 7385 0 New New Party (Netherlands) nl De Nieuwe Partij New Party 6825 0 New General Democratic Party 5196 0 New Patriotic Democratic Appeal 4845 0 New Socialist Alternative Politics 4347 0 0 Libertarian Party 2754 0 New 39727 0 11455924 Kiesraad By province + Results by provincehttps://www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl/verkiezingen/detail/TK19940503 Tweede Kamer 3 mei 1994 Kiesraad Dutch 4 November 2021 Province PvdA CDA VVD D66 AOV GL CD RPF SGP GPV SP U55+ Others Drenthe34.5 19.8 18.2 13.9 2.1 2.5 1.2 1.7 0.2 2.4 1.0 0.6 1.8 Flevoland 20.1 17.6 23.6 17.0 4.2 3.1 2.4 2.8 2.4 2.1 1.3 1.0 2.4 Friesland31.6 27.5 14.2 12.5 2.2 3.0 1.1 2.6 0.6 2.2 0.6 0.4 1.9 Gelderland 23.8 24.7 18.3 15.3 2.8 3.3 1.8 2.7 3.2 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.7 Groningen34.8 17.3 14.2 14.1 2.8 4.5 1.3 1.8 0.2 4.5 1.7 0.6 1.3 Limburg (Netherlands) Limburg 24.5 28.9 14.8 14.5 5.4 3.2 3.0 0.2 0.1 0.4 2.2 1.0 1.4 North Brabant 21.0 27.1 18.1 16.3 5.7 2.8 2.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 2.2 1.0 2.8 North Holland24.9 16.2 24.5 17.2 4.1 4.9 2.3 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.6 Overijssel 24.2 29.6 15.4 12.9 2.1 2.5 1.5 3.2 2.1 2.9 0.8 1.2 1.6 South Holland 22.2 18.3 23.4 15.8 3.2 3.1 3.5 2.1 3.0 1.2 1.5 0.8 1.8 Utrecht 19.1 20.6 23.2 16.9 2.9 4.7 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.0 0.9 0.8 1.5 Zeeland 22.4 20.9 18.8 13.5 3.7 2.4 2.8 3.0 7.9 1.8 0.6 0.9 2.2 5 largest municipalities + Results in the five largest municipalitiesTweede Kamer – 3 mei 1994 https://www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl/verkiezingen/detail/TK19940503 5 July 2025 Kiesraad Dutch Municipality PvdA CDA VVD D66 AOV GL CD RPF SGP GPV SP Unie 55+ Others Amsterdam33.2(116 425) 7.9(27 711) 18.3(64 228) 17.7(62 194) 4.2(14 567) 8.5(29 931) 3.7(12 893) 0.4(1 517) 0.1(324) 0.3(1 194) 1.5(5 386) 0.9(3 292) 3.1(10 427) Rotterdam30.8(89 516) 11.6(33 716) 18.2(52 864) 14.9(43 224) 4.5(13 027) 4.4(12 744) 6.5(19 016) 1.0(2 941) 1.1(3 244) 0.9(2 737) 2.2(6 438) 1.0(2 863) 2.9(8 242) The Hague 23.5(55 918) 14.2(33 690)26.2(62 388) 15.7(37 318) 3.6(8 494) 4.2(10 051) 4.9(11 732) 0.9(2 243) 0.7(1 680) 0.8(1 837) 1.5(3 574) 1.2(2 797) 2.6(6 207) Utrecht (municipality) Utrecht26.3(35 357) 12.9(17 335) 15.7(21 143) 19.9(26 683) 3.4(4 554) 10.5(14 126) 4.3(5 714) 0.8(1 014) 0.4(511) 0.8(1 056) 2.2(3 009) 0.8(1 006) 2.1(2 838) Eindhoven20.6(23 413) 19.9(22 530) 16.3(18 469) 17.9(20 309) 12.4(14 104) 4.4(4 947) 2.8(3 126) 0.6(638) 0.2(201) 0.6(645) 2.1(2 327) 0.6(630) 1.9(2 388) References Further reading Irwin, Galen A. "The Dutch Parliamentary Election of 1994," Electoral Studies (1995) 14#1 pp. 72–77 Category:General elections in the Netherlands Netherlands General Netherlands